1. SoNDa Sensor Network for Data Politehnica University of Bucharest

2. SoNDa Architecture

3. Sensor Motes

4. AVR Raven Development kit for wireless 802.15.4, 6LoWPAN si Zigbee. AVRRAVEN – 2 Pico Power uC – 2.4GHz Transceiver – LCD, joystick, microphone AVRRZUSBSTICK – Gateway node -> PC connection – USB port

5. Sensor Node Architecture Wireless sensor node (mote) Runs Contiki OS and registers into an IPv6 ad-hoc wireless network Multiple sensor slots Energy harvesting module

6. Wireless Power Metering Specialized sensor node Measures energy consumption from the 220VAC power grid Measured parameters: – Voltage – Current – Active power Runs alongside the other existing sensor nodes

7. Sensors Temperature Light Intensity Humidity Acceleration Atmospheric Pressure CO 2 Gas Methane Gas Diesel and Gasoline Exhaust

8. Application Scenarios Temperature → ambient temperature reading in an area monitoring application or a body sensor network. Temperature Light Intensity → estimating the total solar illumination that a crop receives over the course of a day, month or season. Smart building management, turning lights on or off depending on the outdoor light levels. Light Intensity Humidity → indoor humidity control, smart crops - humidity levels are directly associated to the occurrence of certain plant diseases and pests like fungi. Humidity

9. Application Scenarios Atmospheric Pressure → autonomous weather stations composed of geographically separate WSN islands situated in remote locations. Atmospheric Pressure Acceleration → movement detection in body sensor networks. Seismic detection. Acceleration

10. Application Scenarios CO2 Gas → indoor air quality metering in a smart building application. CO2 Gas Methane Gas → leak detection in household and industrial appliances. Methane Gas Diesel and Gasoline Exhaust → outdoor air quality metering. Air pollution sensing in wireless sensor networks deployed on a highway or inside a major city. Diesel and Gasoline Exhaust

11. Energy Storage Technologies

12. Energy Harvesting Technology that opens new possibilities in device portability and application functioning time. Well suited for powering remote electronic devices (like WSN nodes) The device is no longer battery dependent. Its functioning time can be prolonged indefinitely

13. Photovoltaic Conversion I = I L − I D − I SH I = output current I L = photogenerated current I D = diode current I SH = shunt current V j = V + IR S V = voltage across the output terminals I = output current R S = series resistance

14. Network Gateway NGW100 kit from Atmel with added peripherals Two Ethernet ports, SD and MMC card reader, Runs a modified Linux version.

15. Smartphone Android-enabled smartphone Runs a dedicated SoNDa application – Real-time vizualization of sensor data – Interactive menus and graphs

16. SoNDa Software Architecture Heterogeneous WSN monitoring platform All nodes run ported versions of ContikiOS Measured parameters can be visualized from anywhere in the world using MonALISA (MONitoring Agents using a Large Integrated Services Architecture) Allows data aggregation from multiple WSN networks that may even be geographically distinct

17. MonALISA GUI