1. THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION CAUSES, EFFECTS, AND LONG-TERM IMPACTS

2. What was the Industrial Revolution?  New manufacturing process that used machines (rather than humans)  Revolutionized mass production from 1820 to 1840  Started with textiles  Increased production, lowered costs of goods, led to new technologies  Essential question: did the Industrial Revolution have a more positive or more negative impact on life?

3. New Changes  Recap: what was the economy based on before the Industrial Rev?  Predict: how would the Industrial Rev change that?

4. SHORT-TERM EFFECTS THINGS GOT REALLY BAD REALLY QUICKLY

5. Urbanization  Urbanization  Movement to cities for jobs  Overcrowding  Tenement homes  Slums  No sanitation, limited running water, electricity, disease rampant  Short life expectancies

7. Working Conditions and Wages  Factory system  Less skilled (no more apprenticeships or masters)  Conditions were dirty, dangerous, and unhealthy  ….coal mines, anyone?  Long hours (12-16 hrs)  Not paid well (women and children less than men for same work)

9. Child Labor

10.  Earned 10% of an adult male’s wage  Those late for work were severely punished  They were hit with straps to work faster  Some children were dipped head first into a water cistern if they became drowsy  Talking to other children was forbidden  Accidents were commonplace  A visitor to Manchester commented that he had seen so many people in the streets without arms and legs that it was like "living in the midst of the army just returned from a campaign."

11. Worker’s Ages in Cotton Mills Age Male Female Under 11246155 11-1611691123 17-217361240 22-26612780 27-31355295 32-36215100 37-4116881 42-469838 47-518823 52-56414 57-61283 Horrible Histories “Victorian Work Song” https://www.youtube.c om/watch?v=zF_U4VG l1Jk

13. Women in the Workforce  Factory jobs to support their family  Paid half or a third of an adult male’s salary

15. Social Hierarchy Shift  Ownership of land no longer most important factor  Industrial capitalists (factory owners)  Engineers, managers, shopkeepers  Urban poor (factory workers)

16. Imperialism  Countries needed more raw materials to fuel the growing Industrial Revolution and demand by the people  Where will they go?  Southeast Asia  Africa  How will they treat their new colonies?  Direct/strict control (they lost their American colonies because of indirect control – wouldn’t make that mistake again)

17. How did people respond to the changes and abuses of the Industrial Revolution?  With a partner, predict demands and reforms ask by each of the following social groups:  Women  Children  Wages  Factory conditions  Living conditions

18. How did people respond?  Britain passed child labor and women labor laws  Reformers regulated living and working conditions  Workers formed unions

19. How did people respond?  Growing gap between rich and poor made people mad  Socialism and communism  Government controls and plans the economy  Vs Adam Smith’s capitalism

20. LONG-TERM EFFECTS ENOUGH DEPRESSING STUFF; LET’S DISCUSS HAPPY IMPACTS

21. Leisure  By the 1900s, more money + more free time = more fun!  Parks  Circuses  Sports—football  Bicycles  Libraries  Operas, theaters & museums

22. Realism and Romanticism

23. Health & Welfare  Smallpox vaccine  Penicillin  Antiseptics  Salvation Army

24. Closure  Respond to one of the two following short-response prompts:  Do you think we’re currently undergoing a new revolution?  What would it be called?  How will it impact society?  What will history books write about your generation?  Did the Industrial Revolution have more positive or negative consequences?  Were the short-term atrocities negated by the long-term impacts?  Would communism have been as wide-spread