1. Scoring a Test  

2. How can I design a scoring method for essay questions that will maintain objectivity and fairness?

3. Cover the student’s name while scoring the exam.
If someone else does the scoring, provide supervised practice in scoring on sample papers.

4. Have each paper re-scored by a second person
Have each paper re-scored by a second person. If this is impractical, re-score a sample of the papers (such as every 5th paper) to determine if additional re-scoring is necessary.

5. Score all the papers for one essay question as a group before going on to the next question and cover the score so that it can’t be seen when you’re scoring the next question. Research has shown that scorers can be influenced by how students performed on an earlier question.

6. Randomly rearrange all the papers after grading all the answers for an individual question so that scorers are not influenced by the order of arrangement of the papers or by fatigue.

7. Determine before hand how to score papers with extraneous information or irrelevant errors, such as punctuation or grammar errors.
Determine how to record test scores.

8. How can I design an effective scoring method for objective questions?

9. Before you score objective questions, you should determine the following:
Whether there is one best answer, or multiple correct responses.
How many points students will receive for each item. Normally, each item correct receives one point, but important questions might receive more points.

10. Whether you will penalize guessing. 
Whether to group scores into subgroups to provide information to students about how they scored in specific content areas.

11. tambahan
Materi kuliah pengukuran dari
Prof. Dali S Naga

12. c. Kutipan dari buku Nitko
Alat Ukur
c. Kutipan dari buku Nitko
Assessment Taks Format
I. Paper-and pencil task format
A. Choice formats
1. True-false
2. Multiple-choice
3. Matching exercises
4. Other formats
Masterlist items
Greater-less-same items
Best-answer items
Experiment-interpretation items
Statement-and-comment items
Tabular (matrix) items
Rank order items
B. Short answer and completion format
C. Essay format
1. Restricted response
2. Extended response

13. Alat Ukur
II. Performance formats
A. Checklists
B. Rating scales
C. Sign and Category systems
III. Long-term activity formats
A. Projects
B. Extended written assignments
C. Laboratory exercises
D. Portfolios
IV. Personal communication formats
A. In-depth interviews, observation
B. Oral questioning

14. Alat Ukur
Time On Tasks
Type of tasks Approximate time
per task (item)
True-false items seconds
Multiple-choice (factual) seconds
One-word fill-in seconds
Multiple-choice (complex) seconds
Matching (5 items/6 choices) minutes
Short-answer minutes
Multiple-choice (with calculation) minutes
Word problems (simple arithmetic) minutes
Short essays minutes
Data analysis/graphing minutes
Drawing models/labeling minutes
Extended essays minutes