1. One Laptop per Child (OLPC) Tony Forster 03 9796 8161

2. Me: Tony Forster Engineer Cyclist Voluntary worker in computer education Because I believe that computers open up powerful new ways for children to learn Learning with computers rather than about computers

3. The XO laptop was developed by One Laptop per Child (OLPC), a non-profit organization created by faculty members from the MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology) Media Lab The founding corporate members were Advanced Micro Devices (AMD), Brightstar, Chi Lin, eBay, Google, Marvell, News Corporation, Nortel, Quanta, Red Hat, and SES Astra. http://one.laptop.org/about/faq

4. One Laptop per Child develops a low-cost laptop—the "XO Laptop"—to revolutionise how we educate the world's children. “Our mission is to provide educational opportunities for the world's poorest children by giving each child a rugged, low-cost, low-power, connected laptop; and software tools and content designed for collaborative, joyful, self-empowered learning.”

5. Hardware features: Low power Drop proof Dust proof Splash proof Mesh wireless Daylight monochrome / backlit colour screen Book reader Low cost Photo C. Scott Ananian http://www.ustream.tv/channel/cscottnet

6. OLPC is designed around five core principles: Child Ownership, Low Ages, Saturation, Connection, and Free and Open Source tools http://wiki.laptop.org/go/Core_principles Photo C. Scott Ananian http://www.ustream.tv/channel/cscottnet

7. Target price US$100 Current price US$180 Photo C. Scott Ananian http://www.ustream.tv/channel/cscottnet

8. http://laptop.org/en/children/countries/http://laptop.org/en/children/countries/ Something in the order of 2 million distributed OLPC Uruguay 420,000 Spanish OLPC Peru 290,000+260,000 Spanish OLPC Rwanda 120,000 English OLPC G1G1 78,500 English OLPC Argentina 60,000 Spanish OLPC Mexico 50,000 Spanish OLPC Birmingham 15,500 English OLPC Haiti 13,700Kreyol OLPC Small groups 13,500English OLPC Mongolia 10,100Mongolian.........

9. Map http://tinyurl.com/44looqv http://laptop.org.au/http://laptop.org.au/ About 1500 so far in Australia

10. Designed for primary school age children Single mouse click for young learners A small (cheap waterproof) keyboard for young fingers A flat file system – no directories Autosaving Emphasis on problem solving and project based learning Photo http://www.viaarena.com/one-laptop-per-child.aspx?ID=168&MCatID=1

11. Collaborative Learning is collaborative Hardware mesh network supports collaboration Most Activities (applications) can be collaboratively edited The neighbourhood below shows a XO for each nearby laptop and a number of Activities which users have started and enabled for sharing 'Under a tree' networking Photo http://wiki.laptop.org/go/OLPC_Niue

12. Students are invited to personalise their laptops to take ownership of their learning http://codewiz.org/wiki/pictures/sugar/deployment/paraguay/caacupe/scratcheros/00003.jpg

13. http://wiki.sugarlabs.org/go/User:Walter Hardware too! Designed for repair by children.

14. East Timor Hera school, one hour east of Dili Currently to grade 4 and expanding 25 laptops deployed July 2010 Photo http://www.seaton-olpc-ug.org A minimum of 102,800 conflict- related deaths in the period 1974– 1999, approximately 18,600 killings and 84,200 'excess' deaths from hunger and illness. Current population 1 million

15. The school http://www.kidsarktimor.org/ The laptop project http://www.seaton-olpc-ug.org Photo http://www.kidsarktimor.org/ Google earth Wikipedia

16. In the light of experience, thoughts on the assumptions and core values of the program...

17. Teachers 2009. Activities most commonly used in the past 30 days (% relative) Teachers 2010. Activities most commonly used in the past 30 days (% relative) Browse Write Paint, Tux Paint Maze Library Record E-toys Other Evidence that use grows with time Uruguay - Evaluación del Plan Ceibal 2010 DOCUMENTO RESUMEN http://www.anep.edu.uy/anepweb/servlet/main004?403

18. Child Ownership Does not match the values of some cultures e.g. in East Timor, there is a concern that an older brother can take the laptop Ownership and take home policy are negotiated with community leaders in some deployments

19. Other studies relevant to child ownership “There is a low, significant and positive effect of the use of computers at home regarding school achievement. Furthermore, the frequent use of the computer at home impacts positively learning in science.” http://www.pisaresconf09.org/user_uploads/files/context/room2/Kluttig_Peirano_Vergara.pdhttp://www.pisaresconf09.org/user_uploads/files/context/room2/Kluttig_Peirano_Vergara.pdf Findings revealed that Home Learning - which measured the extent of a student’s laptop use outside of school for homework in each of the four core-subject areas and for learning games—was the strongest implementation predictor of reading achievement http://escholarship.bc.edu/jtla/ The effect of computer use on child outcomes, a regression analysis of Romanian government computer vouchers reported a negative effect on education but I have doubts about the statistical method http://tonyforster.blogspot.com/2008/06/home-pcs-lower-education-results.html

20. Saturation Uruguay is the only country to achieve 100% saturation of government primary schools

21. Connection Children 2010. Favorite sites on the Internet (%) Games Portals* Music Videos Social Networks Other * More than half of the portals (20%)-all types-mentioned by children, providing content developed for the XO, as XOplanet or wiki.laptop.org Uruguay - Evaluación del Plan Ceibal 2010 DOCUMENTO RESUMEN http://www.anep.edu.uy/anepweb/servlet/main004?403

22. Free and Open Source tools Inability to run the Windows OS has limited uptake Uruguay education department has locked root access causing some debate

23. Children 2010. (5 & 6) "What grade would you give the XO?". Comparative 2009-2010 (%) The XO computer (mouse and keyboard) The programs of the XO R&B =fail (I think) MB pass? STE (D?) BR (HD?) Free and Open Source tools 96% pass Uruguay - Evaluación del Plan Ceibal 2010 DOCUMENTO RESUMEN http://www.anep.edu.uy/anepweb/servlet/main004?403

24. Tony Forster tonyforster.blogspot.com 03 9796 8161 More information Contact me or Dick Bartley Donating East Timor Contact me or Dick Bartley Northern Australia http://laptop.org.au/ Photo http://laptop.org.au/

25. Open source is responsive A teacher in Latin America asked for a square root function in Turtle Art Within days one was added

26. Getting involved Writing educational content Writing Activities Testing Debugging Translating and more..... http://wiki.sugarlabs.org/go http://lists.sugarlabs.org/listinfo/iaep

27. XO 1.5. CPU: Via C7-M, clock speed: 400 MHz (1.5 W) to 1GHz (5 W), variable DRAM memory: 512 MB or 1 GiB dynamic RAM Mass storage: 4 GiB NAND flash in an internal microSD card HARDWARE XO1.0 CPU: x86-compatible processor, clock speed: 433 Mhz; DRAM memory: 256 MB dynamic RAM Mass storage: 1024 MB SLC NAND flash

28. OLPC is heavily influenced by constructionist learning principles Constructionism--the N word as opposed to the V word--shares constructivism's connotation of learning as "building knowledge structures" irrespective of the circumstances of the learning. It then adds the idea that this happens especially felicitously in a context where the learner is consciously engaged in constructing a public entity, whether it's a sand castle on the beach or a theory of the universe. Or more simply, the learner is actively involved in their learning, learning is constructed inside their head rather than transferred as a complete thing and this learning can be constructed while creating something to share Papert coined the word Constructionism

29. Constructionism (constructivism) There are tensions within the community between primarily constructionist software and instructionist expectations Does not easily match the curriculum (but see http://wiki.sugarlabs.org/go/Math4Team/Florida )http://wiki.sugarlabs.org/go/Math4Team/Florida Does not match the expectations of some teachers or software developers Nepal has developed their own software http://www.olenepal.org/e_paath.html http://www.olenepal.org/e_paath.html E-Paath is a collection of digital education materials prepared by OLE Nepal. the Nepali language is used and the pictures and images also reflect Nepali settings based on curriculum objectives outlined by the Curriculum Development Center (CDC)

30. Software - Sugar www.sugarlabs.org All open source, all viewable and editable A Python GUI On a Linux base Activities are written in Python too (Some critical code is compiled C) Educational software, primarily for the OLPC ($100 laptop) but available on other platforms, notably SOAS (Sugar on a stick) live USB

31. Getting your copy PC or Mac http://wiki.sugarlabs.org/go/Downloads Live CD or USB is approximately a 500MB download

32. Open source Designed to be hacked Written in Python Open source View source Editing tools Entire laptop easily reflashed

33. Many educational Activities (programs or applications) The 'Home' view

34. 'Logo like' languages: Turtle Art, Scratch and Etoys To try it Get the Sugar live CD/USB at http://wiki.sugarlabs.org/go/Downloads http://wiki.sugarlabs.org/go/Downloads Or Run Turtle Art on Linux/Gnome http://activities.sugarlabs.org/en-US/sugar/addon/4027 http://activities.sugarlabs.org/en-US/sugar/addon/4027 (the *.xo bundle is just a zip archive) Or Similar Mac/PC Java version www.turtleart.orgwww.turtleart.org

35. Project based learning 'Learning by doing' 'Low entry high ceiling' – easy to get started but enough to keep engaged Low entry: Drag and drop High ceiling: Infinitely hackable Bridging from drag and drop to Python in Turtle Art

36. Capture data with the microphone socket Switchable gain Switchable bias Switchable DC/AC

37. Localised into many languages Turtle Art in Spanish and German below

38. The Journal, a flat file system, a record for parents and teachers, a place to reflect

39. Education in the vernacular The use of Vernacular Languages in Education, UNESCO 1953, http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0000/000028/002897 EB.pdf http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0000/000028/002897 EB.pdf states that “education in the vernacular is in the child's best interests and does not hinder later transfer to learning in a second language” Links http://seaton-olpc-ug.org/?q=node/226http://seaton-olpc-ug.org/?q=node/226 (resources for the East Timor OLPC deployment) The Australian Northern Territory government has abandoned bilingual education for Australian aborigines. http://www.abc.net.au/4corners/special_eds/20090914/l anguage/ http://www.abc.net.au/4corners/special_eds/20090914/l anguage/ Noel Pearson in Radical Hope: Education and Equality in Australia (Quarterly Essay ) "In our reforms for Cape York, we propose that the time from early morning to early afternoon be dedicated to explicit instruction in basic numeracy and English literacy." P71