1. Looking at Metalwork

2. What kinds of artwork are made from metal?

4. Key Term Repousse- a metalworking technique in which a sheet of metal has a design worked into it by pushing the metal in and out from both sides using a variety of tools.

5. Key Term Chasing- the pushing in of metal on the front of the design.

6.  Chasing is the opposite of Repousse.  (Repousse=Push out on back)  (Chasing=Push in on front)  Metal smiths use both of these techniques together on their pieces.

7.  The metal is stretched so the sheet remains intact with no loss of material.  In French repousse means “pushed out”.

8. Agamemnon's Funeral Mask  Repousse is a very old art form dating from ancient times.  Widely used with gold and silver for detailed works.  Copper and bronze were used for larger sculptures Gold Mycenaean Cup

9.  By the year 3000 B.C.E. semi- mass production techniques were introduced to avoid repetitive free-hand work.  Artisan’s could press sheets of gold into molds carved in intaglio into bone, metal or stone to more easily form a design.

10.  Patterned punches were introduced as early as 2000 BC. to texture the background and sharpen details and relief.  Early materials used to fill repousses included mud and resin in Egypt and beeswax in Ancient Greece.

12.  Revere was a goldsmith, an engraver, practiced repousses, and a publisher of historical and political cartoons.  He was a manufacturer of gunpowder, Church bells, and rolled copper. He even kept a hardware store in Boston, where he sold jewelry and picture frames.

13.  The largest repousse in the world is the Statue of Liberty.

14.  The copper of the Statue of Liberty was 2 inches thick.  It was heated first, then hammered.

15.  Portlandia is another famous repousse sculpture.  Located in Portland, Oregon.  It is the second largest copper repousse in the United States.

16.  King Tutankhamen's mask is a repousse made of gold.  Egyptians used gold because it was a close resource and the metal is soft.

17.  Repousse continues to be used to make decorative plaques and is a popular technique of making jewelry.