1. Prof.Jagdale Y.L. Asst.Prof.Dept.of Horticulture GREENHOUSE VEGETABLE CULTIVATION Mr. Jagdale. Mobile : 9923071265 Email- yljagdale@gmail.com

2. TOMATOES PLANTING PLANTING Bed Preparation Bed Preparation Top width - 90 cm.Top width - 90 cm. Path width – 50 cmPath width – 50 cm Height – 40 cm.Height – 40 cm. Planting Distance Planting Distance  40-45 cm between two plants  50 cm between two rows

3. Planting Material Planting Material Seedling of four to five weeks age are used, before flowering. Planting seasons: Planting seasons:June-July November- December Types of Tomato Types of Tomato 1. Beef stick tomatoes 1. Beef stick tomatoes 2. Truss ( vine) tomatoes 2. Truss ( vine) tomatoes 3. Cherry tomatoes 3. Cherry tomatoes 4. Round tomatoes 4. Round tomatoes

5. CULTURAL PRACTICES IN TOMATOES Suckering Suckering Crop Support Crop Support Training Training De-leafing De-leafing Fruit Pruning Fruit Pruning Truss hooks Truss hooks Topping Harvesting Topping Harvesting

6. Suckering Indeterminate growth habit Indeterminate growth habit suckers will develop between each compound leaf and the stem. These suckers are removed as they develop, leaving only the main stem as a growing point. suckers will develop between each compound leaf and the stem. These suckers are removed as they develop, leaving only the main stem as a growing point. Side shoots are usually not pruned until they are a few inches long, at which time they are easier to distinguish from the main stem. Side shoots are usually not pruned until they are a few inches long, at which time they are easier to distinguish from the main stem.

8. Crop Support Nylon strings hung from horizontal wires at least 3 m about the ground Nylon strings hung from horizontal wires at least 3 m about the ground A plant fully loaded with fruit weights 7 to 14 kg A plant fully loaded with fruit weights 7 to 14 kg Each individual stem is clipped to a string with special plastic clips (Tomato clip) available in several sizes. Each individual stem is clipped to a string with special plastic clips (Tomato clip) available in several sizes.

9. Crop Support

10. Training (Tying) Training (Tying) Plants should be trained as single (main) stem. Plants should be trained as single (main) stem. The plants can be supported with the help of plastic twine loosely anchored around the base of the plants (non slip loop) at one end. The plants can be supported with the help of plastic twine loosely anchored around the base of the plants (non slip loop) at one end.

11. De-leafing – When vines are lowered, leaves touching the ground are removed to prevent disease ground are removed to prevent disease development. development. – To increase light penetration and air circulation. Typically, all leaves are removed circulation. Typically, all leaves are removed below the lowest fruit cluster. below the lowest fruit cluster.

12. Fruit Pruning Fruit Pruning Small, undersized fruit at the end of a cluster (distal fruit) are always removed. Small, undersized fruit at the end of a cluster (distal fruit) are always removed. Truss hooks grown under relatively low light conditions, the peduncles of the inflorescences (trusses) are too weak to support the weight of fruit they bear and, are liable to bend or ‘kink’. Truss hooks grown under relatively low light conditions, the peduncles of the inflorescences (trusses) are too weak to support the weight of fruit they bear and, are liable to bend or ‘kink’.

13. Fruit Pruning Fruit Pruning

14. Truss hook Truss hook

15. Topping Topping Six weeks before the anticipated crop termination date, the growing point and small fruit clusters at the top of the plant are removed. Six weeks before the anticipated crop termination date, the growing point and small fruit clusters at the top of the plant are removed. fruit requires 7-8 weeks from anthesis to harvest so small fruit will not have enough time to develop to maturity. fruit requires 7-8 weeks from anthesis to harvest so small fruit will not have enough time to develop to maturity. Increase size of already-set fruit in the lower part of the plant. Increase size of already-set fruit in the lower part of the plant.

16. Pollination Pollination Hand pollination method is used, Timing is important in hand pollination for fruit set. i.e. when humidity conditions are most favorable (50-70%). Pollination is done at least twice a week; inadequate pollination will lead to misshapen fruits and lower yields. Hand pollination method is used, Timing is important in hand pollination for fruit set. i.e. when humidity conditions are most favorable (50-70%). Pollination is done at least twice a week; inadequate pollination will lead to misshapen fruits and lower yields.

17. Pollination Pollination

18. Harvesting Harvesting Production of tomatoes starts after 60-75 days the total crop period for tomatoes is 8-9 months after planting. Production of tomatoes starts after 60-75 days the total crop period for tomatoes is 8-9 months after planting. Yield- i) Truss tomatoes - 50-60kg/ Sq.meter Yield- i) Truss tomatoes - 50-60kg/ Sq.meter ii) Cherry tomatoes - 31 kg/ Sq.meter ii) Cherry tomatoes - 31 kg/ Sq.meter