1. Examples of U.S. Imperialism

2.  Imperialism Desire to own more land  U.S. buys Alaska in 1867 From Russia for $7.2 million  Alaska was a good deal So far north that it’s always snowy and cold But later gold and oil were discovered there Alaska has good furs and fish  Alaska became the 49 th state in 1959

3.  U.S. interested in the Pacific Ocean For easier trading with Asia  Americans went to Hawaii Built churches Grew sugar cane on plantations  Forced the queen to give up her rule U.S. sent naval ships, soldiers, and guns Queen allowed U.S. to take over Hawaii  Hawaii became the 50 th state in 1959

4.  U.S. wanted even more land  In 1898, Cuba was a colony of Spain Cuba wanted independence from Spain  U.S. got involved Sent battleship the Maine to Cuba to protect Americans living there The Maine mysteriously exploded and sank, 260 Americans killed U.S. newspapers blamed Spain even though there was no evidence

6.  The Spanish- American War begins U.S. won every battle Captured other Spanish colonies  Effects of the war Spain gives U.S. Cuba, Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines Cuba given independence in 1902 Philippines also given independence Puerto Rico and Guam are still U.S. territories

7.  It was difficult to trade between Atlantic and Pacific Oceans  Panama Canal was built Pres. Teddy Roosevelt negotiated the deal Today we still use the canal for trading

8.  The USA needed a canal through Central America As an isthmus, Panama was the perfect location  Columbia owned Panama In 1903 the USA offered $10 million plus $250,000 a year for a strip of land in Panama Columbia refused  With the help of the USA, Panama became an independent country  Panama agreed to let the USA build a canal It opened in August 1914. Map of Panama Map of the Panama Canal

9.  Because of the Panama Canal, the USA became closely involved in Latin America  Quickly, USA businesses opened in Latin American countries They helped pay for roads, railroads, and harbors  To protect American business, the US was forced to send troops to many countries to prevent problems or civil wars  Many countries became angry They felt that the USA was interfering too much.

10.  What lands did the U.S. get after Manifest Destiny was complete?  Do you think the U.S. will continue to get more lands? Explain your answer.

11. The war to end all wars WWI Introduction

12.  Nationalism is believing your country can do no wrong  Allows leaders to get away with more than they usually would without being questioned by citizens

13.  Building up of military forces Preparing for an invasion Preparing to be invaded  Caused tension among many European countries They were ready for a fight Believed they could be invaded and taken over by larger imperialistic countries Countries prepared and began to mobilize  Mobilization is moving your military into position to fight, AND turning your countries resources into war materials  Such as having factories make war supplies

14.  Desire to take over more and more land, creating large empires Refer to map at beginning of packet

15.  Because of fear of being invaded and tensions caused by militarism, countries formed alliances for protection  That way, if one country was invaded, they had others to help them defend themselves

16.  Tensions were high between Serbia and Austria-Hungary  Archduke Franz Ferdinand was assassinated by Serbian citizens  Austria-Hungary responded by declaring war on Serbia

17.  Because of alliances, many countries jump into the conflict between Austria- Hungary and Serbia Allied Powers (U.S., England, Russia, France, Italy, and other nations) vs. Central Powers (Germany, Austria-Hungary, and the Ottoman Empire

18.  At beginning, U.S. remained neutral  Sent supplies to help Allied Powers  Germany is angry, sank Lusitania, a passenger ship with Americans aboard  Zimmerman telegram is discovered Germany attempts to convince Mexico to attack the U.S., but they are found out U.S. declares war on Central Powers as a result

20.  On November 11, 1918 the Central Powers surrender  Treaty of Versailles ends the war Germany must pay $33 million in reparations  Pay back for damage caused (repairs) Germany must demilitarize Germany loses land  Poland and Czechoslovakia are created  League of Nations is created A world organization meant to keep another world war from happening Was too weak to be effective  No military to enforce the rules

21.  Germans were upset at being blamed for the war  Held bad feelings for years to come Many years later, Hitler took advantage of those feelings, which later led to WWII World War Saga – to be continued…

22.  What were the FOUR CAUSES of World War I?  Which of the four causes do you think had the most influence on the war starting? Explain your answer.