2. Oceans: Earth’s Amazing Resource Click the mouse to go to the next slide and follow the directions to learn about ocean features, ocean water, and ocean life.

3. Ocean Features Questions: Find the answers on the slides that follow and take notes. 1. 1. How much of the earth’s surface is covered by oceans? 2. 2. What percentage of the earth’s water is in the oceans? 3. 3. How many oceans are there and what are their names? 4. 4. Are there oceans on any other planets? 5. 5. Which ocean is the largest? the smallest? 6. 6. What geographic features are on the sea floor? 7. 7. What underwater mountain is the tallest in the world? 8. 8. Why is the Atlantic Ocean getting wider? 9. 9. What causes undersea trenches? 10. 10. Where is the deepest part of the ocean?

4. Ocean Facts: Oceans cover about 70% - 75% of the Earth's surface (about 140 million square miles ) and contain roughly 97% of the Earth's water supply. Oceans cover about 70% - 75% of the Earth's surface (about 140 million square miles ) and contain roughly 97% of the Earth's water supply. The Earth's oceans are all connected to one another. Until 2000, there were four recognized oceans: the Pacific, Atlantic, Indian, and Arctic. Then, a new ocean, the Southern Ocean which surrounds Antarctica was designated. The Earth's oceans are all connected to one another. Until 2000, there were four recognized oceans: the Pacific, Atlantic, Indian, and Arctic. Then, a new ocean, the Southern Ocean which surrounds Antarctica was designated.

5. Locations of the Oceans: Indian Arctic Southern Pacific PacificAtlantic There are smaller branches of the oceans called seas which are partly enclosed by land. The largest seas are the South China Sea, the Caribbean Sea, and the Mediterranean Sea.

6. Oceans Make Earth Special: The oceans of Earth are unique in our Solar System. No other planet in our Solar System has liquid water (although recent finds on Mars show that Mars may have had liquid water in the past). The oceans of Earth are unique in our Solar System. No other planet in our Solar System has liquid water (although recent finds on Mars show that Mars may have had liquid water in the past). A NASA photo showing a gully on Mars

7. Ocean Comparison Facts: Ocean Area (square miles) Average Depth (ft) Deepest depth (ft) Pacific Ocean 64,186,00015,215 Mariana Trench, 36,200 ft deep Atlantic Ocean 33,420,00012,881 Puerto Rico Trench, 28,231 ft deep Indian Ocean 28,350,00013,002 Java Trench, 25,344 ft deep Southern Ocean 7,848,300 13,100 - 16,400 The southern end of the South Sandwich Trench, 23,736 ft deep Arctic Ocean 5,106,0003,953 Eurasia Basin, 17,881 ft deep

8. Underwater Landforms: Most continents are surrounded by shallow seas (about 650 feet deep) covering sloping continental shelves. Most continents are surrounded by shallow seas (about 650 feet deep) covering sloping continental shelves. Beyond this slope is the abyss with plains, mountains called ocean ridges, isolated seamounts, and deep ocean trenches Beyond this slope is the abyss with plains, mountains called ocean ridges, isolated seamounts, and deep ocean trenches

9. Volcanic Islands: Mauna Kea, Hawaii, rises 33,474 feet from its base on the ocean floor (making it the tallest mountain in the world), but only 13,680 feet are above sea level. Mauna Kea, Hawaii, rises 33,474 feet from its base on the ocean floor (making it the tallest mountain in the world), but only 13,680 feet are above sea level. Some seamounts, called guyots, are extinct flat-topped underwater volcanic islands that have had their tops worn away by waves. Some seamounts, called guyots, are extinct flat-topped underwater volcanic islands that have had their tops worn away by waves.

10. Ocean Ridges: Mid-ocean ridges form a great mountain range, almost 40,000 miles long, that weaves its way through all the major oceans. Mid-ocean ridges form a great mountain range, almost 40,000 miles long, that weaves its way through all the major oceans. The mid-ocean ridge is Earth’s single largest feature!

11. Rift Valleys: The centers of some ocean ridges are rift valleys, with earthquakes and volcanoes. The centers of some ocean ridges are rift valleys, with earthquakes and volcanoes. Some volcanoes that rise from the ridges appear above the surface as islands. Some volcanoes that rise from the ridges appear above the surface as islands.

12. Sea Floor Spreading: The floor of the Atlantic Ocean is getting wider because magma is coming up between the tectonic plates at the mid-ocean ridge and making new sea floor. The floor of the Atlantic Ocean is getting wider because magma is coming up between the tectonic plates at the mid-ocean ridge and making new sea floor.

13. Plates Bend Under: While the ocean is getting wider in one place, it must be getting smaller somewhere else where one plate bends and is destroyed as it moves under another plate to form a trench. While the ocean is getting wider in one place, it must be getting smaller somewhere else where one plate bends and is destroyed as it moves under another plate to form a trench.

14. Deep Sea Trenches: Trenches are all around the rim of the Pacific in the “Ring of Fire” where earthquakes and volcanic eruptions often occur. Trenches are all around the rim of the Pacific in the “Ring of Fire” where earthquakes and volcanic eruptions often occur. Look where the volcanic eruptions and earthquakes occur!

15. Mariana Trench: The Mariana Trench in the western Pacific The Mariana Trench in the western Pacific Ocean is 1,554 miles long, 44 miles wide and nearly 7 miles deep at the southwestern end called “Challenger Deep” The pressure down The pressure down there would be like a person trying to hold up 50 jumbo jets!

16. Undersea Exploration: The bathyscaph, The bathyscaph, Trieste, descended to the bottom of the bottom of “Challenger Deep” in 1960. 1960. The aquanauts, The aquanauts, Piccard and Walsh, could see marine life through the viewport.

17. Did you find the answers to these Ocean Features Questions? If not, go back! 1. 1. How much of the earth’s surface is covered by oceans? 2. 2. What percentage of the earth’s water is in the oceans? 3. 3. How many oceans are there and what are their names? 4. 4. Are there oceans on any other planets? 5. 5. Which ocean is the largest? the smallest? 6. 6. What geographic features are on the sea floor? 7. 7. What underwater mountain is the tallest in the world? 8. 8. Why is the Atlantic Ocean getting wider? 9. 9. What causes undersea trenches? 10. 10. Where is the deepest part of the ocean?

18. Ocean Water Questions : Ocean Water Questions : Find the answers on the slides that follow and take notes. 1. What part do the oceans have in the water cycle? 2. What makes the ocean salty and which is the saltiest sea? 3. Which ocean is the warmest? 4. What is the average temperature of all the ocean water? 5. How do oceans affect earth’s land temperatures? 6. What is El Niño and what does it do? 7. Where and how do hurricanes form? 8. What are tides and what causes them? 9. Where is the biggest difference in daily tides? 10. Why is the ocean usually blue and what other colors can it appear? 11. How are waves caused and how do they move?

19. The Water Cycle: Eighty percent (80%) of the water vapor in the air comes from the oceans. Eighty percent (80%) of the water vapor in the air comes from the oceans.

20. How The Water Cycle Works: The sun helps evaporate water from oceans, lakes, rivers, and other surfaces. The sun helps evaporate water from oceans, lakes, rivers, and other surfaces. It condenses into clouds, and falls back down as either rain or snow, much of which eventually flows back to the oceans either along the surface or under the ground. It condenses into clouds, and falls back down as either rain or snow, much of which eventually flows back to the oceans either along the surface or under the ground. This cycle continues over and over causing weather.

21. Salty Water: All water, even rain, contains dissolved chemicals called "salts” and sea water is a solution of salts and decayed biologic matter. All water, even rain, contains dissolved chemicals called "salts” and sea water is a solution of salts and decayed biologic matter. Most of the salts come from weathering and erosion of the Earth’s igneous rocks and the dissolving of salts by rains and streams which transport them to the sea. Most of the salts come from weathering and erosion of the Earth’s igneous rocks and the dissolving of salts by rains and streams which transport them to the sea.

22. More About Mineral Salts: Some of the ocean's salts have been dissolved from rocks below its floor. Some of the ocean's salts have been dissolved from rocks below its floor. Other sources of salts include the materials that escaped from the Earth's crust through volcanic vents. Other sources of salts include the materials that escaped from the Earth's crust through volcanic vents.

23. The Saltiest Oceans: Salts concentrate in the sea because the Sun evaporates almost pure water from the sea and leaves the salts behind. Salts concentrate in the sea because the Sun evaporates almost pure water from the sea and leaves the salts behind. The saltiest water is in the Red Sea, the Persian Gulf, and the North Atlantic Ocean that have a lot of evaporation from the sun. The saltiest water is in the Red Sea, the Persian Gulf, and the North Atlantic Ocean that have a lot of evaporation from the sun. The least salt is in Polar waters and coastal inlets that receive heavy runoff from melting ice and precipitation. The least salt is in Polar waters and coastal inlets that receive heavy runoff from melting ice and precipitation.

24. Ocean Temperature Facts: The warmest ocean on average is the Indian-West Pacific Ocean The warmest ocean on average is the Indian-West Pacific Ocean The top ten feet of the ocean holds as much heat as our entire atmosphere The top ten feet of the ocean holds as much heat as our entire atmosphere Below 300 – 800 feet the temperature drops rapidly Below 300 – 800 feet the temperature drops rapidly The average temperature of all ocean water is about 3.5° C (39° F) - only a little warmer than freezing! The average temperature of all ocean water is about 3.5° C (39° F) - only a little warmer than freezing!

25. The oceans affect the Earth’s weather and temperature. They moderate the temperature by absorbing incoming heat energy from the sun. The oceans affect the Earth’s weather and temperature. They moderate the temperature by absorbing incoming heat energy from the sun. The always-moving ocean currents distribute this heat energy around the globe. This heats the land and air during winter and cools it during summer. The always-moving ocean currents distribute this heat energy around the globe. This heats the land and air during winter and cools it during summer. Oceans Affect Earth’s Weather:

26. World’s Ocean Currents:

27. Changes in Ocean Currents: The variable ocean temperatures cause changes in currents and produce unusual wind patterns called El Niño or the opposite, La Niña, which can cause strange weather such as too much or too little precipitation in unexpected places. The variable ocean temperatures cause changes in currents and produce unusual wind patterns called El Niño or the opposite, La Niña, which can cause strange weather such as too much or too little precipitation in unexpected places. During an El Niño the water temperature rises and changes the direction of the currents. During an El Niño the water temperature rises and changes the direction of the currents. The change in the ocean currents changes the wind direction which controls the weather patterns. The change in the ocean currents changes the wind direction which controls the weather patterns.

28. Oceans Temperatures Vary: Air over warm water gets heated more and rises quickly. Air over warm water gets heated more and rises quickly.

29. Ocean Storms: Huge storms such as hurricanes form over hot tropical water from swirling winds that contain large amounts of moisture. Huge storms such as hurricanes form over hot tropical water from swirling winds that contain large amounts of moisture. See the circular flow around the eye of a hurricane!

30. Ocean Tides: Tides are periodic rises and falls of the oceans caused by the gravitational interaction between the Earth and the Moon. Tides are periodic rises and falls of the oceans caused by the gravitational interaction between the Earth and the Moon.

31. More About Tides: The gravitational attraction of the moon causes the oceans to bulge out on that side and another bulge occurs on the far side, since the Earth is being pulled toward the moon away from the water on that side. The gravitational attraction of the moon causes the oceans to bulge out on that side and another bulge occurs on the far side, since the Earth is being pulled toward the moon away from the water on that side. Since the earth is rotating Since the earth is rotating while this is happening, while this is happening, two tides occur each day. two tides occur each day.

32. Special Tide Events: Spring tides are especially strong tides (they do not have anything to do with the Spring season). Spring tides are especially strong tides (they do not have anything to do with the Spring season). They occur when the Earth, Sun, and Moon are in a line such as during the new and full Moon phases. The gravitational forces of the Moon and the Sun both contribute to these tides. They occur when the Earth, Sun, and Moon are in a line such as during the new and full Moon phases. The gravitational forces of the Moon and the Sun both contribute to these tides.

33. Special Tide Events: The highest tides in the world are at the Bay of Fundy, which separates New Brunswick from Nova Scotia in Canada. The highest tides in the world are at the Bay of Fundy, which separates New Brunswick from Nova Scotia in Canada. At some times of the year the difference between high and low tide is 53 feet 6 inches, the equivalent of a three-story building. At some times of the year the difference between high and low tide is 53 feet 6 inches, the equivalent of a three-story building.

34. The Ocean “Blue”: The ocean appears blue because it reflects the blue color of the sky. The ocean appears blue because it reflects the blue color of the sky. From space the oceans make Earth look like a big blue marble From space the oceans make Earth look like a big blue marble

35. All the Colors of the Ocean: On a cloudy day, the ocean appears gray. On a cloudy day, the ocean appears gray. The Red Sea often looks red because of red algae that live in this sea. The Red Sea often looks red because of red algae that live in this sea. The Black Sea looks almost black because it has a high concentration of hydrogen sulfide which appears black. The Black Sea looks almost black because it has a high concentration of hydrogen sulfide which appears black. Deep seas are bluer than shallow clear seas which might look aqua when the light is reflected off the light colored sand at the bottom. Deep seas are bluer than shallow clear seas which might look aqua when the light is reflected off the light colored sand at the bottom.

36. Mediterranean Beach in Spain: This sea is vibrant blue because the natural blue color of the water is being reflected back from the light- colored sand.

37. Ocean Waves: Winds cause ocean waves by transferring energy to the water through friction between the air and the water molecules. Stronger winds cause larger waves. Winds cause ocean waves by transferring energy to the water through friction between the air and the water molecules. Stronger winds cause larger waves. Waves in the open ocean only move up and down and do not flow. Watch a floating buoy bob up and down with a wave and notice that it does not move side to side. Waves in the open ocean only move up and down and do not flow. Watch a floating buoy bob up and down with a wave and notice that it does not move side to side.

38. Did you find the answers to these Ocean Water Questions? If not, go back! 1. What part do the oceans have in the water cycle? 2. What makes the ocean salty and which is the saltiest sea? 3. Which ocean is the warmest? 4. What is the average temperature of all the ocean water? 5. How do oceans affect earth’s land temperatures? 6. What is El Niño and what does it do? 7. Where and how do hurricanes form? 8. What are tides and what causes them? 9. Where is the biggest difference in daily tides? 10. Why is the ocean usually blue and what other colors can it appear? 11. How are waves caused and how do they move?

39. Ocean Life Questions: Ocean Life Questions: Find the answers on the slides that follow and take notes. 1. How much of the earth’s “living space” is in the ocean? 2. How does algae help the animals in the ocean? 3. What is the biggest and loudest ocean animal? 4. How large was the biggest blue whale ever? 5. Are whales and dolphins fish or mammals? 6. What is the largest fish in the ocean? 7. Describe 3 reasons why Great White sharks are dangerous? 8. What is the fastest fish? The slowest? 9. What are coral reefs made of and why are they an important ocean ecosystem? 10. Define univalves and bivalves and give an example of each. 11. Name some crustaceans. 12. What are intertidal zones and what happens there?

40. Oceans Support Life: Earth’s salty seas are home to an incredibly diverse web of life. Earth’s salty seas are home to an incredibly diverse web of life. The ocean contains 99% of Earth’s living space and supports more animals than the land. The ocean contains 99% of Earth’s living space and supports more animals than the land.

41. Seaweed - A Form of Algae: Seaweed is green, brown or red algae that grows in the ocean Seaweed is green, brown or red algae that grows in the ocean They range from microscopic plants to giant floating or anchored plants. They range from microscopic plants to giant floating or anchored plants. Cheese, chocolate milk, peanut butter, pudding, frozen desserts and fruit drinks may all contain algae. Cheese, chocolate milk, peanut butter, pudding, frozen desserts and fruit drinks may all contain algae. There are more than 7000 species of algae.

42. More About Algae: Green algae produce oxygen and food for animal food webs by photosynthesis.

43. The Biggest Animal in the Ocean: The Blue Whale is the biggest animal that ever lived. It’s also the loudest animal on Earth - even louder that a jet plane. The Blue Whale is the biggest animal that ever lived. It’s also the loudest animal on Earth - even louder that a jet plane.

44. Blue Whale Facts: Blue whales are mammals and are about 80 feet long and weigh about 120 tons on average. Blue whales are mammals and are about 80 feet long and weigh about 120 tons on average. The largest was 94 feet long and weighed over 174 tons. The largest was 94 feet long and weighed over 174 tons. Its heart weighed about 1,000 pounds and was the size of a Volkswagon car with 14,000 pounds of blood circulating in its body. Its heart weighed about 1,000 pounds and was the size of a Volkswagon car with 14,000 pounds of blood circulating in its body.

45. When they breathe a stream of water rises 40-50 feet above the ocean. When they breathe a stream of water rises 40-50 feet above the ocean. They are found worldwide, living near the surface in small groups, but are in danger of extinction. They are found worldwide, living near the surface in small groups, but are in danger of extinction. This giant eats tiny crustaceans and small fish. This giant eats tiny crustaceans and small fish. More Blue Whale Facts:

46. A Very Popular Sea Animal: The well known dolphins are not fish either, but mammals The well known dolphins are not fish either, but mammals They are among the most intelligent animals known and are usually very sociable toward humans. They are among the most intelligent animals known and are usually very sociable toward humans. Some scientists believe they can “talk” to each other and to people. Some scientists believe they can “talk” to each other and to people.

47. The Biggest Fish in the Sea: The whale shark is the largest fish. The whale shark is the largest fish. It is NOT a whale and unlike some other sharks, is harmless to man It is NOT a whale and unlike some other sharks, is harmless to man

48. Other Types of Sharks: The most dangerous sharks are the Great White shark, the Tiger shark and the Hammerhead shark. The most dangerous sharks are the Great White shark, the Tiger shark and the Hammerhead shark. Angel Shark BlueShark Tiger Shark Lemon Shark Hammerhead Shark Great White Shark Bonnethead Shark

49. Great White Shark Facts: Its skeleton is made of flexible cartilage instead of bone. Its skeleton is made of flexible cartilage instead of bone. It averages 12-16 feet long and the female is usually larger than the male. It averages 12-16 feet long and the female is usually larger than the male. It is a streamlined swimmer with a torpedo-shaped body, a pointed snout, a crescent-shaped tail, a white underbelly and a grey or blue-grey top surface which helps it blend in with the ocean. It is a streamlined swimmer with a torpedo-shaped body, a pointed snout, a crescent-shaped tail, a white underbelly and a grey or blue-grey top surface which helps it blend in with the ocean.

50. More Great White Shark Facts: They have been observed along the coastlines of California to Alaska, the east coast of the USA and most of the Gulf coast. They have been observed along the coastlines of California to Alaska, the east coast of the USA and most of the Gulf coast. They can smell one drop of blood in 25 gallons of water, but they breath using gills. They can smell one drop of blood in 25 gallons of water, but they breath using gills. They have 3,000 triangular, razor-sharp, 3 inch long teeth that they replace with new ones when they are lost, but they rip their food into pieces and swallow it whole without chewing. They have 3,000 triangular, razor-sharp, 3 inch long teeth that they replace with new ones when they are lost, but they rip their food into pieces and swallow it whole without chewing.

51. Ocean Speed Records: Fastest Fish: Sailfish68.18 mph Mako Shark60 mph Marlin50 mph Wahoo48.5 mph Bluefin Tuna43.4 mph Blue Shark43 mph Bonefish40 mph Swordfish40 mph Slowest Fish: Seahorse0.01 mph

52. Unusual Sea Life: Seahorse Electric Ray Sea Turtle Giant Sea Weed

53. Coral Reefs: Coral reefs are warm, clear, shallow ocean habitats. They are formed from tiny coral polyps (tiny animals) that live in colonies and leave behind hard limestone skeletons.Coral reefs are warm, clear, shallow ocean habitats. They are formed from tiny coral polyps (tiny animals) that live in colonies and leave behind hard limestone skeletons. Coral Polyp

54. Coral Reef Ecosystems: Reefs provides shelter for many animals including sponges, fish, eels, jellyfish, anemones, starfish, crabs, shrimp, lobsters, turtles, sea snakes, snails, octopi, nautilus, and clams. Birds feast on coral reef animals. Reefs provides shelter for many animals including sponges, fish, eels, jellyfish, anemones, starfish, crabs, shrimp, lobsters, turtles, sea snakes, snails, octopi, nautilus, and clams. Birds feast on coral reef animals. The Great Barrier Reef off the coast of Australia is the largest coral reef in the world. It is over 1,257 miles long. The Great Barrier Reef off the coast of Australia is the largest coral reef in the world. It is over 1,257 miles long.

55. Colorful Reef Fish:

56. Mollusks are soft bodied animals Mollusks are soft bodied animals Some have one-piece univalve shells like snails Some have one-piece univalve shells like snails Some have two-pieced bivalve shells like clams Some have two-pieced bivalve shells like clams Some have no shell like this octapus: Some have no shell like this octapus: Many mollusks are eaten by people! Many mollusks are eaten by people! Mollusks – Univalves & Bivalves:

57. Crustaceans: Crustaceans have hard shells and jointed legs. Crustaceans have hard shells and jointed legs. Some have pinchers or claws. Some have pinchers or claws. Common crustaceans are lobsters, shrimp and crabs. Common crustaceans are lobsters, shrimp and crabs.

58. Echinoderms: Echinoderms are “spiny- skinned” invertebrates that live on the ocean floor. Echinoderms are “spiny- skinned” invertebrates that live on the ocean floor. Modern-day echinoderms have five-fold symmetry. Modern-day echinoderms have five-fold symmetry. They include sea stars, brittle stars sea cucumbers, sea urchins, and sand dollars. They include sea stars, brittle stars sea cucumbers, sea urchins, and sand dollars.

59. Intertidal Zones: The intertidal area is where the land and sea meet between the high and low tide zones along coastlines. It is rich in nutrients and oxygen and hosts a variety of organisms.

60. Did you find the answers to these Ocean Life Questions? If not, go back! 1. How much of the earth’s “living space” is in the ocean? 2. How does algae help the animals in the ocean? 3. What is the biggest and loudest ocean animal? 4. How large was the biggest blue whale ever? 5. Are whales and dolphins fish or mammals? 6. What is the largest fish in the ocean? 7. Describe 3 reasons why Great White sharks are dangerous? 8. What is the fastest fish? The slowest? 9. What are coral reefs made of and why are they an important ocean ecosystem? 10. Define univalves and bivalves and give an example of each. 11. Name some crustaceans. 12. What are intertidal zones and what happens there? Go on to the next slide where you will be directed how to review the answers.

61. Check the answers to your questions now: Ocean Features Questions Set 1 Ocean Water Questions Set 2 Ocean Life Questions Set 3 Many more amazing creatures call the ocean home.

62. Answers to Ocean Feature Questions: Check over your answers and correct them. 1. 1. About 70% – 75% of the earth’s surface is covered by oceans. 2. 2. About 97% of the earth’s water is in the oceans. 3. 3. There are five oceans – the Pacific, the Atlantic, the Indian, the Arctic, and the Southern 4. 4. There are no oceans currently known on any other planets but Mars may have had them in the past. 5. 5. The Pacific Ocean is the largest and the Arctic is the smallest. 6. 6. Beyond the shallow shelves surrounding the continents is the abyss with plains, mountain ridges, seamounts, and trenches. 7. 7. Mauna Kea, Hawaii, is the tallest mountain on earth, but only part of it is visible above the ocean surface. 8. 8. The Atlantic Ocean is getting wider because magma is coming up between the plates at the Mid-Atlantic Ridge pushing them apart and making new sea floor. 9. 9. Undersea trenches are caused by plates bending and going under the edges of other plates. 10. 10. The deepest part of the ocean is the 7 mile deep southwestern end of the Mariana Trench in the Pacific known as Challenger Deep. Go to Question Set 2 Go to Question Set 2

63. Answers to Ocean Water Questions: 1. The Indian – West Pacific Ocean is the warmest ocean. 2. The average temperature of all the ocean water is 3.5° C or 39° F. 3. The ocean currents moderate the earth’s temperature by absorbing heat energy from the sun and then distributing it around the world. 4. The water cycle causes ocean water to evaporate contributing about 80% of the water vapor in the atmosphere 5. Most of the “salts” in the ocean come from rocks that are dissolved by the rain and then flow down rivers into the ocean where water is constantly being evaporated from it which makes it saltier. The Red Sea is the saltiest ocean. 6. Hurricanes form over hot ocean water when warm winds filled with moisture swirl around. 7. El Niño is a change in ocean currents caused by variable ocean temperatures that makes strange weather in different places. 8. Tides are the rise and fall of the ocean water due to the gravitational pull of the moon and sun on the earth. 9. The biggest difference in daily tides is in the Bay of Fundy in Canada. 10. The ocean reflects the blue sky but it can look red, gray, black or aqua depending on lighting and chemicals or algae in the water. 11. Waves are caused by the wind on the surface of the ocean and they only cause the water to move up and down, and not flow sideways. Go to Question Set 3 Go to Question Set 3

64. Answers to Ocean Life Questions: 1. About ninety-nine percent (99%) of the earth’s “living space” is in the ocean. 2. Algae helps animals by making oxygen and food. 3. The blue whale is the largest animal on earth and the loudest. 4. The largest blue whale was 94 feet long and weighed over 174 tons with a heart the size of a Volkswagon car. 5. Whales and dolphins are both mammals, NOT fish. 6. The largest fish in the ocean is the harmless whale shark. 7. Sharks are dangerous because they swim well, can smell blood, have sharp teeth, and swim near the coastline where people also swim. 8. The fastest swimming fish is the sailfish and the slowest is the seahorse. 9. Coral reefs are made of hard limestone skeletons left behind by colonies of tiny animals called coral polyps and they provide shelter and food to many sea creatures. 10. Univalves are soft bodied mollusks with one-pieced shells like snails and bivalves are ones with two-pieced shells like clams. 11. Some crustaceans are crabs, lobsters and shrimp. 12. An intertidal zone is the area between the high and low tide zone where the land and sea meet and many animals live. The End – How did you do?