1. Prepared by: Saatchi, Seyed Mohsen1 Arab Open University - AOU T171 You, Your Computer and the Net: Learning and living in the information age Module 2 – Section 1 Session Five

2. Prepared by: Saatchi, Seyed Mohsen2 Overview About Module II In this module you will learn: 1. The history and origins of the Internet 2. A general understanding of how it works 3. An appreciation of its importance, power and potential 4. Key persons of the Internet

3. Prepared by: Saatchi, Seyed Mohsen3 About Module II In this module, you will develop the following skills: In this module, you will develop the following skills: How to search the web efficiently and how to evaluate the information you find. How to deal with the huge sum of information available. How to create a simple website

4. Prepared by: Saatchi, Seyed Mohsen4 What is the Internet? Definition of Internet Definition of Internet: global networkcomputer networks The Internet is a global network of computer networks Net = Cyberspace Internet = the Net = Cyberspace ARPANET Involved from a previous network called ARPANET Advanced Research Projects Agency

5. Prepared by: Saatchi, Seyed Mohsen5 How a computer is connected to the Net? Connect your PC to a local network: Via a modem and a telephone line host The local network has a computer called a host it has access to the global network Connects other computers to Internet gatewaylocal networkglobal network acts as a gateway between the local network and the global network What is the Internet?

6. Prepared by: Saatchi, Seyed Mohsen6 What is the Internet? Local NetworkHost Host Local Network Host Local NetworkHost Global Network

7. Prepared by: Saatchi, Seyed Mohsen7 What is the Internet?

8. Prepared by: Saatchi, Seyed Mohsen8 What is the Internet? IP address four 192.100.100.1 Each computer connected to the Internet has a unique address called IP address which is used to locate any computer on the internet. This address consists of a set of four number separated by full stops. An example (192.100.100.1) IP addresses Domain Name Server (DNS). http://t171.open.ac.uk Some IP addresses translated into words by a computer known as Domain Name Server (DNS). It makes it easier for typing such as (http://t171.open.ac.uk) http; URL – Universal Resources Locator There is no central control of the Internet, anybody can get to the internet as long as they follow certain rules or protocols, an example (http; URL – Universal Resources Locator).

9. Prepared by: Saatchi, Seyed Mohsen9 IP address StaticDynamic IP address can be Static or Dynamic Static IP address: Static IP address: Usually used for servers Fixed and well-known address Can be located and accessed easily Dynamic IP address: Dynamic IP address: Usually used for clients (like us) Variable different Every time you connect to the Internet, you get a different IP address

10. Prepared by: Saatchi, Seyed Mohsen10 System Thinking The Internet could be seen as a social system The Internet could be seen as a social system Enables people to communicate in many ways, which are totally different than the ordinary ways. The diversity of people and views on the Net, is similar to the diversity of human life. People from many different cultures are connected and communicating together.

11. Prepared by: Saatchi, Seyed Mohsen11 System Thinking system The word “system” is used a lot in everyday speech. One formal definition for the system is the following four-part definition: connected Organized 1- A system is an assembly of components connected together in an Organized way: Human body A car A clock system Note: having all the components of a clock lying on a table, doesn’t form a system! Only when they are connected together in an organized way, it is considered as a system. Continue…

12. Prepared by: Saatchi, Seyed Mohsen12 System Thinking 2. The components are effected by being in the system and are changed if they leave it: The system has properties emerging from its wholeness Cannot be predicted from the isolated components These properties are gotten by the interaction of the different components with each other in the system Examples Examples: 1. components of the human being body OxygenHydrogen 2. Water, composed of two gases (Oxygen and Hydrogen), but it is a liquid! 3. the driver wheel; once in the car, directs it, otherwise, does nothing! Continue…

13. Prepared by: Saatchi, Seyed Mohsen13 System Thinking 3. The assembly does a task an fulfils a function: A system is a dynamic entity It must behave as if it has some purposeExamples: 1. The clock system  Shows Time 2. The car system  moves us from a place to another Continue…

14. Prepared by: Saatchi, Seyed Mohsen14 System Thinking 4. The assembly, as a whole, has been identified by some observer who is interested in it: Systems are created, rather than discovered, based on needs Same components connected in different ways, produce different systems:Examples: Iron, wood, bricks, cement, water, etc, assembled in different ways, produce different types of buildings Continue…

15. Prepared by: Saatchi, Seyed Mohsen15 System Thinking A way of looking at the world and the things by concentrating on the whole rather than individual parts. “The whole is greater than the sum of its parts” “The whole is greater than the sum of its parts” Continue…

16. Prepared by: Saatchi, Seyed Mohsen16 Why do we need system Thinking? System thinking helps to achieve the following: System thinking helps to achieve the following: 1. Focus on the whole properties rather than components 2. Pay greater attention to the ways components interact 3. Take multiple partial views of things 4. Look at things from many different perspective

17. Prepared by: Saatchi, Seyed Mohsen17 The Internet can be viewed and used as: large encyclopedia 1. A large encyclopedia containing an incredible amount of Information related to every topic market place 2. A market place in which goods and services are sold and bought discussion medium 3. A discussion medium with over 30,000 discussion groups, Usenet newsgroup and Global versions of conferences broadcast medium 4. A broadcast medium such as radios stations and audio- visual material such as (MP3 files & Video Clips) Continue…

18. Prepared by: Saatchi, Seyed Mohsen18 Module II: Section 1: What is Internet? huge virtual supercomputer 5. A huge virtual supercomputer with large number of computers connected to solver large problems not to solve by one computer (Used to crack heavily encrypted messages) publishing medium 6. A publishing medium for dated material such as daily newsletters and magazines. online archive 7. An online archive for anyone to consult, includes consultation documents and On-Line help digital library 8. A digital library through which you can access the catalogue of virtually every major reference library on earth: Universities and other academic institutions Some other e-books, for free to download Continue…

19. Prepared by: Saatchi, Seyed Mohsen19 Module II: Section 1: What is Internet? densely interconnected computer network 9. A densely interconnected computer network that might one day lead to the emergence of some kind of artificial intelligence global museum 10. A global museum presenting “virtual collections” on the web vast teaching 11. A vast teaching resource containing many online teaching materials (such as Educational sites) entertainment medium 12. An entertainment medium

20. Prepared by: Saatchi, Seyed Mohsen20 Summary about Section 1 Internet Developing and understanding of what the Internet is? Being a ware of the main stages of the development of the Internet which will form the structure of the rest of the module System Thinking Having the opportunity to do some exploring through the Internet explorer Computer concepts Support material for this section: Chapter 8 (Section A) from the book: Computer concepts