1. A talk given by: Thomas GOIRAND GPLHost CEO & Debian Developer XCP, Openstack, Debian & the Cloud Released under the terms of the GFDL License, with no invariant and cover section. Copyleft is granted at the restriction that the original author shall appear in all copy of modified versions Some of the elements of this presentation have been taken from the one of others (Mike McClurg, Lars Kurth and others from Citrix, Why Xen from xen.org blog, etc.) An overview of the available solutions to run IaaS in Debian 7.0 (Wheezy). Debconf, Managua, Nicaragua, 2012 / 07 Open source hosting worldwide July 2012

2. Open source hosting worldwide Thomas Goirand (zigo), Debconf Managua, July 2012 XCP, Openstack, Debian & Cloud Overview of this talk ● About myself & GPLHost ● Why do we need open source in the Cloud ● Hypervisors for the cloud: available choices in Debian ● Xen overview and short history ● Openstack Essex in Debian ● XCP and Openstack

3. Open source hosting worldwide Thomas Goirand (zigo), Debconf Managua, July 2012 XCP, Openstack, Debian & Cloud Who is Thomas Goirand ● Debian Developer, 36 years old ● CEO and founder of GPLHost ● Main author of GPLHost inhouse hosting software (open source also) ● French guy living in Shanghai since 2006

4. Open source hosting worldwide Thomas Goirand (zigo), Debconf Managua, July 2012 XCP, Openstack, Debian & Cloud GPLHost in few words Open source applied to hosting: ● Since 2003 ● XEN VPS since 2005 Fast development: ● Support around the world ● 10 points of presence ● 3 companies (UK, SG, US) A unique software & hosting company: ● Open source software for hosting ● companies ● Development directly in Debian Sponsoring Debconf 2012 video relays in: Singapore, Seattle, Atlanta, UK, France, Swiss & Israel.

5. Open source hosting worldwide Thomas Goirand (zigo), Debconf Managua, July 2012 XCP, Openstack, Debian & Cloud What cloud computing? ● Not “another marketing word” as many pretend. Another way to deploy online services. ● Multiple meanings: IaaS (AWS, Asure, Openstack, XCP, Eucalyptus), PaaS (Facebook, Google app...), SaaS (Google docs...) ● This talk is only about IaaS stacks in Debian. ● To have Cloud computing you need all of these: ● On demand ● Self service ● Scalable ● Measurable

6. Open source hosting worldwide Thomas Goirand (zigo), Debconf Managua, July 2012 XCP, Openstack, Debian & Cloud Why delivering Open Source IaaS cloud software in Debian is important? ● Computing already moved to the cloud (eg: SaaS) Mail, micro-blog, social network, etc. ● This jeopardizes user freedom, once enjoyed on Desktop computers ● Debian advocates Free Software based IaaS ● Debian encourages users to run their own cloud ● Debian announced availability of both XCP and OpenStack in Debian 7.0 (code name: Wheezy) thanks to Zack.

7. Open source hosting worldwide Thomas Goirand (zigo), Debconf Managua, July 2012 XCP, Openstack, Debian & Cloud Hypervisors: what's that? ● The thing that runs your VM ● Is like a “PC Emulator” ● Foundation stone of cloud computing

8. Open source hosting worldwide Thomas Goirand (zigo), Debconf Managua, July 2012 XCP, Openstack, Debian & Cloud Hypervisors: which one can I use in Debian to do cloud computing? ● No cloud computing stack currently in Debian implements a hypervisor, they are only client-side ● Many competing projects, all in Debian: ● Xen ● KVM ● Virtualbox ● Qemu ● Libraries to access remote stacks: ● - VMWare (proprietary) ● - Amazon EC2 (proprietary) ● - libvirt ● Openstack can also use containers instead of VMs: ● LXC

9. Open source hosting worldwide Thomas Goirand (zigo), Debconf Managua, July 2012 XCP, Openstack, Debian & Cloud Hypervisors: is Xen a good choice? ● Used by most cloud providers (AWS, Rackspace, etc.) ● Integrated in the Linux upstream kernel ● Very nice, clean interface (xenstored & libraries) ● Good (best?) OS isolation model (see later slides)

10. Open source hosting worldwide Thomas Goirand (zigo), Debconf Managua, July 2012 XCP, Openstack, Debian & Cloud Hypervisor architecture: ESXi

11. Open source hosting worldwide Thomas Goirand (zigo), Debconf Managua, July 2012 XCP, Openstack, Debian & Cloud Hypervisor architecture: KVM

12. Open source hosting worldwide Thomas Goirand (zigo), Debconf Managua, July 2012 XCP, Openstack, Debian & Cloud Hypervisor architecture: Xen

13. Open source hosting worldwide Thomas Goirand (zigo), Debconf Managua, July 2012 XCP, Openstack, Debian & Cloud On the containers side ● OpenVZ and vserver not available anymore in Wheezy ● LXC now the only container option ● Openstack can use LXC experimentally

14. Open source hosting worldwide Thomas Goirand (zigo), Debconf Managua, July 2012 XCP, Openstack, Debian & Cloud Oct ‘03 Xen Presented at SOSP Nov ‘02 Xen Repository Published ‘09‘11 XCP Announced XCP 1.x Kronos Cloud Management ‘08‘06 Amazon EC2 and Slicehost launched Rackspace Cloud Late 90s XenoServer Project (Cambridge Univ.) A BRIEF HISTORY OF XEN Dom0 support upstreamed in Linux 3.0+

15. Open source hosting worldwide Thomas Goirand (zigo), Debconf Managua, July 2012 XCP, Openstack, Debian & Cloud Disambiguation: what are XenServer, XCP and Kronos? XenServer: Commercial software sold by Citrix Based on CentOS XCP: CentOS Based appliance, an ISO to download and setup Project Kronos: A packaged version of XCP in Debian and Ubuntu (and later, in other distributions) apt-get install xcp-xapi

16. Open source hosting worldwide Thomas Goirand (zigo), Debconf Managua, July 2012 XCP, Openstack, Debian & Cloud XCP in Debian ● How did this happen? (started last year in April) ● Packaging in Debian is easier than maintaining a customized (CentOS) ISO image. ● Citrix developers (Mike and Jon) have been extremely cooperative and friendly: big up! ● Goal reached, included in Wheezy: still important but non RC bugs to fix before the release: see BTS and contribute fixes!

17. Open source hosting worldwide Thomas Goirand (zigo), Debconf Managua, July 2012 XCP, Openstack, Debian & Cloud XCP in CentOS vs Kronos (Debian and Ubuntu): differences

18. Open source hosting worldwide Thomas Goirand (zigo), Debconf Managua, July 2012 XCP, Openstack, Debian & Cloud Architecture of XCP Complete vertical stack for server virtualization: can be used standalone Open source distribution of Citrix XenServer Extends Xen functionality beyond one physical machine

19. Open source hosting worldwide Thomas Goirand (zigo), Debconf Managua, July 2012 XCP, Openstack, Debian & Cloud XCP pooling of physical hosts and VM storage repositories ● xe: A new shell toolstack replacing xm or xl ● Once the master node is setup, others can join a pool of compute nodes ● Storage can be attached/linked to a specific node, XCP will use the “closest” one. ● Multiple storage types (ext, lvm, iscsi, etc.) ● Jon Ludlam currently working on storage motion.

20. Open source hosting worldwide Thomas Goirand (zigo), Debconf Managua, July 2012 XCP, Openstack, Debian & Cloud XCP in practice: a simple shell script to create a Debian VM #!/bin/sh set -e template=$(xe template-list \ name-label="Debian Squeeze 6.0 (64-bit)" --minimal) vm=$(xe vm-install \ template=$template new-name-label=managua-2012) network=$(xe network-list bridge=xenbr0 --minimal) vif=$(xe vif-create \ vm-uuid=$vm network-uuid=$network device=0) xe vm-param-set uuid=$vm \ other-config:install-repository=http://ftp.ni.debian.org/debian xe vm-memory-limits-set \ static-min=1024MiB static-max=1024MiB \ dynamic-min=1024MiB dynamic-max=1024MiB vm=$vm xe vm-start uuid=$vm

21. Open source hosting worldwide Thomas Goirand (zigo), Debconf Managua, July 2012 XCP, Openstack, Debian & Cloud XCP in practice: OpenXenManager GUI ● The ESXi killer? ● Clone of the Citrix product ● called Xen Manager

22. Open source hosting worldwide Thomas Goirand (zigo), Debconf Managua, July 2012 XCP, Openstack, Debian & Cloud Open vSwitch Software switch, similar to: VMware vNetwork Distributed Switch (commercial) Cisco Nexus 1000V (commercial) Distribution agnostic. Plugs right into Linux kernel. (DKMS) Reuses existing Linux kernel networking subsystems: iptables (v4 + v6), brtables, arptables Backwards-compatible with traditional userspace tools. Free and Open Source http://openvswitch.org/http://openvswitch.org/ Multi-tenancy Used by both Openstack and XCP

23. Open source hosting worldwide Thomas Goirand (zigo), Debconf Managua, July 2012 XCP, Openstack, Debian & Cloud When using XCP & Openstack together ● XCP is - Best way for Xen & OpenStack (Xen with libvirt is untested) - low level, OpenStack = API + high level ● OpenStack brings EC2 and S3 API compatibility (XCP doesn't have it) ● Despite the buzz about Citrix focussing on CloudStack, Citrix actively working on OpenStack (California team) ● The setup with Xen + openstack is more complex than with KVM and libvirt.

24. Open source hosting worldwide Thomas Goirand (zigo), Debconf Managua, July 2012 XCP, Openstack, Debian & Cloud Setting-up Openstack ● Not even enough: this is a Cactus release graph ● Now, add Quantum, Keystone and others in the mix

25. Open source hosting worldwide Thomas Goirand (zigo), Debconf Managua, July 2012 XCP, Openstack, Debian & Cloud XCP and Openstack

26. Open source hosting worldwide Thomas Goirand (zigo), Debconf Managua, July 2012 XCP, Openstack, Debian & Cloud Future of Openstack and XCP in Debian Openstack maintained by a team of more than 4 people: ● Ghe Rivero ● Julien Danjou acid@debian.org ● Loic Dachary loic@enovance.com ● Thomas Goirand zigo@debian.org ● Even more contributors XCP packages maintained by Citrix directly and myself (zigo@debian.org) Currently, very complicated setup More Debconf work to ease the setup We aim at ease of setup without the need of howtos We Targeted Openstack 2012.4 (Essex) and XCP 1.3 packaging in Debian 7.0 (Wheezy)

27. Open source hosting worldwide Thomas Goirand (zigo), Debconf Managua, July 2012 XCP, Openstack, Debian & Cloud Other open source cloud stacks not packaged in Debian Wheezy Open Nebula (ruby) Cloud Stack (java) … RFP: It would be nice to have more IaaS stacks packaged in Debian. :)

28. Open source hosting worldwide Thomas Goirand (zigo), Debconf Managua, July 2012 XCP, Openstack, Debian & Cloud Contribute ● Documentation (really needed) ● Testing (before Wheezy is released) ● Bug reports (http://bugs.debian.org) ● Join packaging project lists: pkg-xen-devel@lists.alioth.debian.org openstack-devel@lists.alioth.debian.org

29. Open source hosting worldwide Thomas Goirand (zigo), Debconf Managua, July 2012 XCP, Openstack, Debian & Cloud Q&A ● WTF? ● I don't get it... ● Why, but why? ● Yes but... ● I don't agree! This presentation is available at: http:// gplhost.com/debconf12.odp