1. XX Century Art Pablo Picasso Andy Warhol From Modernism (Cubism) to Pre-Postmodernism (Pop Art)

3. Pablo Picasso (1881-1973) Guernica (1937) Title Type of picture Exhibit Observation Code Expressive function & Meaning The artist & background Viewer’s response > 8 protagonists including men and animals populate this sequence of absolute panic. There are no enemies, bombs or antagonists. Link: You Tube > Picasso Life and Art-Guernica (video 1:23) 8 protagonists (from left to right) A weeping woman A dead child in her arms A bull A dead soldier holding a broken sword and a flower A horse A woman leaning out of a window, holding a lamp/candle A woman running forward A woman surrounded by flames

4. Title / Artist/Date Pablo Picasso’s mural Guernica, 1937 Type of picture Immense black and white mural painted in oil. The painting is very large: 349 x 776 cm Exhibit Reina Sofia Museum Madrid Observation The mural depicts a the bombing of Guernica. It’s a scene of death, violence, brutality, and helplessness. It shows the suffering people and animals experience in the violence and chaos of war. second look The overall scene is within a room. There are humans, animals and buildings in this scene but there seems to be no background. Left side a mother holding her dead child a wide-eyed bull stands over the woman At the bottom lies a fallen soldier, still holding his broken sword from which a flower grows. In the centre: above the soldier is a horse whose body is pierced with a spear Right side Another woman trapped in a burning building CodeCubist style. Symbolism. Expressive function & Meaning A strong antiwar message – not only Spanish Civil War but any war. All the figures in the painting seem to be crammed together and thier mouths are open as though they are crying out. We get the feeling that the people and animals in the painting can’t get away from the horrors of war. They are trapped in their suffering. The artist & background Six days after the bombing of Guernica Picasso began work on mural for the Spanish Pavilion of the International Exhibition in Paris held in summer of 1937. Having accepted a commission from the Spanish government in January 1937 to paint a mural (11 feet 6 in high by 25 feet 8 in long). The theme of the mural was not decided until the bombing provided the topic. Guernica was painted in near monochrome (shades of grey with some purplish and bluish and brownish tints). Picasso almost created modern art. The most important artist of the last century. During his artistic career, which lasted more than 75 years (Spain 1881, France 1973) he created thousands of works, not only paintings but also sculptures, prints, and ceramics using all kinds of materials. Viewer’s response

5. What is Pop Art? Pop Art was a new style of art that began in England in the mid-1950s It was a rebellion against “serious art”. Pop artists wanted to show that art didn’t have to be serious. At the time, art critics didn’t think that magazine drawings or advertisements were really art. Andy Warhol was one of the first artist to try and make commercial art acceptable as serious art. In this way art became something popular, something for everybody to enjoy, not reserved for only a small group of people.

6. Andy Warhol (Pittsburgh US 1928- NY 1987) Marilyn Diptych (1962)

8. Analyzing art: a picture analysis guide Title – comes from, reminds of, seems to be borrowed from Artist Type of picture/Media Oil on canvas/board Oil, synthetic enamel and aluminium on canvas Collage on paper Oil, acrylic and silkscreened enamel on canvas Date of work Exhibit – it is exhibited at/in – It was exhibited at/in...until...(date) – It was transferred to.... in.... (date) Observation First look: an impression – It depicts,shows; the overall scene is Second look: the details. – List the objects, people, places and action in the painting. – Describe the scene. Code & technique How are the elements of art used? – Focus on: lines, shapes, colours... – Define: the light, the perspective, the painter’s approach Expressive function & style Subjects > the artist’s pictorial subject matter comes from two main sources:... Painting methods> e.g. Hopper > relatively few pictorial elements; use of light and shadow to heighten the scene’s emotive value. The artist & historical background Consider what the painting tells you about the time and place in which it was made. State what you know about the world in which the artwork was created (history, culture, art historical information etc.) Find connections between the artist’s life and artwork Meaning What do art critics say about the meaning of the painting? Recognition and commercial success The viewer’s response Think about how the painting relates to your own experience. What meanings,ideas, feelings, values does it communicate to you? – The viewer is left with several possible interpretations of the scene – It reflects....... (e.g. the post-war mood) – It releases...... (e.g. passions, tensions, uneasiness) – It conveys a sense of/ a feeling of.... (e.g. unease) – It’s a hunting/ picture with sharp contrasts