1. Chemistry 1411 Chapter one Review

2. The Scientific Method A) is just a theory. B) is a strict set of rules and procedures that lead to inarguable fact. C) isn't used much in modern chemistry. D) is based on continued observation and experiment. E) is a framework for proving an argument you know to be true Ans D

3. Which of the following statements is TRUE A) A scientific law is fact. B) Once a theory is constructed, it is considered fact. C) A hypothesis is speculation that is difficult to test. D) An observation explains why nature does something. E) A scientific law summarizes a series of related observations Ans E

4. Identify a liquid. A) definite volume and definite shape B) definite volume and no definite shape C) no definite shape and definite volume D) no definite shape and no definite volume Ans B

5. Choose the pure substance from the list below A) sea water B) sugar C) air D) lemonade E) milk Ans B

6. A substance that can't be chemically broken down into simpler substances is A) a homogeneous mixture. B) an element. C) a heterogeneous mixture. D) a compound. E) an electron. Ans B

7. Two or more substances in variable proportions, where the composition is constant throughout are A) a compound. B) an element. C) a heterogeneous mixture. D) a homogeneous mixture. E) a crystalline solid. Ans D

8. Which of the following are examples of a chemical change? A) copper building materials develop a green patina over time B) a match burns C) ethanol evaporates D) Both A and B are examples of chemical change. E) All of the above are examples of chemical change. Ans D

9. Which of the following are examples of physical change? A) dew forms on a blade of grass B) a halloween light stick glows after shaking C) an egg solidifies during cooking D) a hydrogen balloon explodes when contacted with a flame E) None of the above are physical changes Ans A

10. A physical change A) occurs when iron rusts. B) occurs when sugar is heated into caramel. C) occurs when glucose is converted into energy within your cells. D) occurs when water is evaporated. E) occurs when propane is burned for heat. Ans D

11. A chemical change A) occurs when methane gas is burned. B) occurs when paper is shredded. C) occurs when water is vaporized. D) occurs when salt is dissolved in water. E) occurs when powdered lemonade is stirred into water Ans A

12. If the temperature is 178°F, what is the temperature in degrees celsius? A) 352°C B) 451°C C) 67°C D) 81.1°C E) 378°C Ans D

13. If a solution has a temperature of 355 K, what is its temperature in degrees celsius? A) 165°C B) 628°C C) 179°C D) 279°C E) 82°C Ans E

14. The outside air temperature is 30°F, what is the temperature in Kelvin? A) 303 K B) 307 K C) 274 K D) 272 K Ans D

15. Determine the density of an object that has a mass of 149.8 g and displaces 12.1 mL of water when placed in a graduated cylinder. A) 8.08 g/mL B) 1.38 g/mL C) 12.4 g/mL D) 18.1 g/mL E) 11.4 g/mL Ans C

16. ) How many significant figures are in the measurement, 0.0005890 g? A) 4 B) 5 C) 6 D) 7 E) 8 Ans A

17. What answer should be reported, with the correct number of significant figures, for the following calculation? (433.621 - 333.9) × 11.900 A) 1.19 × 103 B) 1.187 × 103 C) 1.1868 × 103 D) 1.18680 × 103 E) 1.186799 × 103 Ans A

18. How many mL are in 2.54 L? A) 2.54 × 10-3 mL B) 2.54 × 101 mL C) 2.54 × 103 mL D) 2.54 × 10-1 mL E) 2.54 × 102 mL Ans C

19. How many mg does a 433 kg sample contain A) 4.33 × 10-4 mg B) 4.33 × 107 mg C) 4.33 × 10-3 mg D) 4.33 × 106 mg E) 4.33 × 108 mg Ans E

20. How many mL are in 2.54 L? A) 2.54 × 10-3 mL B) 2.54 × 101 mL C) 2.54 × 103 mL D) 2.54 × 10-1 mL E) 2.54 × 102 mL Ans C

21. Accuracy and precision Precision is an indication of how close a series of measurement on the same object are to each other. Accuracy is an indicator of how close a measurement is to the true value.

22. A student obtained the following results 5.027, 5.028, and 5.056 base on the results is it correct to say the results are A accurate B precise C More than one correct response D No correct response. Ans : precise

23. The formula for sodium sulfide is A.NaS B.K 2 S C.NaS 2 D.Na 2 S e,.SeS Ana: D

24. The formula for magnesium sulfate is A. MnS B. MgS C.MnSo 3 D.MgSo 4 E.MgSo 3 Ans: D

25. The formula for calcium phosphate is A. CaPO 4 B. Ca 3 (Po 4 ) 2 C. Ca 2 (Po 4 ) 3 D. Ca 3 P 2 E. Ca 3 (Po 3 ) 2 Ans: B

26. Which of the following is the formula for hydroiodic acid? A.HIo 4 B. HIo 3 C. HIo 2 D. Hio E.HI Ans: E

27. Which is the correct formula for iron(II) phosphate? A.Fe 2 Po 4 B.Fe 3 (Po 4 ) 2 C.Fe 2 Po 4 D.Fe(Po 4 ) 2 E.Fe(Po 3 ) 2 Ans: B

28. What is the formula for the ionic compound containing calcium ions and nitrate ions? A.Ca 3 N 2 B.Ca 2 No 3 C.Ca 2 No 2 D.Ca(No 3 ) 2 E. CaNo 3 Ans:D

29. How many (SF) are in the result of the following 2.05×10 5 ÷(1.19×10 3 ) A.2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5

30. Answer B.3

31. The empirical formula of styrene is CH; its molar mass is 104.1 g/mol. What is the molecular formula of styrene? A: C 2 H 4 B: C 8 H 8 C: C 10 H 12 D: C 6 H 6 E: none of these Ans: B : C8H8

32. Adipic acid contains 49.32% C, 43.84% O, and 6.85% H by mass. What is the empirical formula? A :C 3 H 5 O 2 B: C 3 H 3 O 4 C : C 2 HO 4 D : C 2 H 5 O 3 E: C 3 HO 3 Ans: A C 3 H 5 O 2

33. Which metals form cations with varying positive charges? A:transition metals B:Group 1 metals C: Group 2 metals D: Group 3 metals E: metalloids Ans: A: transition metals

35. How many protons, neutrons and electrons, in that order are present in the anion formed by one atom of A:34, 34, 45 B: 34, 45, 34 C:32, 45, 34 D: 34, 45, 36 E: 36, 45, 36 Ans: D. 34, 45, 36

36. Rounding off Numbers The number 4.00183 rounded to four significant figures is A.4.002 B.4.001 C. 4.000 D.4.183 E. non of these Ans A 4.002

37. Chapter 3 Which of the following is the SI system base unit of Length. A. kilogram B. Millimeter C. meter D. centimeter E. second Ans: C Meter

38. What is the molar mass of Ca3(PO4)2? A.310.18 g/mol B.87.05 g/mol C.278.18 g/mol D.215.21 g/mol E.166.02 g/mol Ans A 310.18 g/mol

39. What is the mass of a 6.761-mol sample of sodium hydroxide? A)40.00 g B)270.4 g C)162.3 g D)5.916 g E)0.1690 g Ans B 27 0 g

40. What is the molar mass of cryolite (Na 3 AlF 6 )? A.209.9 g/mol B.185.3 g/mol C.210.0 g/mol D.104.2 g/mol E.68.97 g/mol Ans: C 210.0 g/mol

41. Which of the following equations is not balanced? A: 4Al + 3O 2 → 2Al 2 O 3 B: C 2 H 6 + 1/2CO 3 → 2CO 3 + 3H 2 O C : 2KClO 3 → 2KCl + 3/2O 2 D: 4P 4 +5S 8 →4P 4 S 10 E : P 4 + 5O 2 → P 4 O 10 Ans: C:

42. What is the sum of the coefficients of the following equation when it is balanced using smallest whole numbers? NaNH 2 + NaNO 3 → NaN 3 + NaOH + NH 3 A.5 B..6 C..7 D..8 E..9 Ans: E 9

43. wPCl 5 +xH 2 O →yPOCl 3 + zHCl The above equation I s properly balanced when: A: w = 1, x = 2, y = 2, z = 4 B:w = 2, x = 2, y = 2, z = 2 C: w = 2, x = 2, y = 2, z = 1 D: w = 1, x = 1, y = 1, z = 2 E: none of these Ans: D: w = 1, x = 1, y = 1, z = 2

44. Give (in order) the correct coefficients to balance the following reaction: H 2 SnCl 6 + H 2 S → SnS 2 + HCl A. 1, 2, 1, 6 B. 1, 2, 2, 2 C. 1, 1, 1, 6 D. 6, 2, 1, 1 E. 2, 4, 2, 6 Ans: A 1, 2, 1, 6

45. When the equation C 6 H 14 +O 2 →CO 2 + H 2 O is balanced with the smallest set of integers the sum of the coefficient is A : 4 B: 47 C: 15 D : 27 E: 34 Ans : B 47

46. Given the equation 3A + B → C + D, you react 2 moles of A with 1 mole of B. Which of the following is true? A: A is the limiting reactant because of its higher molar mass. B: A is the limiting reactant because you need 3 moles of A and have 2. C: B is the limiting reactant because you have fewer moles of B than A. D:B is the limiting reactant because 3 A molecules react with 1 B molecule. E. Neither reactant is limiting. Ans: B A is the limiting reactant because you need 3 moles of A and have 2.

47. The limiting reactant in a reaction A:is the reactant for which there is the least amount in grams B. is the reactant for which there is the least amount in grams C:is the reactant for which there is the most amount in grams D:is the reactant for which there is the fewest number of moles E:none of the above Ans: E :

48. Given the equation 3A + B  C + D, you react 1 mole of A with 3 moles of B. True or false: A is the limiting reactant because you have fewer moles of A than B. A. True B. False Ans F

49. True of False the reactant with the highest molar mass is always the limiting reactant. A. True B. False Ans: False

50. The reactant which, when used up completely, can produce the least amount of product, is the limiting reactant. A : True B: False

51. What is the mass of 9.00 x 10 22 atoms of magnesium, Mg?

52. Calculate the number of nitrogen atoms in 240. g of ammonium nitrate.

53. Which of the following is the SI system base unit of mass. A. meter B. Kilogram C. liter D. millimeter E. centimeter

54. Answer B. kilogram

55. A cubic centimeter (cm 3 ) is equivalent to what other metric volume. A milliliter B liter C deciliter D centimeter E millimeter

56. Answer A milliliter

57. The SI prefix that correspond t a factor of 10 -2 A centi B deci C Kilo D Nano E non of these

58. Answer A centi 10 -2

59. The SI prefix that correspond to a factor of 10 -9 A centi B deci C kilo D Nano E micro

60. Answer D Nano 10 -9

61. The SI prefix that correspond to a factor of 10 -6 A micro B deci C Milli D Nano E centi

62. Answer A Micro 10 -6

63. Convert 804.4mm =------------m A. 8.044×10 5 m B 8.044×10 4m C 80.44m D 80.44m E 0.8044m

64. Answer

65. The number of milliliters in 0.0583 liter is. A 5.83×10 -3 mL B. 58.3mL C. 5.83mL D.583mL E. 5.8×10 3

68. Convert 3.44×10 2 g= -------------kg A 3.44×10 5 kg B 3.44kg C. 0.344kg D. 3.44×10 4 E. 0.0344kg

69. Answer

70. How many nanogram of liquid are present in a 2.5 megagram of liquid A. 2.5×10 3 ng B. 2.5×10 -3 ng C. 2.5×10 15 ng D. 2.5×10 -15 ng E. no correct response

71. Answer

72. Express the measurement 4.22 quarts in the units of microliter. A 3.99×10 -6 B. 3.99×10 6 C.4.46×10 -6 D.4.46×10 -3

73. Answer

74. Example 1

76. Example 2

78. Example 3

80. 1.8 kilogram contains this many grams A.1.8×10 3 B. 1.8×10 2 C.1.8×10 1 D. 1.8×10 -2 E. 1.8×10 3

81. Answer

82. How many milliliters are in 0.070L A. 0.70mL B. 7.0 mL C. 7.0 × 10 2 mL D. 7.0 × 10 1 E. 7.0 × 10 3

83. Answer

84. Density What is the volume, in milliliter of 50.0g of a liquid if its density 1.20g/mL A.32.1mL B. 41.7mL C.60.0mL D. 73.1 Ml E. no correct response.

85. Answer

86. All of the following are characteristics of metals except: A: good conductors of heat B: malleable C:ductile D: often lustrous E:tend to gain electrons in chemical reactions Ans : E E:tend to gain electrons in chemical reactions