1. DPNM Lab. 1/84 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem Prof. James Won-Ki Hong Dept. of CSE, POSTECH jwkhong@postech.ac.kr http://dpnm.postech.ac.kr 2016. 9. 7

2. DPNM Lab. 2/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem Outline  Challenges for Telcos  SDN  NFV  Open Networking Ecosystem  SDN/NFV Use Cases  SDN/NFV for 5G  Concluding Remarks  Appendix  Glossary  References  SDN Research at DPNM Lab., POSTECH

3. DPNM Lab. 3/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem Challenges for Telcos

4. DPNM Lab. 4/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem Challenges for Telcos Center Router Core Router Core Router GSR Server Farm GSR Core Router Core Router Global Hub Foreign Carriers 1 1 Data Center IX Other Carriers S-GW P-GW PCRF HSS MME SGSN eNodeB EPC Core Carrier Networks NAT DNS DHCP DPI BSS OSS NMS EMSWeb Cache

5. DPNM Lab. 5/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem Challenges for Telcos  Data Explosion in Carrier (Telco) Networks More Mobile Users More Traffic Volume More Mobile Video Faster Mobile Speeds 20154.8 Billion3.7 EB55% of Traffic2.0 Mbps 20205.5 Billion30.6 EB75% of Traffic6.5 Mbps Increasing CAPEX, OPEX Source: CISCO VNI Global Mobile Data Traffic Forecast, 2015-2020

6. DPNM Lab. 6/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem Challenges for Telcos  The Change in Telco Business Paradigms  Change in Business Models Closed Market (Feature phones) Open Market (Smartphone) Telco’s Share? 0%  TTM (Time to Market) 70%30% Content Providers (App Developers) App. Stores (Apple, Google) 70%30% Content ProvidersTelco

7. DPNM Lab. 7/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem Challenges for Telcos  The Business Expansion of Internet Players  Business boundaries fade and value chain expands  Competition in all sectors including connectivity business Connectivity Device Online Services Enabling Tech. Content Kindle, Kindle Fire YouTube Google TV iTunes Apple TV AWS Amazon AdSense AppEngine PayTV e-Book Music Cloud App market Google Fiber Google Play Google Glass Chromecast App Store Telcos (e.g., AT&T, KT, China Telecom) Connectivity Device Online Services Enabling Tech. Content Kindle, Kindle Fire YouTube Google TV iTunes Apple TV AWS Amazon AdSense AppEngine PayTV e-Book Music Cloud App market Google Fiber Google Play Google Glass Chromecast App Store Telcos (e.g., AT&T, KT, China Telecom)

8. DPNM Lab. 8/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem Challenges for Telcos  Mobile Instant Messaging Apps (as of Jan. 2016) Started: Nov. 2009 Active Users: 900 Million Dominant: USA, Europe, Brazil, Mexico, India Acquired by Facebook (Feb. 2014) for $19B Started: March 2010 Active Users: 48 Million Dominant: Korea (80% of Koreans use) Revenue from gaming, emoticon, finance 90% drop in Telco SMS Usage for last 3 years in Korea Started: Jan. 2011 Active Users: 650 Million Dominant: China but growing in USA, Europe & Africa Revenue from gaming, shopping, banking Started: June 2011 Active Users: 212 Million Dominant: Japan, Southeast Asia and South America Revenue from gaming, stickers, ads

9. DPNM Lab. 9/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem Challenges for Telcos In the current era, where costs are rising but revenues and profits are continuously falling, how can a Telco reduce CAPEX & OPEX and have a flexible, agile and efficient operations environment to have a chance to compete against Internet players (such as Google, Apple, Amazon, Naver, Kakao, etc.)?  SDN/NFV = ‘Open Networking’ is a promising solution

10. DPNM Lab. 10/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem Challenges for Telcos  Comparison to the Compute Paradigm  Compute paradigm for the past few decades  Benefits Open/flexible choices and cost-effective solutions for customers Rapid innovation (CPU, OS, Applications) Rich ecosystem

11. DPNM Lab. 11/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem Challenges for Telcos  Comparison to the Compute Paradigm  SDN/NFV is changing the paradigm in networking area

12. DPNM Lab. 12/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem SDN/NFV (Open Networking)

13. DPNM Lab. 13/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem SDN/NFV  Legacy Network  SDN/NFV – Key to network evolution Source: Ericsson-LG, 2016 Center RouterCore Router GSRGESMetro SWL3L2 Server Farm AAAMailDNS DDNS Firewall Cache IGMP NATDHCP VLAN ACL BSS OSS NMS EMS STB DPI

14. DPNM Lab. 14/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem SDN  Software Defined Networking (SDN)  Separates the control plane from the data plane  Provides centralized management and authority (SDN controller)  OpenFlow (OF)  The de facto standard protocol to communicate between control & data planes  Providing remote administration of forwarding tables of switches  Current SDN technologies are heavily depending on OF  Benefits of SDN  Programmability  Agility  Flexibility  CAPEX/OPEX saving  Vendor neutrality Control Plane Data Plane Mgmt. Plane Traditional Network SDN Controller OpenFlow Flow Table

15. DPNM Lab. 15/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem NFV  Network Function Virtualization (NFV)  Leveraging standard IT virtualization technology to consolidate many network equipment types to reduce cost and improve flexibility, operability, and maintainability Virtualized Network Functions (VNFs) VNF NFV Infrastructure (NFVI) Virtual Compute Virtual Storage Virtual Network Virtualization Layer Hardware Resources ComputeStorageNetwork NFV Management and Orchestration High-level NFV Framework (ETSI NFV ISG)

16. DPNM Lab. 16/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem NFV  NFV Drivers Source: SDx Central, 2016

17. DPNM Lab. 17/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem SDN/NFV  SDN/NFV Market Revenue Forecast Source: SDx Central, 2015

18. DPNM Lab. 18/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem Open Networking Ecosystem

19. DPNM Lab. 19/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem Open Networking Ecosystem  Open Networking Reference Model Source: Huawei Hardware Programmable Data Plane Services Network Controllers Carrier Networking Functions Virtual Machines Operating Systems Containers VM/VI Managers Application Platforms Programming Frameworks Network Switch Operating Systems Management & Orchestration Open-O

20. DPNM Lab. 20/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem Open Networking Ecosystem  Hardware  P4 (programming protocol-independent packet processors) declarative language for telling forwarding-plane devices (switches, NICs, firewalls, filters, etc) how to process packets Characteristics Protocol Independency Target Independency Field Re-configurability Members

21. DPNM Lab. 21/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem Open Networking Ecosystem  Hardware  OCP (Open Compute Project) Redesign hardware technology to efficiently support the growing demands on compute & network infrastructure Break open the black box of proprietary IT infrastructure to achieve greater choice, customization, and cost savings Projects Data Center Certification Hardware Management Networking Open Rack Server Design Storage Members

22. DPNM Lab. 22/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem Open Networking Ecosystem  Network Switch Operating Systems  ONL (Open Network Linux) Linux distribution for "bare metal" switches A collection of software packages, utilities, drivers, and abstractions to run on OCP Switch hardware Members Source: “Open Network Linux: A Programmer’s View”, Big Switch Networks

23. DPNM Lab. 23/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem Open Networking Ecosystem  Network Switch Operating System  Indigo Open Source Project by BigSwitch Enables support for OpenFlow on physical and hypervisor switches Components Indigo Agent H/W abstraction layer to make it easy to integrate with the forwarding and port management interfaces of physical- or virtual- switches LoxiGen Compiler that generates OpenFlow marshalling/un-marshalling libraries

24. DPNM Lab. 24/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem Open Networking Ecosystem  Network Switch Operating Systems  OpenSwitch Linux based operating system originally developed by HP For OCP compliant hardware Includes full L2/L3 switching functions Routing / OpenFlow agents are included Members

25. DPNM Lab. 25/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem Open Networking Ecosystem  Open Network Linux vs. OpenSwitch Open Network LinuxOpenSwitch Features / Functionalities - OpenPlatform Distribution for NOS - Routing / OpenFlow agents NOT included (only samples) - Open NOS with full L2/L3 Switching functionalities - Routing/ OpenFlow agents are included Target Hardware OCP (Open Compute) Switch, Bare metal (White Box) Switch Contributors Big Switch Networks, Pica8, Accton HP Enterprise, Accton, Broadcom Intel, Qosmos, VMWare, Arista License Eclipse Public License and GPL for KernelApache License, v. 2.0

26. DPNM Lab. 26/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem Open Networking Ecosystem  Programmable Data Plane Services  DPDK A set of libraries and drivers for fast packet processing Enables faster development of high speed data packet networking applications Supported processors Intel x86, IBM Power 8, EZchip TILE-Gx and ARM  FD.io Create a Platform that enables Data Plane Services that are: Highly performant Modular and extensible Open source, Interoperable, Multi-vendor Usable in cloud, VMs, containers, bare metal and others Members

27. DPNM Lab. 27/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem Open Networking Ecosystem  Programmable Data Plane Services  Open vSwitch Open source software switch used as a virtual switch in virtualized server environments Leverages OpenFlow and Open vSwitch Database (OVSDB) management protocol Run on any Linux-based virtualization platform KVM, VirtualBox, Xen Members Source: https://networkheresy.com/2011/06/06/an-extremely- brief-conceptual-introduction-to-open-vswitch/

28. DPNM Lab. 28/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem Open Networking Ecosystem  Network Controllers  ONOS (Open Network Operating System) Open source SDN network OS from ON.Lab The goal is to create a SDN OS for service providers (Carriers) Distributed Network OS Provides scalability, high availability, high performance and abstractions Members

29. DPNM Lab. 29/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem Open Networking Ecosystem  Network Controllers  ODL (Open Day Light) A collaborative open source SDN project hosted by Linux Foundation Most of the global network vendors are members Modular Open SDN platform for networks Provides a model-driven service abstraction platform Members

30. DPNM Lab. 30/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem Open Networking Ecosystem  Carrier Networking Functions  OPNFV A carrier-grade, integrated, open source platform Accelerates the introduction of new NFV products and services Brings together network functions across compute, storage and network virtualization in order create an end-to-end platform Members

31. DPNM Lab. 31/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem Open Networking Ecosystem  Management & Orchestration  Open Source MANO (OSM) Develop an Open Source NFV Management and Orchestration (MANO) software stack aligned with ETSI NFV Features End-to-end service fulfilment Enhanced platform awareness extensions SDN underlay control Multi-site capability Multi-cloud VIM capability Members

32. DPNM Lab. 32/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem Open Networking Ecosystem  Management & Orchestration  OPEN-Orchestrator (Open O) open source unified orchestrator project for SDN/NFV Features End-to-End SDN/NFV orchestration ETSI NFV MANO compliant Modular and multiplatform Service and resource orchestration YANG and TOSCA support Members

33. DPNM Lab. 33/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem Open Networking Ecosystem  Virtual Machines  Xen Project Hypervisor using a microkernel design Provides services that allow multiple OSes to execute on the same computer hardware concurrently Supports multiple guest operating systems Linux, Windows, NetBSD, FreeBSD Supports multiple Cloud platforms CloudStack, OpenStack Members

34. DPNM Lab. 34/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem Open Networking Ecosystem  Virtual Machines  KVM (Kernel-based Virtual Machine) Full virtualization solution for Linux on x86 hardware Merged into the Linux kernel mainline in kernel version 2.6.20 Supports multiple guest operating systems Linux, BSD, Solaris, Windows, Mac OSX Members Source: http://www.linuxnix.com/what-is-kvm-virtualization-in-linux/

35. DPNM Lab. 35/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem Open Networking Ecosystem  Operating Systems  Linux Best-known and most-used open source OS Assembled under the model of free and open-source software development and distribution Popular mainstream Linux distributions Debian, Ubuntu, Linux Mint, Fedora, openSUSE, Arch Linux and Gentoo  FreeBSD OS for a variety of platforms which focuses on features, speed, and stability Major differences with Linux Complete OS vs. a kernel and drivers only BSD license vs. copyleft GPL

36. DPNM Lab. 36/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem Open Networking Ecosystem  Containers  Docker Automates the deployment of applications inside software containers Provides an additional layer of abstraction and automation of OS- level virtualization on Linux Enables to package an application with all of its dependencies into a standardized unit for software development

37. DPNM Lab. 37/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem Open Networking Ecosystem  Containers  Docker Partners

38. DPNM Lab. 38/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem Open Networking Ecosystem  VMs vs. Containers  Performance comparison The general result is that Docker is nearly identical to native performance and faster than KVM in every category Source: IBM Research Report: An Updated Performance Comparison of Virtual Machines and Linux Containers, July 21, 2014 Passive Benchmarking with docker LXC, KVM & OpenStack, IBM I/O CPU Network Boot Time Docker net=host: using host networking stack

39. DPNM Lab. 39/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem Open Networking Ecosystem  VMs vs. Containers VMsContainers Entire OS installationMultiple isolated user-space instances Entire OS needed Only libraries and components needed for application VM runs using emulation or virtualization on host OS Runs on the same kernel Independent to host OSDependent to host OS (Linux) Entire VM OS and disk imagesMuch smaller, easier to package Longer to startFaster to start Security issues of running OSSecurity limited to app Inefficient use of resourcesEfficient use of resources

40. DPNM Lab. 40/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem Open Networking Ecosystem  VM/VI Managers  Kubernetes Open-source platform for automating deployment, scaling, and operations of application containers across clusters of hosts Functionalities Auto-placement, auto-restart, auto-replication, auto-scaling Schedule across hosts Container grouping Load balancing Members https://cloudplatform.googleblog.com/2015_01_01_archive.html

41. DPNM Lab. 41/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem Open Networking Ecosystem  VM/VI Managers  Apache Mesos Open source distributed systems kernel Abstracts the entire datacenter into a single pool of computing resources Mesos Framework Job Schedulers: Aurora, Chronos Container Orchestration / High Availability: Marathon Continuous Integration: Jenkins, GitLab Big Data: Hadoop, Spark, Storm, Kafka, Cassandra, Hypertable, MPI Containers: Docker

42. DPNM Lab. 42/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem Open Networking Ecosystem  VM/VI Managers  OpenStack Open source software platform for cloud computing Mostly deployed as an IaaS (like Amazon EC2) Controls large pools of compute, storage, and networking resources throughout a datacenter Core services swift (object storage), keystone (identity), nova (compute), neutron (networking), cinder (block storage), glance (image service)

43. DPNM Lab. 43/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem Open Networking Ecosystem  Application Platforms  Cloud Foundry Open platform as a service, providing a choice of clouds, developer frameworks, and application services Makes it faster and easier to build, test, deploy and scale applications Runs on any cloud platform Members

44. DPNM Lab. 44/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem Open Networking Ecosystem  Application Platforms  OpenShift Cloud Platform-as-a-Service open source developed by Red Hat Allows developers to quickly develop, host, and scale applications in a cloud environment Members

45. DPNM Lab. 45/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem Open Networking Ecosystem  Programming Frameworks  Node.js Cross-platform runtime environment for developing server-side web applications Event-driven architecture capable of asynchronous I/O Designed to build scalable network applications  Django Web framework, following the MVC (Model-View-Controller) architectural pattern Written in Python Goal Ease the creation of complex, database-driven websites Reusability and pluggability of components Rapid development

46. DPNM Lab. 46/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem Open Networking Ecosystem  Open Source vs. Commercial Solutions Hardware Programmable Data Plane Network Controllers Carrier Networking Functions Virtual Machines Operating Systems Containers VM/VI Managers Application Platforms Programming Frameworks Network Switch OS Management & Orchestration Open-O Open Source Commercial

47. DPNM Lab. 47/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem Open Networking Ecosystem  A simple scenario for Open Networking Ecosystem  Phase 1 – Infrastructure building & NFV Development Network Switch Edge Cloud Virtual Machines OS VM/VI Managers Application Platforms Frameworks Firewall DPI Billing IDS Cache OCP Switch H/W P4 ASIC Data Plane Switch OS

48. DPNM Lab. 48/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem Open Networking Ecosystem  A simple scenario for Open Networking Ecosystem  Phase 2 – Network & Service Configuration Client Datacenter Firewall DPI Network ControllerNetwork FunctionsOrchestration

49. DPNM Lab. 49/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem SDN/NFV Use Cases

50. DPNM Lab. 50/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem SDN/NFV Use Cases  ONOS CORD (Central Office Re-architected as a Datacenter)  Key idea To concentrate distributed central offices to a re-architected datacenter  Goal To construct cost-effective network by reducing CAPEX/OPEX Fast & flexible service provisioning  Building blocks Commodity hardware ONOS, OpenStack, XOS, vOLT, vSG, vRouter, vG.Fast, … Commodity Hardware (White-Box Servers and Switches, I/O Blades)

51. DPNM Lab. 51/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem SDN/NFV Use Cases  ONOS CORD (Central Office Re-architected as a Datacenter)  R-CORD: Residential CORD Source: http://opencord.org

52. DPNM Lab. 52/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem SDN/NFV Use Cases  ONOS CORD (Central Office Re-architected as a Datacenter)  E-CORD: Enterprise CORD Source: http://opencord.org

53. DPNM Lab. 53/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem SDN/NFV Use Cases  ONOS CORD (Central Office Re-architected as a Datacenter)  M-CORD: Mobile CORD Source: http://opencord.org

54. DPNM Lab. 54/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem SDN/NFV Use Cases  ONOS CORD (Central Office Re-architected as a Datacenter)  A-CORD: Analytics CORD Source: http://opencord.org

55. DPNM Lab. 55/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem SDN/NFV Use Cases  Transport SDN – KT  [Challenge] Complex transport network environment having multi- vendor/domain/layer devices  [Solution] Centralize device control and PCE over multi-vendor devices  [Challenge] OPEX increase by segmented operations  [Solution] Simplify and automate provisioning processes Source: “Carrier/WAN SDN: Commercially Deployed Transport SDN Platform in Action”, KT

56. DPNM Lab. 56/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem SDN/NFV Use Cases  Transport SDN – KT  Adopts open source SDN controller (OpenDaylight Helium Release) To reduce time and cost for development  Integrates with legacy transport NMS Share inventory, topology, and fault information  Defines Yang Model and use in-memory DataStore for fast path computation Real-time synchronization for resource changes  Adopts MSPP, OXC, and PTN plugins Source: “Carrier/WAN SDN: Commercially Deployed Transport SDN Platform in Action”, KT

57. DPNM Lab. 57/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem SDN/NFV Use Cases  SDN Enabled Mobile Network  NTT + NEC Launched LTE service in Jan. 2014, at Myanmar using vEPC Installed 50 LTE base stations across three cities Concurrently accommodated over 40 thousand LTE subscribers  NTT DoCoMo Development of vEPC technology Plan to commercialize in Japan in March, 2016 Aim to improve the performance of VoLTE 5  25% Monitor VM eNB OS VM eNB OS VM SGW OS VM SGW OS VM PGW OS VM PGW OS VM IMS OS VM IMS OS HyperVisor VM IMS OS VM eNB OS VM PGW OS HyperVisor + Resource provision/removal

58. DPNM Lab. 58/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem SDN/NFV for 5G

59. DPNM Lab. 59/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem SDN/NFV for 5G  IMT-2020 Vision (ITU) Source: IMT Vision – Framework and overall objectives of the future development of IMT for 2020 and beyond

60. DPNM Lab. 60/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem SDN/NFV for 5G  IMT-2020 Vision: 5G Key Features  Network slicing  Cloudlet computing <10ms latency, high reliability  Flatter network and data center consolidation  Flexible mobility  Massive signaling and data demands source: IMT Vision – Framework and overall objectives of the future development of IMT for 2020 and beyond

61. DPNM Lab. 61/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem SDN/NFV for 5G  5G Network Improvements for Cost, Latency, Scalability source: 5G and Wireless Broadband Evolution, Qualcomm

62. DPNM Lab. 62/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem SDN/NFV for 5G  METIS2020  Date: 2012-11-01 ~ 2015-04-30  Funded by European Commission, FP7  Objective Develop the overall 5G radio access network design Provide the technical enablers needed for various 5G technologies and components

63. DPNM Lab. 63/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem SDN/NFV for 5G  METIS2020

64. DPNM Lab. 64/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem SDN/NFV for 5G  SDN for 5G Network Source: Underestimated Role of Software in 5G, IEEE NetSoft 2015: Soft5G Workshop

65. DPNM Lab. 65/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem SDN/NFV for 5G  5G Network Slicing  Key element in NGMN’s vision for 5G  To enable the deployment of multiple logical networks as independent business operations on a common physical infrastructure platform  SDN/NFV Potential technical enablers to address 5G system requirements, especially for operational sustainability and business agility

66. DPNM Lab. 66/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem SDN/NFV for 5G  5G Network Architecture – 5G Forum Source: 5G Forum White Paper 2.0

67. DPNM Lab. 67/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem SDN/NFV for 5G  5G Network Softwarization View – ITU IMT2020 FG Source: ITU-T Focus Group IMT-2020: Report on Standards Gap Analysis

68. DPNM Lab. 68/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem SDN/NFV for 5G  5G Network Architecture – 5GPPP Source: 5G NORMA project presentation by Simone Redana, “A Novel Radio Multiservice adaptive network Architecture for 5G networks”

69. DPNM Lab. 69/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem SDN/NFV for 5G  5G Network Architecture – 5GMF (Japan) (Fifth Generation Mobile Communications Promotion Forum)

70. DPNM Lab. 70/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem SDN/NFV for 5G  5G Network Architecture – KT Source: HSN2016, Plenary, “KT 의 유무선 통합 네트워크에서의 SDN/NFV

71. DPNM Lab. 71/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem SDN/NFV for 5G  5G Network Architecture – SKT Source: SK Telecom 5G White Paper, “SK Telecom’s View on 5G Vision, Architecture, Technology, and Spectrum”

72. DPNM Lab. 72/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem SDN/NFV for 5G  5G Modular Network Architecture – LGU+ Source: LGU+ 5G White Paper

73. DPNM Lab. 73/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem SDN/NFV for 5G  5G Network Architecture - China Mobile URL: http://www.itu.int/en/ITU-T/focusgroups/imt-2020/Documents/Workshop-Turin/yachen-slides.pdf

74. DPNM Lab. 74/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem SDN/NFV for 5G  5G Network Architecture - China Mobile URL: http://www.itu.int/en/ITU-T/focusgroups/imt-2020/Documents/Workshop-Turin/yachen-slides.pdf

75. DPNM Lab. 75/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem SDN/NFV for 5G  5G Network Architecture - Deutch Telekom URL: https://johannesbergsummit.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/6/2014/11/Monday_3_Franz-Seiser.pdf

76. DPNM Lab. 76/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem SDN/NFV for 5G  5G Network Architecture - Nokia URL: https://johannesbergsummit.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/6/2014/11/Tuesday_2_Peter-Merz.pdf

77. DPNM Lab. 77/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem NetSoft 2016 (http://netsoft2016.org)  Conference (June 6-10, 2016)  7 keynote speakers  57 technical papers  Workshops  SDN and IoT  Open-Source Software Networking (OSSN)  Software Defined 5G Networks (Soft5G 2016)  Security in Virtualized Networks (Sec-VirtNet 2016)  Tutorials  Smart Applications on Virtual Infrastructure (SAVI)  NFV Management and Orchestration in the Age of 5G  P4  Central Office Re-architected as a Data Center (CORD)  Powering Internet of Things with Cloud and NFV  Software Defined Network Security – In Practice

78. DPNM Lab. 78/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem SDN/NFV Forum  Website  http://www.sdnnfv.org/

79. DPNM Lab. 79/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem IJNM  International Journal of Network Management  EiC: Prof. James Won-Ki Hong  Impact Factor: 0.283, SCI(E)  http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/(ISSN)1099-1190 http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/(ISSN)1099-1190  Keywords  SDN/NFV  IoT Management  Computer networks  Telecommunications networks  Network & service management  Network monitoring and analysis  Network security  Etc…  Virtual Issue  http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/(ISSN)1099- 1190/homepage/VirtualIssuesPage.html http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/(ISSN)1099- 1190/homepage/VirtualIssuesPage.html

80. DPNM Lab. 80/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem Concluding Remarks  Urgent need to reduce CAPEX & OPEX by Telcos  Need for more flexible, agile, efficient infrastructure to reduce Time-to-Market of new services & to be competitive  SDN/NFV = ‘Open Networking’ is a promising solution  Many related startups in US & Europe, very few in Korea  Global vendors (including Ericsson, Huawei, Nokia, HP) are actively participating  Korean vendors (including Samsung) need to participate more on these open networking R&D projects

81. DPNM Lab. 81/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem

82. DPNM Lab. 82/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem Appendix

83. DPNM Lab. 83/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem Glossary BSS: Business Support Systems OSS: Operations Support Systems GSR: Gigabit Switch Router ACR: Access Control Router RAS: Radio Access Station vOLT: virtual Optical Line Terminal vSG: virtual Subscriber Gateway RRU: Remote Radio Unit BBU: BaseBand Unit SON: Self-Organizing Networks GPON: Gigabit Passive Optical Network ONT: Optical Network Terminal PCE: Path Computation Element MSPP: Multi Service Provisioning Platform OXC: Optical Cross-Connect PTN: Packet Transport Network RNE: Radio Network Elements CNE: Core Network Elements FuAg: Function Agent SE: Switching Elements RAT: Radio Access Technology MBH: Mobile BackHaul MFH: Mobile FrontHaul FQAM: Frequency & Quadrature Amplitude Modulation SCMA: Sparse Code Multiple Access NOMA: Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access SOMA: Semi Orthogonal Multiple Access D2D: Device To Device eMTC: enhanced Machine-Type Communication

84. DPNM Lab. 84/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem References (1/2)  Hardware  P4 – http://p4.orghttp://p4.org P4 Introduction/Tutorial 2016 – http://www.eventbrite.com/e/p4-introductiontutorial-2016-tickets-23066146465 http://www.eventbrite.com/e/p4-introductiontutorial-2016-tickets-23066146465 P4 Workshop 2016 – https://www.eventbrite.com/e/p4-workshop-2016-tickets-22712549848 https://www.eventbrite.com/e/p4-workshop-2016-tickets-22712549848  OCP - http://www.opencompute.org/http://www.opencompute.org/  Network Switch Operating Systems  ONL - https://opennetlinux.org/https://opennetlinux.org/  OpenSwitch – http://www.openswitch.net/http://www.openswitch.net/  Indigo - http://www.projectfloodlight.org/indigo/http://www.projectfloodlight.org/indigo/  Programmable Data Plane Services  DPDK - http://dpdk.org/http://dpdk.org/  FD.io - https://fd.io/https://fd.io/  Open vSwitch - http://openvswitch.org/http://openvswitch.org/  Network Controllers  ONOS - http://onosproject.org/http://onosproject.org/  OpenDaylight - https://www.opendaylight.org/https://www.opendaylight.org/  Carrier Networking Functions  OPNFV - https://www.opnfv.org/https://www.opnfv.org/

85. DPNM Lab. 85/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem References (2/2)  Management & Orchestration  Open O - https://www.open-o.org/https://www.open-o.org/  OSM - https://osm.etsi.org/https://osm.etsi.org/  Virtual Machines  Xen – http://www.xenproject.org/http://www.xenproject.org/  KVM - http://www.linux-kvm.org/page/Main_Pagehttp://www.linux-kvm.org/page/Main_Page  Operating Systems  Linux - http://www.linuxfoundation.org/http://www.linuxfoundation.org/  FreeBSD - https://www.freebsd.org/https://www.freebsd.org/  Containers  Docker - https://www.docker.com/https://www.docker.com/  VM/VI Managers  Kubernetes - http://kubernetes.io/http://kubernetes.io/  OpenStack - https://www.openstack.org/https://www.openstack.org/  Mesos - http://mesos.apache.org/http://mesos.apache.org/  Application Platforms  Cloud Foundry - https://www.cloudfoundry.org/https://www.cloudfoundry.org/  OpenShift - https://www.openshift.com/https://www.openshift.com/  Programming Frameworks  Node.js - https://nodejs.org/en/https://nodejs.org/en/  Django - https://www.djangoproject.com/https://www.djangoproject.com/

86. DPNM Lab. 86/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem SDN Research at DPNM Lab., POSTECH

87. DPNM Lab. 87/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem Adaptive Control Plane Management  Research Goal  Develop a system to optimize SDN control plane Analysis on the causes of control plane overhead Scheduling algorithm between data-control planes Source: Jian Li, Jae-Hyoung Yoo, and James Won-Ki Hong, "Dynamic Control Plane Management for Software-Defined Networks", International Journal of Network Management (IJNM). vol. 26, no.2, Mar./Apr., 2016, pp. 111-130. (SCIE) URL: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/nem.v26.2/issuetoc?campaign=woletoc

88. DPNM Lab. 88/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem SDN Traffic Engineering  Research Goal  Develop a dynamic traffic engineering algorithm to reduce energy consumption Optimal topology composition Link load balancing Source: Yoonseon Han, Sin-seok Seo, Jian Li, Jonghwan Hyun, Jae-Hyoung Yoo, James Won-Ki Hong, "Software Defined Networking-based Traffic Engineering for Data Center Networks", APNOMS 2014, Hsinchu, Taiwan, Sept. 17-19, 2014. URL: http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?arnumber=6996601&tag=1

89. DPNM Lab. 89/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem SDN Traffic Engineering Traffic Engineering Manager Switch & Link On/OffFlow Table Update Optimal Topology Composition Traffic Load Balancing Failure Recovery Switch & Link On/Off Status Available Link Capacity Network Topology and Link Capacity Long-term Cycle (~hours) Short-term Cycle (~minutes) Failure Occurrence Optimal Topology Composition Traffic Load Balancing Failure Recovery Traffic Matrix (hour)/ Failure Info. Traffic Matrix (min or sec)/ Failure Info. Failure Info./ Link Statistics

90. DPNM Lab. 90/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem Reliable SDN  Research Goal  Develop a fast-failover algorithm for large size SDN Network Optimal traffic bypass algorithm A strategy to maintain alternative route for failure Source: Jian Li, JongHwan Hyun, Jae-Hyoung Yoo, Seongbok Baik, James Won-Ki Hong, "Scalable Failover Method for Data Center Networks Using OpenFlow", ManFI 2014, Krakow, Poland, May 5, 2014 URL: http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?arnumber=6838393

91. DPNM Lab. 91/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem SDN SBI Extension  LISP : a SDN South-bound API (SBI) extension  Locator Identifier Separation Protocol (LISP) IETF standard Reduce RIB entries Efficient for network virtualization Support device mobility  LISP subsystem development for ONOS SDN controller LISP protocol support as SBI LISP abstraction support xTR LISP Provider LISPxTR Listener LISP Device LISPxTR Agent LISPMessage Handler LISPMessage Listener EIDxTR EID1xTR1 EID2xTR1 EID3xTR2 LISPxTRImpl LISP Control Channel LISPxTR Driver LISPxTR… EID-RLOC-Map LISP Manager LISP Application LISPDevice Provider LISP ProviderService LISPSevice EventListener VM Migration Vertical Handover

92. DPNM Lab. 92/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem SDN with LISP  Research Goal  Define use-cases for Locator/Identifier Separation Protocol (LISP) Ingress traffic engineering, inter DC VM migration, vertical handover, disaster recovery Source: Taeyeol Jeong, Jian Li, Jonghwan Hyun, Jae-Hyoung Yoo, and James Won-Ki Hong, "LISP controller: a centralized LISP management system for ISP networks", International Journal of Network Management (IJNM), vol. 25, no. 6, Nov./Dec., 2015, pp. 507-525. URL: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/nem.1921/abstract

93. DPNM Lab. 93/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem Network Service Virtualization  Network service virtualization for 3rd party  E2E Network Virtualization Address Virtualization Topology Virtualization Policy Virtualization  Multi-tenancy Support over 100 tenants Virtual network isolation between tenants  Automated virtual network management High-level virtual network management with Intents Automated virtual network composition Dynamic virtual network embedding and management Network Hypervisor Control Plane Physical Network Testbed Data Plane ISP controller Virtual Network #1 Virtual Network #2 SDN Controller #2 SDN Controller #1 High-level Network Virtualization Platform Virtual Network Embedding Algorithm Source : Yoonseon Han, Jonghwan Hyun, and James Won-Ki Hong, "Graph Abstraction Based Virtual Network Management Framework For SDN", 2016 IEEE International Conferences on Computer Communications (INFOCOM), San Francisco, CA, USA, Apr.10-15, 2016.

94. DPNM Lab. 94/88 SDN/NFV and Open Networking Ecosystem VDC Embedding  Research Goal  Embedding Virtual Data Center into multiple datacenters Inter-DC VM migration and VDC consolation method Energy-aware VDC embedding algorithm Source: Yoonseon Han, Jian Li, Jae Yoon Chung, Jae-Hyoung Yoo and James Won-Ki Hong, "SAVE: Energy-Aware Virtual Data Center Embedding and Traffic Engineering using SDN", NetSoft 2015, UCL, UK, April 13-17, 2015. URL: http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?arnumber=7116142