1. Table of Contents Title: 5.8 Transmission of Energy (In Oceans) Page #: 52 Date: 12/17/12 Title: 5.8 Transmission of Energy (In Oceans) Page #: 52 Date: 12/17/12

2. Objective Students will observe the effect of salt on the density of water. Students will be able to compare and contrast the three ways by which heat is transferred. Students will observe the effect of salt on the density of water. Students will be able to compare and contrast the three ways by which heat is transferred.

3. Words of the Day Efficient: Producing directly with a minimum of waste.

4. Effect of Salt on Density Density of freshwater = 1 g/cm^3 Density of saltwater = 1.0278 g/cm^3 When salts are dissolved in water, the density of that water increases because salts have a higher density than water. Density of freshwater = 1 g/cm^3 Density of saltwater = 1.0278 g/cm^3 When salts are dissolved in water, the density of that water increases because salts have a higher density than water.

5. Effect of Salt on Density Saltwater Freshwater

6. Transmission of Energy (In Oceans) Energies: Heat, Light, Sound Heat: 3 ways that it may be conducted 1.Conduction 2.Convection 3.Radiation Energies: Heat, Light, Sound Heat: 3 ways that it may be conducted 1.Conduction 2.Convection 3.Radiation

8. Transmission of Energy (In Oceans) 1.Conduction: A molecular process. Heat that is applied to one point on a material will spread as molecules start to move faster and bump into one another. Occurs in metals (conductors) Water is a bad conductor. 1.Conduction: A molecular process. Heat that is applied to one point on a material will spread as molecules start to move faster and bump into one another. Occurs in metals (conductors) Water is a bad conductor.

10. Transmission of Energy (In Oceans) 2.Convection: Driven by density. Hot water is less dense than cold water. Rising hot water creates a current. When hot water gets far away from the heat sources it cools and falls back towards the heat again. 2.Convection: Driven by density. Hot water is less dense than cold water. Rising hot water creates a current. When hot water gets far away from the heat sources it cools and falls back towards the heat again.

12. Transmission of Energy (In Oceans) 3.Radiation: The direct transmission of heat from its energy source. Does not require a medium. Sun provides Earth and ocean’s with radiation. 3.Radiation: The direct transmission of heat from its energy source. Does not require a medium. Sun provides Earth and ocean’s with radiation.

14. Transmission of Energy (In Oceans) Convection is the most efficient method of distributing heat through water.  Radiation impacts from above, only warms surface water.  Conduction is not effective in water.  Convection impacts from below. Hot water rises, creating a convection cell. Convection is the most efficient method of distributing heat through water.  Radiation impacts from above, only warms surface water.  Conduction is not effective in water.  Convection impacts from below. Hot water rises, creating a convection cell.

15. Transmission of Energy (In Oceans) Oceans are heated from above by Sun’s radiation. Some heat is transferred down by conduction, most is lost by: 1.Conduction of heat from surface water to air. 2.Evaporation - Transfer of water vapor to atmosphere.  Warms atmosphere from below.  Creates convection currents in atmosphere. Oceans are heated from above by Sun’s radiation. Some heat is transferred down by conduction, most is lost by: 1.Conduction of heat from surface water to air. 2.Evaporation - Transfer of water vapor to atmosphere.  Warms atmosphere from below.  Creates convection currents in atmosphere.