1. FEDERAL ROAD SAFETY CORPS (FRSC)
THE NIGERIAN EXPERIENCES IN ROAD SAFETY AUDIT DURING ROAD DESIGN, CONSTRUCTION & OPERATION
27 & 28 Oct,
2016 by
Boboye Oyeyemi, MFR, mni, NPoM
Corps Marshal
Federal Road Safety Corps, Nigeria
REGIONAL ROAD SAFETY WORKSHOP ABIDJAN: PRACTICES OF ROAD SAFETY AUDIT & BLACKSPOT TREATMENT –

2. Outline Road Safety Audit (RSA) Why Road Safety Audit
Composition of Road Safety Audit Team
Stages of Road Safety Audit
FRSC Guidelines on Road Safety Audit
FRSC and Road Safety Audit
FRSC Mandate
FRSC Vision and Mission
Conclusion

3. Preamble GNI per capita: 5,360 PPP dollars (2013) World Bank
Population: million (2013)
Life expectancy: years (2012)
Population growth rate: 2.8% annual change (2013)
Total land Mass:923,768m2
Road density: 22.1 km/sqkm
Total road network: 204,000
GNI per capita: 5,360 PPP dollars (2013) World Bank
Official language: English
National Population Commission

4. Total Length of Roads (Km) in Nigeria; 2013
The country’s road network continues to grow due to developments and growth on the economic front and business environment
Road
Total length in Km
Federal Roads
35,000
State Roads
40,000
Local Roads
129,000
Total
204,000

5. Road Safety Audit
RSA is a formal examination of a proposed (designed) or existing road in which an independent, qualified examination team or person reports on the road crash potential and safety problems of the road and suggests measures to mitigate identified problems
It is a systematic procedure that brings traffic safety knowledge into road planning and design process to eliminate potentially unsafe road features. It is a formal safety assessment of a road, traffic management scheme, or maintenance project.

6. Why Road Safety Audit ?
RSA is very important for the following reasons:
To ensure that preventable elements of hazards are not present in a completed road scheme
To ensure suitable crash reducing elements are included in a completed road scheme, e.g. providing anti-skid surfacing

7. Why Road Safety Audit ?..II
To ensure adequate sight-distance at all times, or provision of road signs or road markings are appropriate
To ensure design errors do not get constructed, thereby eliminating the chances of contributing to subsequent road crashes
To ensure action is taken with respect to existing roads with safety problems that result to crashes and suggest measures to mitigate the problems

8. Road Traffic Crashes (RTCs) In Nigeria
The effect of design and construction of roads without adequate road safety audit increases the safety concerns of roads
FATAL
SERIOUS
MINOR
TOTAL
CASES
PERSONS
KILLED
INJURED
TOTAL CASAULTY
183,377
492,078
435,410
1,115,683
345,908
1,178,785
1,524,693
From 1960 to 2015
345,908 Deaths and;
1,178,785 Injuries
Since Independence till end of 2015
Source: FRSC database, PAU analysis

9. Composition of Road Safety Audit Team
RSA is usually carried out by an independent and qualified auditor or team of auditors who identifies potential problems and make recommendations in an RSA report.
The Audit Team are independent of the design team but may be drawn from within the Client team (the road authority), or a consulting firm appointed by the road authority
The audit team includes
Audit Team Leader
Audit Team members

10. Stages of Road Safety Audit
The process of RSA to road scheme consists of the following six stages:
STAGE 1 – PLANNING/FEASIBILITY STUDY
STAGE 2 – PRELIMINARY/DRAFT DESIGN
STAGE 3 – DETAILED/FINAL DESIGN
STAGE 4 - CONSTRUCTION (WORK ZONE)
STAGE 5 – PRE - OPENING
STAGE 6 - OPERATION

11. FRSC and Road Safety Audit
The Federal Road Safety Commission (FRSC) established by Decree No. 45 of as amended by Decree No. 35 of is Nigeria’s Lead Agency for road traffic administration and safety management
The latest amendment to the FRSC enabling law is the promulgation of the FRSC (Establishment) Act, which repealed the FRSC Act CAP F19,

12. MANDATE
The FRSC critical mandate is road crash prevention and making roads safe for all road users
The lead agency concept as practiced in Nigeria through the FRSC is a model recommended by United Nations (UN) and World Bank (WB) for managing road safety globally
The FRSC as a dedicated lead agency on road safety management in Nigeria conforms to global best practice

13. VISION AND MISSION
The FRSC Vision is to eradicate road crashes and create safe motoring environment in Nigeria
The Mission of the Corps is to Regulate, Enforce and Coordinate all Road Traffic and Safety Management activities through:
Sustained public enlightenment
Promotion of stakeholder’s cooperation
Robust data management
Improved vehicle administration
Prompt rescue services
Effective patrol operation

14. Statutory Functions Of FRSC
Preventing & minimizing RTCs
Conducting researches into the causes, effects & methods of preventing RTCs
Determining & enforcing speed limits for all categories of roads & vehicles
Educating drivers, motorists & other members of the public
Cooperating with agencies & groups engaged in road safety activities to prevention to highway RTCs
Providing prompt attention & care to victims of RTCs
Clearing obstruction on the highway

15. FRSC Guidelines on RSA
FRSC guidelines is applied at different stages as follows:
Design process: during the feasibility study
Preliminary design stage
Detailed design
Preparation of construction drawings
RSA procedures for:
The construction stage
The maintenance period of a road.

16. Nigerian Critical Road Corridors
Total road network in Nigeria was 204,183 kilometers
Out of the total road network, 24% are Federal roads classified as critical corridors owing to their roles in connecting the geopolitical zones within Nigeria
These corridors also have inherent potentials for RTCs based on their high traffic volume
FRSC adopted the corridor style of operation to promote wider coverage and effective road safety management culminating in:
Unhindered traffic flow
Reduction in RTCs
Reduction in emergency response time
Coordinated infrastructure safety assessment on the roads

17. World Bank Safe Corridor Project
The FRSC with funding by the World Bank co-ordinates the Safe Corridor Project which is a Safety Sub- component of the Federal Roads Development Programme (FRDP)
6 Corridors were identified as higly crash prone and lacked road safety pre and post-intervention infrastructures to mitigate road fatalities in the country

18. World Bank Safe Corridor Project….II
Safety Engineering
Enforcement
Implementation of the Emergency Medical Services [EMS]
Public Education and Outreach
Training, Technical Assistance and Policy Development
The Six (6) was upgraded to 18 by the Corps

19. Scientific Approach to Crash Reduction
FRSC Conducts Road Safety Audit on Nigerian roads at different intervals as follows:
Regular Intervals
For Interventions
On particular segment of the road
On black spots
On the entire stretch of the road
In conjunction with Federal Ministry of Power, Works and Housing (FMW&H) and State Ministry of Works

20. PARTNERSHIPS I FRSC Support and collaborate with states in the area of RSA

21. NIGERIA ROAD SAFETY STRATEGY (NRSS)
2014 – 2018

22. Key Roles Of Road Safety Participants…based On Existing Practices e. g
Key Roles Of Road Safety Participants…based On Existing Practices e.g. Road Safety Audit
Key Activities
FG^
SGs*
LGs
FRSC
FERMA
VIO
NGOs/PS#
NPF 1
Policies and Legal Framework P 2
Road Traffic Management & Control 3
Construction and Management of Roads 4
Maintenance of Roads 5
Road Safety Audits & Assessment 6
Enforcement of Traffic Laws 7
Prosecution of Offenders 8
Vehicle Inspection & Certification 9
Driver Testing & Licensing 10
Certification of Driving Schools 11
Awareness and Advocacy 12
Collection of Data & Investigation 13
Funding 14
Provision of post crash services
FG ^ – refers to all Ministries, Departments and Agencies (MDAs) of the Federal Government with the exception FRSC, NPF and FERMA
SGs* - this refers to state governments and includes state traffic management agencies, state road maintenance agencies and state ambulance services
PS# - Private Sector
Although responsibility for the enforcement of rules, response to road crashes and collection of data is shared, there’s little cooperation with respect to data sharing and management. This as well as inconsistency in adopted approaches often results in loss of synergy. In addition, activities aimed at improving road safety undertaken by NGOs are often done independently.

23. Key Roles Of Road Safety Participants…based on Existing Practices e. g
Key Roles Of Road Safety Participants…based on Existing Practices e.g. Road Safety Audit

24. 71 Road Safety Audits were conducted since 2009
PARTNERSHIPS II
FRSC & FMPWH COLLABORATE TO IMPROVE NIGERIA ROADS Findings and recommendations from technical reports are forwarded to the FMPWH and other responsible authorities for corrective intervention to forestall future occurrences
71 Road Safety Audits were conducted since 2009
FRSC
FMPWH

25. Partnership Outcomes
RSA Outcomes
71 RSA have been conducted - 10 RSA (2009), 5 RSA (2010), 9 RSA (2011), 7 RSA ( 2012), 9 RSA (2013), 6 RSA (2014), 10 RSA (2015 ) and 15 RSA (2016 to date)
RSA report led to the approval by the National Council on Works and also Transport, for states of the Federation to provide separate lanes for non motorized transport i.e. bicycles and pedestrian on new roads.
Received approval of National Council on Works (NCW) in to conduct RSA on all roads in the Federation.
Drafted National Guideline for conducting RSA, presented to NCW in September, 2016.

26. Outcomes..II
RSA Outcome
Reintroduction of weighbridges and toll plazas in the country resulting from observed deterioration in state of the nation’s roads
Conduct of RSA jointly with ECOWAS Consultants on Lagos end of Abidjan/Accra ECOWAS route
Under the World Bank facility, trained officers in Birmingham University on road crash investigation to bridge existing gaps.5 others are set to be trained at RoSPA, UK in Road Safety Audit, in November

27. Outcomes…III
CRASH INVESTIGATION (CI)REPORTS
In addition to RSA, other studies crash investigations were carried out by the Corps in a bid to mitigate crashes
803 CIs have been conducted - 10 CIs (2009), 126 CIs (2010), CIs (2011), 137 CIs ( 2012), 139 CIs (2013), 133 CIs (2014), 68 CIs (2015) and 52 CIs (2016 to date)
CIs Outcomes
Results of the CIs brought about installation of speed limiting device in motor vehicles as a necessary intervention to check speeding while another brought to fore need to check use of sub-standard tyres

28. Outcomes…IV
CIs Outcomes
Result of investigations are now requested for Insurance and legal purposes

29. Outcomes…V
Road Signage Standardization
Safe roads are incomplete without road signs that meet global standards, especially with regards to reflectiveness and visibility at night
The need to provide standard road signs on Nigeria roads necessitated establishment of the Standard Signage Plant by FRSC in 2015.
FRSC Signage Plant

30. Signage at Construction Areas
General Warning Sign
The Corps ensures that road construction areas are properly secured in terms of visible and highly reflective signs
Nigeria
Foreign
FOREIGN ROAD CONSTRUCTION COMPANIES USE DIFFERENT TYPES OF SIGNS e.g. JBN , RCC contractors carrying out repair jobs along Lagos /Ibadan Highways under repairs. provide German, Israeli types of Construct signs instead of Nigerian Standards confusing the motorists resulting in traffic jam and even road crashes.- FRSC has called the companies to order

31. Bottom line: RTC Reduction
COSEN AT-A-GLANCE ANALYSIS OF CRASH REDUCTION EFFORTS COMPARING
2016 (WEEK 36) WITH 2013, 2014 & 2015
INCIDENCE THAT INCREASE TRAFFIC/CRASH
FRSC 2016 GOAL TO REDUCE 2015 (8987 RTC) BY 15 % IN TERMS OF NUMBER RTC CRASHES (i.e. 147 RTC/WEEK )
147
INTERVENTION BY FRSC
2013 RESULT OF RTC
EASTER SPECIALPATROL
2014 RESULT OF RTC
OPERATION ZERO
2015 RESULT OF RTC
ENLIGHTENMENT
ENFORCEMENT
ENGINEERING
2016 RESULT OF RTC
3E’s
SOLUTION
147
New Year's Day
UTME EXAM
Good Friday
Eid el-Fitr
Easter Monday
June 12
Independence Day
Valentine Day
Christmas Day
Worker's Day
(Sallah)
Boxing Day
Rainy Season sets in
Children's Day
New Year Eve
Democracy Day

32. Intermodal Transport System
90% of haulage and passenger transportation is done by road. The Corps is advocating for an efficient intermodal transport model to reduce the pressure on the road
Government’s effort at revitalizing the railways has reduced the traffic volume on Abuja- Kaduna corridor thereby reducing road traffic crashes

33. Gains Standardization of road traffic signs
Re-aligning and re-construction of identified bad stretch of road
Reduction of the gradients of some routes which have been discovered to be crash prone
Re-design and re-construction of some stretch of roads with blackspots to forestall the reoccurrence of road traffic crash
Installation of road furniture on roads with defects signages

34. Way Forward…. Road Safety Audit – a requirement for road funding
Refocus attention on interventions that will reduce fatality on the highways:
Note:
Road Safety Audit – a requirement for road funding
Axle loads harmonization & control
Standardization of road signs
Emphasis on road maintenance rather than new construction
Dedication of a pre-identified proportion of cost of new road construction to road safety
User friendly designs – “a total road”approach
Remind Government at all levels and other stakeholders of the need for continuous collaboration to strengthen and expand the scope of action needed to meet the SDG target for road safety in the years ahead.

35. Conclusion
From the Nigerian experience, relative to projected economic growth, the roads will continue to experience increase in vehicular density
It is therefore instructive to support road safety improvement initiatives through effective strategies and multi-parnership approaches.