1. INTRODUCING THE RULE OF LAW THROUGH THE VISUAL ARTS 1

2. MEDIEVAL ICONS: DIVINE LAW 2

3. SECULAR LAW 3

4. THE FOUNDING ERA: THE RULE OF LAW AND DEMOCRATIC IDEALS 4

5. GEORGE WASHINGTON, JEAN ANTOINE HOUDON, 1785-1791 5

6. George Washington, Gilbert Stuart, 1796 6

7. PAUL REVERE, JOHN SINGLETON COPLEY, 1768 7

8. THE RULE OF LAW AND SOVEREIGNTY The Tower of London Royal Governor’s Palace, Williamsburg, VA George Washington’s Mount Vernon 8

9. LIBERAL DEMOCRACY Upper left: MonticelloUpper right: Entrance Hall to Monticello Lower left: Virginia State CapitolLower Right: Portico of U.S. Supreme Court 9

10. RULE OF LAW: PROMISE FULFILLED Unknown Photographer, ca. 1890s Andrew Russell, 1869 Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 1948 The 19 th Amendment 10

11. THE RULE OF LAW: PROMISED DENIED Jacob Riis, How the Other Half Lives, ca. 1890 T.H. Matteson, “The Last of the Race,” 1847 Dorothea Lange, 1942 Marshall D. Rumbaugh, 1983 11

12. THREATS TO THE RULE OF LAW J.N. “Ding” Darling, 1937 Joseph Keppler, “Bosses of the Senate,” Puck, Jan. 23, 1889 Herb Block, March 29, 1950 12

13. THE LAW RULES 1.Why is Lady Justice blindfolded? 2.What do the scales represent and what do you notice about their position? 3.Why does she carry a sword? 4.What do the books and scrolls represent to her left? 5.Why is there a globe to her right? 6.Why is justice depicted as a woman? 7.How does this image and the observations you have made embody the basic principles of the rule of law? 13

14. The Center wishes to thank Scott Crawford for his contributions in developing this material. © Copyright 2016 Center for Teaching the Rule of Law 14