1. Industrialization & Urbanization

2. After civil war changes in farm and city life Mechanization (e.g., the reaper) had reduced farm labor needs and increased production. Industrial development in cities created increased labor needs.

3. Factors resulting in growth of industry Access to raw materials and energy Availability of work force-immigration Inventions Financial resources Examples of big business Railroads Oil Steel

4. Reasons why cities developed Specialized industries including steel (Pittsburgh), meat packing (Chicago) Movement of Americans from rural(farms) to urban (cities) areas for job opportunities. Immigration from other countries.

5. Iron ore How did advances in transportation link resources, products, and markets? Transportation of resources (e.g., train). Moving natural resources (e.g., copper and lead) to eastern factories. Moving iron ore deposits to sites of steel mills (e.g., Pittsburgh). Transporting finished products to national markets. E = Steel Mills + Pittsburgh Train

6. Cities and Regions associated with industrialization Northeast –Boston –Pittsburgh –New York City Midwest –Chicago –Detroit Northeast Midwest

7. Examples of Manufacturing areas Textiles Industries – New England Steel Industry - Pittsburgh Meat Packing Industry-Chicago Automobile Industry – Detroit