1. Background to Deng Xiao Ping Participated in the Long March with Mao Views on economics differed from Mao –Mao = egalitarian, Deng = focused on economic development Survives all of Mao’s purges –Deng utilized free market to revive the economy from GLF 1978 becomes the Chairman of the PLA (People’s Liberation Army) – key to controlling China –He is 74 years old at the time!!!

2. Deng Xiao Ping’s Ideologies (“De-Maoization”) Against the Cultural Revolution – 1979 declared a major setback Four Modernizations: industry, agriculture, science and technology, and national defence Deng’s policies were more practical and responsive to the economic times – willing to alter communist ideologies for what’s best for the country Unwilling to release control over the people

3. Deng Xiao Ping’s Successes Education: Tries to reverse the “uneducation” of the Cultural Revolution –encourages studying abroad –intellectuals sent to the farms during the Cultural Revolution, Hundred Flowers and Great Leap Forward were allowed to reunite with their families Promotes learning in universities and scientific research *studied in France in his 20s

4. Deng Xiao Ping’s Successes Economics Farmers were allowed to produce more food on their own initiative Private ownership is allowed Borrowed from foreign states to boost infrastructure (failure?) 1979 Special Economic Zones instead of borrowing money –First four cities Shenzen, Zhuhai, Shantou, Xiamen near HK and Taiwan were given administrative independence and legal freedom to conduct foreign trade

5. Special Economic Zones Special tax incentive for foreign investment in the SEZs Greater independence is provided for International trade activities Products are primarily export oriented Market driven economic activity Attracts and utilizes foreign capital Means to China’s booming manufacturing industry flowing through these zones

6. Deng Xiao Ping’s Successes Tenure was abolished and many made way for more qualified people to take government positions 1984 revives China to a point that it is self sufficient on food 1984 successful negotiation to return Hong Kong to the Chinese Mao re-unified China, Deng pushed its economy forward

7. Tiananmen Square Massacre 1989 Around 100,000 students gathered in China’s Tiananmen Square to protest for democratic reforms on June 4, 1989. The government elected to use force in stopping the protests. Difficult to know what truly happened due to censorship. Assault weapons, tanks and heavy infantry used against a civilian population. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SACHK- W4o1Ehttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SACHK- W4o1E

8. Tiananmen Square Protests: 1989

10. Tiananmen Square Massacre Around 100,000 students gathered in China’s Tiananmen Square to protest for democratic reforms on June 4, 1989. The government elected to use force in stopping the protests. Difficult to know what truly happened due to censorship. Assault weapons, tanks and heavy infantry used against a civilian population. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SACHK- W4o1Ehttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SACHK- W4o1E

11. China today Considered Communist but acts Capitalist –“Free” market (still subject to what the government thinks is best for the country) Government structure is still communist and there is only one party No cult dictatorship like Mao 2007 second largest GDP in the world (next to US)