1. Olfactory Nerve

6. Optic Nerve

14. Occulomotor Nerve 1- Deep cerebral origin 2- Cerebral course 3- Cerebral exit 4- Cranial course 5- Cranial exit 6- Distribution and 7- Injury

15. Occulomotor Nerve Interpeduncular Fossa

16. Occulomotor nerve

17. Somatic Motor Nucleus Parasympathetic Nucleus (Edinger-Westphal) Pretectal Nucleus (Pupillary Light Reflex) Interstitial Cell of Cajal (Vertical Gaze) Cavernous Sinus

18. Occulomotor Nerve Lesion

19. 1- Ptosis 2- Un-opposed Action of Lateral Rectus 3- Intact Lateral Rectus 4- Affected Medial Rectus 5- Affected Superior Rectus6- Affected Inferior Rectus

20. Trochlear Nerve 1- Deep cerebral origin 2- Cerebral course 3- Cerebral exit 4- Cranial course 5- Cranial exit 6- Distribution and 7- Injury

21. Trochlear Nerves

22. Trochlear nerve

23. Trochlear Nerve Superior oblique Muscle Cavernous Sinus

24. Trochlear Nerve Injury

26. Predict the functional deficit resulting from damage to each nerve. There is a very cool web site that allows you to simulate the eye motions expected from lesions to different cranial nerves and different eye muscles. Check it out at http://cim.ucdavis.edu/Eyes/Version1/eyesim.htm This patient has a damaged right trochlear nerve (IV). The right superior oblique muscle is paralyzed. Note that movements to the right are not affected, but movements down and, especially, down and to the left result in asymmetrical eye movements. The right eye is not able to move down and in.

27. 2- Abducent Nerve 1- Deep cerebral origin 2- Cerebral course 3- Cerebral exit 4- Cranial course 5- Cranial exit 6- Distribution and 7- Injury

28. Abducent Nerves

29. Abducent nerve

30. Abducent and Para-Abducent Nuclei Abducent Nerve Lateral Rectus Muscle Cavernous Sinus

31. Abducent Nerve Injury

32. Adducted by intact medial rectus Failure of abduction due to affected lateral rectus

33. Trigeminal Nerve

34. Mandibular Division ophthalmic maxillary

35. (Ophthalmic Division of Trigeminal Nerve)

36. Ophthalmic nerve

37. Trigeminal Ganglion Ophthalmic Nerve Mandibular Nerve Maxillary Nerve 1- Lacrimal Branch of Ophthalmic Nerve 2- Frontal Branch of Ophthalmic Nerve 3- Nasociliary Branch of Ophthalmic Nerve

38. Branches of Ophthalmic Division Trigeminal Nerve

39. 1- The Lacrimal Nerve Course, Relations and Distribution

40. Trigeminal Ganglion Lacrimal Nerve Lateral Rectus Muscle Communicating Branch from Zygomatic Branch of Maxillary Nerve Glandular Branches Palpebral Terminal Branch

41. 2- The Frontal Nerve Course, Relations and Distribution

42. 2- Frontal Branch of Ophthalmic Nerve a large supraorbital branches smaller supratrochlear branch

43. 3- The Nasociliary Nerve Course, Relations and Distribution

44. 3- Nasociliary Branch of Ophthalmic Nerve

45. Nasociliary Nerve Anterior Ethmoidal Nerve Infratrochlear Nerve

46. The Maxillary Nerve Origin, Course and Termination

47. Maxillary Nerve Foramen Rotundum Pterygo-palatine Fossa Pterygo-maxillary Fissure Inferior Orbital Fissure Infra-orbital Groove Infra-orbital Canal Infra-orbital Foramen

48. The Mandibular Nerve

49. Origin and Exit from the Skull

50. Trigeminal Nerve Mandibular Division

51. Roots, Course, Relations and Termination

52. Anterior DivisionPosterior Division

54. Facial Nerve

55. Definition and General Description

56. Facial Nerve

57. Deep Origin (Nuclei) and Course in The Brain

58. Motor Nucleus of Facial Nerve Facial Colliculus Superior Salivatory Nucleus Solitarius Spinal Nucleus of The Trigeminal Nerve

59. Facial Nerve Motor Nucleus of Facial Nerve Superior Salivatory Nucleus Solitarius Spinal Nucleus of The Trigeminal Nerve

60. Cerebral Course

61. Motor Nucleus of Facial Nerve Facial Colliculus Superior Salivatory Nucleus Solitarius Spinal Nucleus of The Trigeminal Nerve

62. Nucleus Solitarius Motor Nucleus of Facial Nerve Superior Salivatory Nucleus Submandibular Ganglion Pterygopalatine Ganglion Proprioception

63. Cerebral Exit (Exit off The Brain)

64. Facial Nerve Motor Root Sensory Root (Nervous Intermedius)

65. Cranial Exit (Exit off The Skull)

66. Stylomastoid Foramen Facial Nerve

67. Course and Relations

68. 1- Inside The Skull

69. Middle Ear Cavity Internal Auditory Meatus Genu Stylomastoid Foramen

70. Semicircular Canals Cochlea Genu of Facial Nerve Facial Nerve Middle Ear Cavity

71. Facial Nerve Chorda Tympani Facial Canaliculus Facial Nerve

72. 2- Ouside The Skull

75. Branches of Facial Nerve

76. Greater Superficial Petrosal Tympanic Nerve Nerve to Stapedius Corda Tympani Posterior Auricular Nerve Descending Motor Branch Terminal Branches

77. Facial Palsy

82. Glossopharyngeal nerve

83. Definition and General Description

84. Vagus Nerve Facial Nerve Glossopharyngeal Nerve

85. Deep Origin (Nuclei) and Course in The Brain

86. Facial Nerve Vagus Glossopharyngeal Nerve 1- Nucleus Ambiguous Stylopharyngeus 2- Inferior Salivatory Nucleus 3- Nucleus Solitarius 4- Spinal Nucleus of Trigeminal Nerve soft palate tonsil Auricle Parotid Gland V3 otic ganglion lesser petrosal Nerve Tympanic Plexus Tongue auditory tube

87. 10 th 12 th Glossopharyngeal Nerve 11 th 1- Nucleus Ambiguous 2- Inferior Salivatory Nucleus 3- Nucleus Solitarius 4- Spinal Nucleus of Trigeminal Nerve olive

88. Cerebral Exit (Exit off The Brain)

89. Glossopharyngeal Nerve Olive Preolivary Fissure Pyramid 10 th 12 th 11 th

90. Branches of The Glossopharyngeal Nerve

91. Vagus Facial Nerve Glossopharyngeal Nerve 1- Tympanic Nerve (nerve of Jacopson) tympanic plexus lesser petrosal nerve Parotid Gland otic ganglion 2- Carotid Nerve 3- Nerve to Stylopharyngeus 4- Pharyngeal Branches 5- Tonsillar Branches 6- Lingual Branches

92. Vagus Nerve

93. 1- Parasympathetic Fibres (Heart, Bronchial Tree and Abdomen) 2- Visceral Motor Fibres 3- Visceral Sensory Fibres (Mucous Membrane of Viscera 4- Special Sense Fibers (Taste) 5- Somatic Sensory Fibres (Dura, Auricle and Tympanic Membrane

94. Deep Origin (Nuclei) and Course in The Brain

95. Dorsal Motor Nucleus of Vagus (Parasympathetic) Nuleus and Tractus Solitarius (Taste and Visceral Sensations) Nucleus Ambiguous (Motor) Spinal Nucleus and Tract of Trigeminal Nerve (General Sensation from Face) Vagus Nerve

96. Dorsal Nucleus of Vagus Spinal Nucleus and Tract of Trigeminal Nerve Olive Vagus Nerve Emerging Between Olive and Inferior Cerebellar Peduncles Nucleus Solitarius Nucleus Ambiguous

97. Cerebral Exit (Exit off The Brain)

98. Vagus Nerve Olive Accessory Nerve Pyramid Glossopharyngeal Nerve

99. Branches

100. Vagus Nerve 1- Meningeal Branch 2- Auricular Branch 3- Pharyngeal Branch 4- Superior Laryngeal Branch Pharyngeal Plexus 5- Carotid Branch 6- Cardiac Branches 7- Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve External Laryngeal Cricothyroid Muscle Internal Laryngeal Thyrohyoid Membrane

101. First Part of Subclavian Artery Vagus Nerve Right Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve

102. Injury of Vagus Nerves

103. Unilateral Paralysis Accumulation of Saliva and Food Paralyzed SideDuring Phonation Removal of Arytenoid Cartilage

104. Accessory nerve

105. Accessory Nerve Cranial Part vagus C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 Nucleus Ambiguous Spinal Part

106. Deep Origin (Nuclei) and Course in The Brain

107. Accessory Nerve Cranial Part vagus C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 Nucleus Ambiguous

108. 10 th 12 th 9 th Accessory Nerve Nucleus Ambiguous olive

109. Cerebral Exit (Exit off The Brain)

110. Accessory Nerve Olive Preolivary Fissure Pyramid 10 th 12 th 11 th 9 th

111. Branches of The Accessory Nerve

112. A- From The Cranial Part

113. Cranial Accessory Nerve Joins The Vagus Nerve At The Level of its Inferior Ganglion And Distributed Through Vagus (Recurrent Laryngeal Branch) Nucleus Ambiguous

114. B- From The Spinal Part

115. Spinal accesory nerve To Trapezius Muscle To Sternomastoid

116. Hypoglossal Nerve

117. Definition and General Description

118. It is the motor nerve of all muscles of the tongue EXCEPT The Palatoglossus Muscle Which is supplied by Vagus Nerve Geniohyoid Thyro- hyoid Hypoglossal Nucleus Sternohyoid Omohyoid Sternothyroid Hypoglossal Nerve

119. Deep Origin (Nuclei) and Course in The Brain

120. Hypoglossal Nucleus Hypoglossal Nerve Hypoglossal Trigone

121. Hypoglossal Nerve Nucleus Hypoglossal Nerve Fibers Passing Anteriorly Through Medulla Oblongata Olive Pyramid Hypoglossal Nerve Emerging Between Olive and Pyramid

122. Cerebral Exit (Exit off The Brain)

123. Rootlets of the Hypoglossal Nerve Olive Preolivary Fissure Pyramid

124. Cranial Course and Exit (Exit off The Skull)

125. The Hypoglossal Nerve Leaves The Skull Through The Anterior Condylar Canal (Hypoglossal Canal)

126. Hypoglossal Nerve Injury

127. Normal Healthy Tongue

128. Atrophy and Wrinkling of The Affected Side

129. The Tongue Points to The Affected Side Tongue Healthy Genioglissus Mandible Paralysed Genioglissus

131. The Cervical Sympathetic Trunk

132. General Discription and Formation

133. Cervical Part of Sympathetic Chain Superior Cervical Ganglion (At The Level of C2 and C3 Vertebrae) Middle Cervical Ganglion (At The Level of C6 Vertebra) Inferior Cervical Ganglion (Lies Between Transverse Process of C7 and First Rib) Fused with The First Thoracic Ganglion (Stellate Ganglion)

134. Upper 5 thoracic nerves White and Gray communicants Thoracic part of sympathetic chain Cervical part of sympathetic chain Superior cervical ganglion Middle cervical ganglion Inferior cervical ganglion

135. Injury of Cervical Sympathetic Chain

136. Horner’s Syndrome Ptosis Miosis Anhydrosis Flushing (Redness)

137. Scar on The Left Side of The Neck