2. Date: March 16, 2016 Aim #62: How is DNA transcribed and translated? HW: 1)DNA Replication Worksheet 2)Human Phys. Unit 7b Packet due Friday (March 18 th ) –Don’t forget Castle Learning! –Human Phys Fridays!! Weekly Human Phys Review in Room 142 with yours truly 3)Genetics Test next Tuesday (p.5) & Wednesday (p.1 & p.7)!! Do Now: Warm-Up Notebook DateTitle of Activity Page # 3/16DNA-Label it! 107

3. Aim #62- How is DNA transcribed and translated?

4. Morse Code.. /.-.. ---...-. / _..... __ _. dot short sound - dash long sound http://www.philtulga.com/m orse.html 1 st Copy code 2 nd Translate code

5. Replication is not DNA’s only job! Coded copy change

6. Transcription & Translation 1) Transcription- process by which a DNA template is used to produce a single-stranded RNA molecule. 2) Translation- process by which an RNA molecule is used to direct the production of a chain of specific amino acids.

7. 3) Central Dogma Genotype- sequence of bases in DNA Phenotype- proteins determine our appearance (traits) & functioning of our cells.

8. Where in the cell do they happen? Nucleus Cytoplasm

9. 6) First the genetic code needs to get TRANSCRIBED into mRNA: The DNA base sequence needs to get copied into messenger RNA m

10. 7) Why do we need a copy of the DNA? The DNA are the main instructions found in the nucleus, they can not leave the nucleus. Why not? Too large!

11. 8) How is DNA transcribed into mRNA? Transcription One side of the DNA molecule is the template RNA Polymerase

12. Is mRNA an identical copy of DNA?

13. Can you tell the difference?

14. 9) DNA vs RNA nucleic acids DNA – main instructions Double helix Sugar – Deoxyribose Bases: Adenine – Thymine Guanine – Cytosine RNA – copy of instructions Single helix Sugar – Ribose Bases: Adenine – Uracil Guanine – Cytosine

15. 10) Is transcription the same as replication? Transcription – coded copy of DNA to be used to make proteins. Replication - an identical copy of DNA to be given to new cells

16. 11) Second, the mRNA code needs to get TRANSLATED into a protein The mRNA copy needs to get changed into an amino acid sequence m

17. 12) How many mRNA bases = 1 amino acid? Codon (3 mRNA bases) = 1 amino acid codon Amino acid

18. Use the chart to translate the codon UUU = ACA = CAC =

21. What did we learn? What are the two jobs of DNA? How is replication different from transcription? What are the steps of protein synthesis? Compare transcription and translation. How is DNA different from mRNA?

22. DNA Bingo = DINGO AUG -MET (START) GGU – GLY AAU – ASP UUG – LEU GAA – GLU AAA – LYS CGU - ARG UCG – CYS AUC – ISO GUA - VAL UUU – PHE UCU – SER UGA – STOP DNA / mRNA / Amino Acid TAC CCA TTA AAC CTT TTT GCA AGC TAG CAT AAA AGA ACT