1. Guided By: Presented By: Mr. Soumen Bag Kuldeep kumar A111017

2. Introduction to Document Image Binarization 1 Background Study 2 References 4 Motivation 3

3. Separate the pixel values of the input grayscale image into two classes like background and foreground Segmentation for object regions from background It is usually performed in the preprocessing stage of different document image processing applications such as OCR, Text mining, word spotting etc Various techniques ◦ Global Thresholding ◦ Local Thresholding ◦ Adaptive Thresholding ◦ Morphological Operations

5. Introduction to Document Image Binarization 1 Background Study 2 Motivation 3 References 4

6. Moghaddam et al., Patt. Rec., vol. 43, pp. 2186–2198, 2010 ◦ It is a grid based multi-scale framework ◦ It has the ability to improve the binarization results and to restore weak connections and strokes Tabatabaei and Bohlool, ICIP, pp. 3573–3576, 2010 ◦ This method is based on background estimation by using morphological closing operation ◦ Morphological closing operation is used to compensate for uneven background illumination ◦ This method is independent of parameters

8. Introduction to Document Image Binarization 1 Background Study 2 Motivation 3 References 4

9. different degradations uneven illumination bleeding- through smear contrast variation  Perform well on the documents which do not suffer from serious document degradations  Fail to preserve the character strokes for different types of degraded document images Previous techniques

11. Introduction to Document Image Binarization 1 Background Study 2 Motivation 3 References 4

12. 1. Reza Farrahi Moghaddam and Mohamed Cheriet, “A multi- scale framework for adaptive binarization of degraded document images”. Vol 43 pp. 2186–2198,2010 2. W. Niblack, “An Introduction to Image Processing”. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 1986 3. N. Otsu, “A threshold selection method from gray-level histogram”, IEEE Trans. SMC, vol. 9, pp. 62–66, 1979. 4. J. Sauvola and M. Pietikainen, “Adaptive document image binarization,” Patt. Rec., vol. 33, pp. 225–236, 2000 5. Soumen Bag, Partha Bhowmick,Priyaranjan Behera and Gaurav Harit, “Robust Binarization of Degraded Documents using Adaptive-cum-Interpolative Thresholding in a Multi-scale Framework”,ICIIP 2011

13. 6. Bilal Bataineh, Siti Norul Huda Sheikh Abdullah and Khairuddin Omar, “An adaptive local binarization method for document images based on a novel thresholding method and dynamic windowsPattern Recognition Letters,vol. 32, pp.1805–1813,2011 7. Seyed Amin Tabatabaei and Mehdy Bohlool, “A Novel method for Binarization of badly Illuminated document Images “, IEEE 17th International Conference on Image Processing,2010 8. B.Gatos, K.Ntirogiannis, and I.Pratikakis, “ICDAR 2009 document image binarization contest (DIBCO 2009)”, in ICDAR, 2009, pp.1375-1382