1. Kick Off Meeting of the contracts TW5-TSS-SEA5.6., TW5-TSS-SEA5.5.D8-9 - CEA Cadarache. October 26th, 2005 Associazione EURATOM ENEA sulla FUSIONE Task TW5-TSS-SEA5.5. D8-9 Validation of safety computer codes & models KOM of the contracts TW5-TSS- SEA5.6., TW5-TSS-SEA5.5. D8-9 PACTITER in support and later against experiments on CORELE facility Luigi Di Pace - ENEA C.R. Frascati CEA-Cadarache; October 26, 2005

2. Kick Off Meeting of the contracts TW5-TSS-SEA5.6., TW5-TSS-SEA5.5.D8-9 - CEA Cadarache. October 26th, 2005 Associazione EURATOM ENEA sulla FUSIONE 2 Outline PACTITER v2.1 / PACTOLE v2.0 simulations; Comparison of PACTITER v2.1/PACTOLE v2.0 predictions with experiments (activity year 2004); PACTITER in support and later against experiments on CORELE facility (activity for years 2005-2006) (TW5-TSS-SEA5.5. D8-9) Conclusions.

3. Kick Off Meeting of the contracts TW5-TSS-SEA5.6., TW5-TSS-SEA5.5.D8-9 - CEA Cadarache. October 26th, 2005 Associazione EURATOM ENEA sulla FUSIONE 3 CORELE-2 Loop Scheme Regenerative HXs Step 2. Step 1. CORELE loop Pressurizer Pump Tank Chemistry Control Heater Sampling Auxiliary HXs Resins 1. Irradiation of test tube in OSIRIS; Coolant flows at minimum speed through test section; Time = 480 minutes 2. Test simulation; coolant flowing through section A; Time = 14 days or 15 days PACTITER model The model consists of 30 zones. The coolant inventory is 0.07 m 3 and the total wetted surface is 15.29 m 2. Also the zones made of polypropylene simulated by Zircalloy

4. Kick Off Meeting of the contracts TW5-TSS-SEA5.6., TW5-TSS-SEA5.5.D8-9 - CEA Cadarache. October 26th, 2005 Associazione EURATOM ENEA sulla FUSIONE 4 CORELE 2004 experiments data Composition of the test tube material (SS316L) different from the ITER reference one SS316L(N)-IG Material composition [wt %] CORELE TEST 2004 MATRIX ITER 2004- 01ITER 2004-02ITER 2004-03 SE1SE2SE1SE2SE3SE4 insertNo insertinsertNo insertinsertNo insert Operating conditions150 °C / 150 bar100 °C / 150 bar100 °C / 120 bar Flow rate (30°C) m3/h0.9670.7640.9040.7430.904 0.786 Flow rate (test T) m3/h1.0410.8221.0020.7660.934 0.812 Kinetic v (m/s)4.1121.0193.9570.953.689 1.006 Duration (hours)353323335 FeNiCoCrMnMoCuSCNSiP CORELE SS316L tubes (av. comp.) 67.4011.200.09316.771.642.060.290.01000.01200.070.40.031 ITER 316L(N)-IG 64.7512.250.05017.501.802.500.300.00750.02250.070.50.025 CORELE 2004 Test Matrix

5. Kick Off Meeting of the contracts TW5-TSS-SEA5.6., TW5-TSS-SEA5.5.D8-9 - CEA Cadarache. October 26th, 2005 Associazione EURATOM ENEA sulla FUSIONE 5 CORELE 2004 experiments data CORELE results ITER 2004- 01ITER 2004-02ITER 2004-03 Operating conditions 150 °C / 150bar 100 °C / 150bar 100 °C / 120bar O2 target concentration (ppb) <20 O2 (ppb) 4.15  O 2  22.59  O 2  24 H 2 target concentration (cc/kg) 25 à 30 H 2 (cc/kg) 23.7<H 2 <2623.5<H 2 <25.5 Li (ppm) ≤ 0.2≤ 0.18 Li measured (ppm) 0.210.1950.23 PH 25°C measured mean value 7.97.79.2 PH test temperature (estimation)5.65.97.5 CORELE 2004 test water chemistry

6. Kick Off Meeting of the contracts TW5-TSS-SEA5.6., TW5-TSS-SEA5.5.D8-9 - CEA Cadarache. October 26th, 2005 Associazione EURATOM ENEA sulla FUSIONE 6 CORELE 2004 experiments data Simultaneous conditions of Li content and pH not reproducible in PACTOLE v2.0 /PACTITER v2.1 [Pothy correlations] POTHY predictionsH2 (cc/kg) = 25 Li (ppm)pH 25°CpH 100 °CpH 150°C 07.01 6.145.82 5.00E-037.88 6.345.92 5.30E-037.9 6.355.93 1.00E-028.17 6.516.02 2.00E-028.47 6.766.19 5.00E-028.87 7.136.52 7.00E-029.02 7.286.65 1.00E-019.17 7.436.8 1.06E-019.2 7.466.83 1.10E-019.21 7.476.85 1.50E-019.35 7.616.98 2.10E-019.49 7.757.12 2.30E-019.53 7.797.16

7. Kick Off Meeting of the contracts TW5-TSS-SEA5.6., TW5-TSS-SEA5.5.D8-9 - CEA Cadarache. October 26th, 2005 Associazione EURATOM ENEA sulla FUSIONE 7 PACTITERv2.1 / PACTOLE v2.0 simulations PACTITER v2.1. used for simulating CORELE experiments; Simulation repeated by PACTOLE v2.0. (SS/water system of PWR). T [°C]v [m/s]Li [ppm] pH 25°CPOROS oxide open porosity 1000.631.013.693.69*0.007.0140%80% 1000.631.013.693.69*0.079.0240%80% 1000.631.013.693.69*0.1069.2040%80% 1500.711.024.114.11*0.007.0140%80% 1500.711.024.114.11*0.00537.9040%80% PACTITER v2.1/PACTOLE 2.0 simulation matrix * With tube insert; different Re Number; larger for full section of about 1 order of magnitude (factor ~ 6).

8. Kick Off Meeting of the contracts TW5-TSS-SEA5.6., TW5-TSS-SEA5.5.D8-9 - CEA Cadarache. October 26th, 2005 Associazione EURATOM ENEA sulla FUSIONE 8 Influence of fluid T; T  - R r  (R r = release rate) Influence of fluid velocity; v  - R r  Influence of water chemistry; pH  - R r  Influence of pipe surface oxide layer porosity (POROS); POROS  - R r  No remarkable difference in R r using tube geometry with or w/o Zr insert. Different Re Number modelled only by changing related velocity (Re= v·D h / ); Difference between PACTITER v2.1 vs. PACTOLE v2.0 results within -19% + 17%. Larger R r for PACTITER, only when Li = 0 ppm. MAIN FINDINGS PACTITER v2.1 / PACTOLE v2.0 simulations

9. Kick Off Meeting of the contracts TW5-TSS-SEA5.6., TW5-TSS-SEA5.5.D8-9 - CEA Cadarache. October 26th, 2005 Associazione EURATOM ENEA sulla FUSIONE 9 PACTITER v2.1 / PACTOLE v2.0 simulations Comparison PACTITER v2.1 vs. PACTOLE v2.0 (POROS = 0.4) Only tube geometry without Zr insert

10. Kick Off Meeting of the contracts TW5-TSS-SEA5.6., TW5-TSS-SEA5.5.D8-9 - CEA Cadarache. October 26th, 2005 Associazione EURATOM ENEA sulla FUSIONE 10 CORELE 2004 experiments results CORELE tests simulated by PACTITER v2.1/PACTOLE v2.0 335 353 Duration (h) 2.85.76E+041001.0062004-03 SE4 0.8 (*) 3.62E+041003.6892004-03 SE3 insert 36.8.57E+041501.0192004-01 SE2 22.5.93E+041504.112 2004-01 SE1 insert TotalRe Number T (°C) v (m/s) TEST (*) value in the CEA Final Technical Report

11. Kick Off Meeting of the contracts TW5-TSS-SEA5.6., TW5-TSS-SEA5.5.D8-9 - CEA Cadarache. October 26th, 2005 Associazione EURATOM ENEA sulla FUSIONE 11 Comparison of PACTITER v2.1/PACTOLE v2.0 predictions with experiments TESTv (m/s) T (°C) ReCORELE Rr [mg/(dm 2  mo)] PACTITER Rr [mg/(dm 2  mo.)] POROS=0.4 pH25=7.9 PACTOLE Rr [mg/(dm 2  mo.)] POROS=0.4 pH25=7.9 2004-01 SE1 4.111505.93E4 22.30.10 34.10 2004-01 SE2 1.021508.57E4 36.14.9017.50 TESTv (m/s) T (°C) ReCORELE Rr [mg/(dm 2  mo)] PACTITER Rr [mg/(dm 2  mo.)] POROS=0.4 pH25=9.2 PACTOLE Rr [mg/(dm 2  mo.)] POROS=0.4 pH25=9.2 2004-03 SE3 3.691003.62E4 0.8 4.024.23 2004-03 SE4 1.011005.76E4 2.8 1.551.64

12. Kick Off Meeting of the contracts TW5-TSS-SEA5.6., TW5-TSS-SEA5.5.D8-9 - CEA Cadarache. October 26th, 2005 Associazione EURATOM ENEA sulla FUSIONE 12 Comparison of PACTITER v2.1/PACTOLE v2.0 predictions with experiments Different results between codes and experiments; increasing fluid velocity, the release rate decreases in experiments and increases according to the codes. Comparison of codes vs. experiments (POROS = 0.4)

13. Kick Off Meeting of the contracts TW5-TSS-SEA5.6., TW5-TSS-SEA5.5.D8-9 - CEA Cadarache. October 26th, 2005 Associazione EURATOM ENEA sulla FUSIONE 13 Comparison of PACTITER v2.1/PACTOLE v2.0 predictions with experiments It was argued a dependence of Rr from Re Number; Check of SS316L Rr vs. Re Number using full section tube geometry; To simulate lower Re Number, typical of CORELE tests at larger fluid velocity, (obtained reducing the flow area by a Zr insert), it was necessary to simulate cases with v < 1 m/s; The results obtained confirmed the dependency of SS316L release rate from Re; larger Re => larger Rr.

14. Kick Off Meeting of the contracts TW5-TSS-SEA5.6., TW5-TSS-SEA5.5.D8-9 - CEA Cadarache. October 26th, 2005 Associazione EURATOM ENEA sulla FUSIONE 14 Comparison of PACTITER v2.1/PACTOLE v2.0 predictions with experiments TESTT (°C) ReCORELE Rr [mg/(dm 2  mo)] PACTITER Rr [mg/(dm 2  mo.)] POROS=0.4 pH25=7.9 PACTOLE Rr [mg/(dm 2  mo.)] POROS=0.4 pH25=7.9 2004-01 SE1 1505.93E4 22.011.7013.9013.90 2004-01 SE2 1508.57E4 36.014.9017.50 - 1503.45E5 -31.0035.00 TESTT (°C) ReCORELE Rr [mg/(dm 2  mo)] PACTITER Rr [mg/(dm 2  mo.)] POROS=0.4 pH25=9.2 PACTOLE Rr [mg/(dm 2  mo.)] POROS=0.4 pH25=9.2 2004-03 SE3 1003.62E4 0.8 1.051.12 2004-03 SE4 1005.76E4 2.8 1.551.64 - 1002.11E5 - 4.484.71

15. Kick Off Meeting of the contracts TW5-TSS-SEA5.6., TW5-TSS-SEA5.5.D8-9 - CEA Cadarache. October 26th, 2005 Associazione EURATOM ENEA sulla FUSIONE 15 Comparison of PACTITER v2.1/PACTOLE v2.0 predictions with experiments Fair agreement between codes and experiments, better at T = 100 °C; increasing Re Number, SS316L release rate increases both in experiments and in code simulations. Comparison of codes vs. experiments (POROS = 0.4)

16. Kick Off Meeting of the contracts TW5-TSS-SEA5.6., TW5-TSS-SEA5.5.D8-9 - CEA Cadarache. October 26th, 2005 Associazione EURATOM ENEA sulla FUSIONE 16 Comparison of PACTITERv2.1/PACTOLEv2.0 predictions with experiments As shown before, some other water chemistry conditions and another oxide open porosity were simulated by PACTITER v2.1 and PACTOLE v2.0; The best fit obtained was for pH 25°C =9.2 and POROS = 0.4 (40%) for tests at T=100°C, and for pH 25°C =7.9 and POROS = 0.8 (80%) for tests at T=150°C;

17. Kick Off Meeting of the contracts TW5-TSS-SEA5.6., TW5-TSS-SEA5.5.D8-9 - CEA Cadarache. October 26th, 2005 Associazione EURATOM ENEA sulla FUSIONE 17 Comparison of PACTITER v2.1/PACTOLE v2.0 predictions with experiments Comparison of codes vs. experiments (best fit). Case with POROS = 0.8, for T=100°C, provided a very good fit for fluid velocity (v = 1.01 m/s, Re = 5.77E4); while the fit was poor for the case with lower v (v =0.63 m/s, Re = 3.62E4).

18. Kick Off Meeting of the contracts TW5-TSS-SEA5.6., TW5-TSS-SEA5.5.D8-9 - CEA Cadarache. October 26th, 2005 Associazione EURATOM ENEA sulla FUSIONE 18 Task TW5-TSS-SEA5.5 D8-9 Simulation of complementary tests on CORELE loop (D8): –Pre-tests calculations in support of CORELE experiment at T = 200°C on SS316L; –Post-test calculations of this CORELE experiment; –Preliminary calculations (PACTITER V2.1) to simulate Cu-Cr-Zr alloy release rate experiments.

19. Kick Off Meeting of the contracts TW5-TSS-SEA5.6., TW5-TSS-SEA5.5.D8-9 - CEA Cadarache. October 26th, 2005 Associazione EURATOM ENEA sulla FUSIONE 19 Task TW5-TSS-SEA5.5 D8-9 Use of the new version (V3.1) of the PACTITER code (D9): –Acquainting activity in order to start the using of the new version of PACTITER code (V3.1); –Analysis of one of the ITER PHTS cooling loop with PACTITER V3.1 and comparison with the previous results obtained by PACTITER v2.1.

20. Kick Off Meeting of the contracts TW5-TSS-SEA5.6., TW5-TSS-SEA5.5.D8-9 - CEA Cadarache. October 26th, 2005 Associazione EURATOM ENEA sulla FUSIONE 20 Task TW5-TSS-SEA5.5 D8-9 Deliverable 8; how it will be performed: –In order to provide preliminary information to CEA on scheduled tests in the CORELE loop, aimed to get release rate of SS316 L required for PACTITER V3.1 in an operating ITER range of temperature not yet studied (150°C-240°C), pre-tests calculations by PACTITER V2.1 will be performed to simulate the experiment at T = 200°C. The purpose is to provide the time scale required for this new experiment, supposed to last longer to counterbalance the radiological decay of the re-used 2004 tubes. Secondary purpose is to complete the predictions by PACTITER V2.1 at T=200 °C, typical of VV loop baking. –Afterwards post test calculations will be performed on the basis of the exact test conditions. –Preliminary calculations will be carried out on simulation of Cu-Cr- Zr alloy release rate experiments.

21. Kick Off Meeting of the contracts TW5-TSS-SEA5.6., TW5-TSS-SEA5.5.D8-9 - CEA Cadarache. October 26th, 2005 Associazione EURATOM ENEA sulla FUSIONE 21 Task TW5-TSS-SEA5.5 D8-9 Deliverable 9; how it will be performed: –As soon as the new release of the PACTITER V3.1 will be made available from CEA, a get-acquainted activity will be performed with the support of CEA in order to start using the new version of PACTITER code. –One of the ITER PHTS cooling loop will be analysed again using PACTITER V3.1 and the results will be compared with the previous one calculated by PACTITER V2.1.

22. Kick Off Meeting of the contracts TW5-TSS-SEA5.6., TW5-TSS-SEA5.5.D8-9 - CEA Cadarache. October 26th, 2005 Associazione EURATOM ENEA sulla FUSIONE 22 Task TW5-TSS-SEA5.5 D8-9 Time schedule: Task Deliverables Assoc.Del No.DescriptionDue Date * VR1Specification of the test from ThAI facility, which will be used for the validation activity of INTRA 31-mar-05 ENEA2Report on the specification of the validation activity for ANITA31-mar-05 ENEA3Final report on 2005, CONSEN validation effort against EVITA experiment31-dec-05 CEA4Final report on 2005, PAXITR validation effort against EVITA experiment31-dec-05 FZK5Final report on 2005, MAGS validation effort against EVITA experiment31-dec-05 VR6Final report on 2005, INTRA validation effort31-dec-05 ENEA7Final report on 2005, ANITA validation effort agianst FNG and Kalsruhe Isocyclotron experiments 31-dec-05 ENEA8Perform pre-test calculations with PACTITER V2.1 to provide information on the scheduled (in 2005) CORELE experiment at T = 200°C on SS316L, in particular to define its time scale. Perform post-test calculations of this CORELE experiment. Perform preliminary calculations by PACTITER V2.1 on simulation of Cu-Cr-Zr alloy release rate experiments. 30-6-06 ENEA9Acquainting activity in order to start the using of the new version of PACTITER code (V3.1). Analysis of one of the ITER PHTS cooling loop with PACTITER V3.1 and comparison with the previous results obtained by PACTITER v2.1. 31-6-06

23. Kick Off Meeting of the contracts TW5-TSS-SEA5.6., TW5-TSS-SEA5.5.D8-9 - CEA Cadarache. October 26th, 2005 Associazione EURATOM ENEA sulla FUSIONE 23 Conclusions The simulation of CORELE 2004 experiments provided encouraging results, when it is used Re Number to correlate the SS316L release rate instead of fluid velocity; Best fit results was for pH 25°C =9.2 and POROS = 40% for tests at T = 100 °C, and for pH 25°C =7.9 and POROS = 80% for tests at T = 150 °C; Not correspondence between pH and Li measured according to chemistry model in PACTITER and PACTOLE (Pothy model);

24. Kick Off Meeting of the contracts TW5-TSS-SEA5.6., TW5-TSS-SEA5.5.D8-9 - CEA Cadarache. October 26th, 2005 Associazione EURATOM ENEA sulla FUSIONE 24 Conclusions (continued) In addition to the work program described in the task summary sheets of TW5-TSS-SEA5.6., TW5- TSS-SEA5.5.D8-9 there is a proposal for a joint paper to be published in a scientific magazine (e.g. Fusion Engineering and Design), starting from the works presented at the recent EUROCORR 2005 (Lisbon, Sep. 2005). The focus of the paper should be on two aspects: development and use of PACTITER for ITER safety analyses and experiments in support of PACTITER code development and validation.