1. Energy Efficiency and Customer Research and Development
HEADING TO NET-ZERO BY 2020
Jim Parks
EECR&D Manager
Energy Efficiency and Customer Research and Development

2. Background
Building America – A Voluntary US Department of Energy Program
Goals
60% Reduction in Energy Bill Initially
Target Annual Net-Zero Electricity Use
Use Commercially Available Technologies
Annual Net-Zero Energy Use by 2020

3. Initial Foray into ZEH Optional PV combined with EE
Beazer Powerhouse
5 Subdivisions/18 PV Installs
Entry level
Optional PV
3,300 Watt ac
Morrison Homes Lakeside 2003
12 PV homes out of 90+ homes
Move-up, in-fill project
Spec’d and Optional Upgrade
>30% Title-24, 2 kW ac Solar
The starting point—optional PV along with energy efficiency

4. A Step Up PV in all homes + EE Premier Homes Premier Gardens 2004-05
95 units
Entry level, in-fill project
>30% Title-24, 2 kW PV
Standard Feature
Treasure Homes
32 units
>40% Title-24, 2 kW PV

5. Features 40% Better Than 2005 Title-24 Standards Measure Base ZEH
Attic Insulation R-38 R-38
Radiant Barrier No Yes
Wall Insulation R-13 R ” R-4.2 Foam
Quality Installation No Yes
Low Air Infiltration Yes Yes
Windows Vinyl, low U,SHGC Vinyl, Low U, SHGC
FURN AFUE
A/C SEER 13 (3.7 ton) 14 w/TXV (3.1 ton)
ACCA Design No Yes -- Short Runs
Duct Testing No Yes
Water Heater storage EF .60 Tankless EF .82
Distribution Standard Pipe insulation
Home Energy Rating No Yes
Fluorescent Lighting Yes Yes (All fixtures)
Solar Electric NA 2kW AC Solar System

6. Real Bill Savings – Hitting the Target
Solar vs Non Solar Avg Monthly Bills 2007
$0.00
$20.00
$40.00
$60.00
$80.00
$100.00
$120.00
Avg. Mo.
Bill
Jan, 07
Feb, 07
March, 07
April, 07
May, 07
June, 07
July, 07
Aug, 07
Sept, 07
Oct, 07
Premier Homes
NON ZEH AVG BILL
Treasure Homes
Premier and Treasure Homes Avg monthly electric bills are 58% less than Non-
Solar Homes.

7. Where We’re Headed CPUC and NAPEE goal of net-zero energy home by 2020
Two projects to move toward true net-zero homes:
One Zero Energy Home (80% goal)
Project with PIER/SDG&E/SMUD to build ZEH subdivisions

8. Current Energy Performance Goals
(2500 ft2 floor area target)
Annual Source Energy: 80% Reduction
Zero Net Summer Peak Electric Demand: 4 PM to 8 PM
Demonstrate the features of the home to the public and builders

9. Base Energy Performance Specs
2x6/R19-R21 cavity/R12 insulating sheathing (R30 wall assembly)
R50 12” low-density foam ceiling assembly
Tight Envelope, SLA (4 ACH50), Third Party inspections & testing
Low e/low SHGC glazing (0.3 U-value, 0.26 SHGC)
100% CFL/LED Lighting
Evaporative Condenser with 15 EER and night ventilation (home); SEER 18/12.5 EER and 10 HSPF mini-split heat pump (apartment)
Solar assisted hot water and hydronic heating with 97% efficient gas boiler
Tested ducts inside conditioned space
Gas clothes dryer and Energy Star dishwasher, clothes washer, and washing machine
3.86 kW AC PV with grid connected battery system
Home automation system with energy display, communicating T-stat, lighting controls
LEED Platinum
Incremental cost of 2500 sf home would be approximately $50,000
Cost of 3.5 kW array is $31,500
Solar thermal = $6k to $8k
Delta cost of ac is $3k
EE measures = $10k to $12k
Costs expected to drop as builders get used to new way of doing things and material sales go up
Estimated cost increase relative to standard home: +$20.00/ft2

10. Peak Demand: 4kWac West Array
HOF
First HOF to be built this year

11. PIER/SDGE&/SMUD Project
Scope of Work almost complete
Expect to build two subdivisions – one in San Diego and one in the Sacramento area
Homes will contain—
High efficiency windows, insulation, lighting, HVAC, water heating and appliances
Photovoltaic arrays
Demand response enabled
Energy storage (in some cases)
V2G and V2H test
Contract approval by mid-2008
Builder selection by year-end
Construction start in 2009
Have submitted for some federal dollars to help offset incremental cost

12. Our Hope Results from these projects will: be replicable
expand our knowledge
set the stage for the next level ZEH
have nationwide impact