2. Substitute Care Why do we need it? Working parents Single parents with a full time job Parents feel children would benefit Relief from caring for child

3. TYPES OF CHILD CARE

4. Home based care Care in the child’s home In-home care Nanny can give stable care anytime. $$$ Nanny Nanny Au Pair provides care for a host family as part of a cultural exchange program Au Pair Play groups-parents take turns caring for children in their homes.

5. Family child care Caregiver has a small number of children in their home Some states require a license Some caregivers may have accreditation More flexible hours Follow less of a schedule

6. Center based care Several adults care for groups of children outside the home Businesses run for profit or non-profit. All must be licensed.

7. Center-Based Care Child care centers Parent cooperatives Preschools Child Laboratories Head Start Centers Benefits: Allows for same age interaction Develops learning and listening skills Promotes communication

8. Head Start: Federal Program for low Income Families Early Head Start Head Start Birth to 36 months In home care Center based 3 and 4 year olds Center based Provides grants to local public and private not- for-profit agencies to provide educational, health, nutritional, social, and other services to children and low income families

9. Montessori Schools Founded by Maria Montessori in early 1900’s Encourage young children to learn independently Most enter between 2 ½ - 3 years Children are not separated by age but grouped within 3 years Teachers guide children’s use of materials Sensory Learning Self-help Activities

10. Care for older children… Children 12 and under should not be left alone. May go to a neighbor or friend’s home Share care with other family’s Hire high school or college age students Before or after school programs. Community organizations may have camps for longer breaks.

11. School-age Child Care (SACC) Care for 5 – 14 year olds Most affiliated with schools or youth agencies Basic Goals Care (protection, shelter, food, and guidance) Recreation Diversion (crafts, drama, field trips, etc) Education (homework helps, lessons)

12. Choosing Substitute child care Child care needs to change as the child grows.

13. Regulations 3 Reasons some centers may not be high quality Covers housing, equipment, staff, services, and business operations, and fire safety Accredited Programs – met higher standards of quality 1) Regulations are minimum standards 2) Some regulations are easier to check than others 3) Some regulations are simply on record with little or no – reinforcement (due to number of centers, not checked as often)

14. Housing and Equipment Staff Depends on type of care Adequate space Should be safe and meet health standards - sanitary Differs by state Younger need more care = smaller ratio Older children can be larger groups Support Staff ( not in ratio) Directors Prepare meals clean

15. National Association for the Education of Young Children (NAEYC) Staff to children guidelines. Age#of staff#of children Infants 1 4 Toddlers 1 4-5 Preschoolers 1 10 Kindergartners 1 12 School age 1 15

16. Program Activities Developmentally Appropriate (DAP) Program Activities Knowledge about : Child Development Child’s Strengths, Needs, and Interests Social and Cultural backgrounds Promotes all areas of Development Day-to-Day Routines Language Math Science Social Creative Fun Motor Skills

17. Providing Child Care for Children with Special Needs Inclusion Some activities must be adapted Other Considerations  Costs are rising  Cost depends on type of program, hours, and ages

18. Choosing Child Care Look for : How many children are there? Is there a back-up plan? What if there is an emergency? Choosing Child Care The cost of child care Hidden added costs Hidden Cost Credits Sources of Information Libraries Community groups Internet What to look for… see page 560-561.

19. Helping Children Cope: Keep things casual Visit program If parents find a problem, immediately look for new placement Children’s safety and wellbeing is the primary concern!

20. www.childcarefinder.in.gov