1. CS3: Model for Efficient Water Management at Local Level in Urban/ Peri-Urban Areas A Case Study – Water Management In Kigali City, Rwanda 6 th April, 2016 INDIA WATER WEEK-2016 By R. K. Agrawal Senior General Manager

2. Contents Case study- Kigali city Kigali’s National Regional Context Illustration of Kigali’s Urban Development Population Growth Present Day Scenario Of Water Supply Proposed Improvements Proposed model for efficient and sustainable water management

3. Case Study- Kigali City Kigali town selected being a growing town Capital city of Rwanda Water supply system based on river water High rate population growth– 4.84 % per annum Set up in year 1907 as a small colonial out post. Present area of Kigali- 730 sq.km Abundant natural water reservoir with rivers, springs and annual rainfall -1300 mm. Undulating topography

4. Kigali’s National Regional Context Location of Kigali - geographic center of the country West of Kigali lies the Western Province, which is bordered by Lake Kivu and DR Congo. North of Kigali lies the Northern Province, which is bordered by DR Congo and Uganda. East of Kigali lies the Eastern Province, which is bordered by Tanzania Southern part of the Eastern Province by Burundi Kigali Burundi Uganda DR Congo Lake Kivu Tanzania

5. Illustration of Kigali’s Urban Development

6. Bird View of Kigali’s Urban Development A view of Kigali City Kigali International Airport Kigali City Tower Kigali’s Special Economic Zone

7. Population Growth

8. Present Day Scenario Of Water Supply- Kigali Sources Three main water sources – Yanze River Nyabarongo River Lake Mugesera Besides these 3 sources, some of the residents get water from springs. Reservoir at Kabuga Reservoir at Chezlando

9. Three Water Treatment Plants Kimisagara Water Treatment Plant (WTP)  30-year-old plant - raw water from Yanze River  Design capacity - 25 MLD Nyabarongo / Nozove WTP  Current capacity - 24 MLD  Proposed Capacity - 80 MLD Karenge WTP  Raw water supply - Lake Mugesera  Design capacity - 15 MLD Kimisagar a WTP Nozove WTP Present Day Scenario Of Water Supply- Kigali (contd..)

10. Water Sources for supplying raw water to WTP Present Day Scenario Of Water Supply- Kigali (contd..) NYABARONGO WTP KIMISAGARA WTP KARENGE WTP

11. RESERVOIRS The maximum level difference between WTP and the consumer is about 500m. So 103 reservoirs have been executed to boost or supply water. Present Day Scenario Of Water Supply- Kigali (contd..)

12. Pipe line Total pipe laid - 1246.35 km Three type of pipe line laid Primary – Rising mains -263.28 Km with DI/CI/GI/PVC Secondary-Supply Mains 274.88 Km with GI/DI/PVC Tertiary –Distribution- 708.18 Km with PVC/CI/GI/DI Supply Rate Huge variation is supply rate High income group demand -200-225 lpcd Low income group demand -10-15 lpcd

13. COVERAGE About 60% of the town is covered with piped water supply Remaining population still dependant upon rivers springs of town. Present demand of water supply – 116 MLD Present production capacity – 65 MLD Water demand gap – 51 MLD Futuristic Water Demand Inlet box of Sedimentation Tank Present Day Scenario Of Water Supply- Kigali (contd..) YearProposed Water Demand (MLD) 2025200 2040344

14. To select proper daily water allowance for all type of consumers Creation of additional water treatment plants to improve upon water production Creation of additional reservoirs on mount Kigali, the highest peak in Kigali to receive additional water and then supply water from Mount Kigali to other reservoirs Replace /improve upon existing pipeline as per design To provide water supply in uncovered areas by laying new pipeline To impart training to staff and WASAC To suggest improvement in existing system for its optimization of capacity Proposed Improvements

15. Proposed Model for Efficient and Sustainable Water Management Town Selection Studies Data Modelling and Gap Analysis Awareness Building Capacity Building Best Practice Study Community Mobilization NGO signup Trust Building Activities Participatory Planning Implementation Setting up O & M systems Institutional set up Project Support Unit Intervention Design Financing Monitoring Community Contributions Preparatory Phase Foundation Phase Planning and Design Phase Implementation Phase O & M Phase Group Creation and Training