1. The Cold War, The Korean War, & The Vietnam War SS5h7 & SS5H8

2. The Cold War Before World War II, there was tension between the Soviet Union and the United States. The countries disagreed about economics (money) and government. The United States believed in a free market, or capitalism, where business owners controlled the economy. The Soviet Union believed in a Communism approach, where the government owns all the stores, farms, banks, utilities, etc. For government, the United States believed in a democracy, where people vote for representatives to make laws. The Soviet Union believed in a dictatorship, where there was one absolute ruler. The United States wanted an “open door policy” to trade with other Nations, but the Soviet Union did not support capitalism and democracy.

3. The Cold War 12 allied nations – Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Iceland, Italy, Luxembourg, The Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, United Kingdom, and the United States – signed a treaty to begin NATO – the NORTH ATLANTIC TREATY ORGANIZATION. These 12 countries supported democracy. Poland, Czechoslovakia, Albania, Bulgaria, Hungary, Romania, Yugoslavia, and East Germany were in Soviet Union control called the Eastern Bloc. They signed the Warsaw Pact in which they agreed to be under the control of the Soviet Union. Winston Churchill of Great Britain called this divide among the countries the “iron curtain” because it separated the countries who supported democracy from the countries who supported communism.

4. The Cold War Americans soon began to fear the spread of communism to the United States. Senator Joseph McCarthy moved to get rid of communism out of the United States – people accused of supporting communism lost their jobs, friends, and even some were arrested. Eventually this “witch hunt” ended, but not before extreme actions.

5. The Cold War The United States began to develop nuclear weapons in 1945 at the end of WWII. The Soviet Union developed an atom bomb in 1949. There was no direct war, but this race was referred to as The Cold War. Neither country wanted to use bombs on each other, but neither wanted to end the race. The Cuban Missile Crisis began as Nikita Khrushchev, leader of the Soviet Union during 1953 to 1964 began to challenge the United States to nuclear war. They started sending and building secret bases in Cuba, and the U.S. thought they were going to attack at Cuba. John F. Kennedy, president during this time, ordered a U.S. blockade to stop the attacks from happening. Tensions between the “iron curtain” countries lasted until 1991 when the Soviet Union disbanded. Cold War Brain Pop

6. The Korean War North Korea invaded South Korea in 1950. North Korea were communists. The Korean War was fought between the two countries. The United States sent troops to help South Korea fight North Korea. The Korean war was very violent, and hundreds of thousands of people died. Over 36,500 U.S. soldiers were killed in the conflict. A truce was reached in 1953. To this day, North Korea is Communist. South Korea is democratic. Korean War Brain Pop

7. The Vietnam War The United States tried to keep other countries from falling to communism. The United States were training the men in the South Vietnamese to fight Communists. By 1963, there were close to 17,000 soldiers in Vietnam. The United States began engaging in full combat in Vietnam until there were more than 500,000 soldiers there. More than 58,000 U.S. troops were killed during the Vietnam War. By 1973, because of political protests in the 1960’s and 1970’s in the United States, the U.S. withdrew from the war and went back to America. South Vietnam fell to the communists in 1975. Brain Pop on Vietnam War The Vietnam War: 1962, 1964, 1968 and 1972

8. Political Cartoon Review

13. Let’s Review Jeopardy Over 3 Wars Communism Brain Pop