1. (RD 4/00) Tony VanCuren Dane Westerdahl Research Division California Air Resources Board California Environmental Protection Agency Monitoring Smoke Exposures

2. (RD 4/00) Aerosols Carbon Soil Smoke What is smoke composed of? CO CO 2 NOxSO 2 VOCs PAHs P Soot

3. (RD 4/00) Occupational Exposure Levels CO up to 9 ppm SO 2 up to 9 ppm Formaldehyde up to 0.1 ppm PM 1000’s of ug/m 3

4. (RD 4/00) Health Impacts of Smoke Occupational Decreased Lung Function –Post Shift/Post Season Increased Airway Reactivity –Post Shift/Post Season Increased Eye + Nose Irritation

5. (RD 4/00) Health Impacts of Smoke Community Health Observations Poorly studied Asthma –increased hospital admissions –increased emergency room visits –increased purchase of medication

6. (RD 4/00) Continuous PM10 and PM2.5 Monitoring Plan -24-hr Integrated Samples -Detailed Chemistry at Few Sites -Population Weighted Siting

7. (RD 4/00) Routine Intermittent Monitoring Misses Most Fire Events

8. (RD 4/00) Time Resolved Data Improves Exposure Evaluation

9. (RD 4/00) PM 10 TEOM Measurements During Wildfire Event (Colusa, September 26, 1999) PM 10 TEOM Measurements During Wildfire Event (Colusa, September 26, 1999) Micrograms/cubic meter

10. (RD 4/00) PM 10 TEOM Measurements During Wildfire Event (Hoopa, October 21, 1999) PM 10 TEOM Measurements During Wildfire Event (Hoopa, October 21, 1999) Micrograms/cubic meter

11. (RD 4/00) Monitoring Continuous Monitoring –Nose –Airport visibility –Nephelometers and Transmissometers –TEOMs & BAMs –Drum Impactor –Data Ram –DustTrak Plan to retrieve and interpret both monitoring & health effects data.

12. (RD 4/00) Quick Response Monitoring Portable Real-Time Instruments –DataRam –DustTrak Portable Time Resolved Sampling –UC Davis / USFS Drum Impactor Instrument Trailers –Full Suite of Gas, Particle, and Meteorological Instruments

13. (RD 4/00) DataRam Mie Inc.

14. (RD 4/00) DustTrak TSI Inc. Stand Alone/Portable Internal Data Logging 2+Days on Internal Battery

15. (RD 4/00) Conclusions Impossible to Anticipate Severe Smoke Events Public Health Action Requires Real-Time Data Health Effects Research Requires Chemical and Size Data Rapid Deployment Requires Samplers Designed for Rugged Treatment and Simple Operation