1. Гуцан Юлия Александровна Материалы к урокам английского языка 2012 год

2. The woman is somewhere in the countryside. There is nobody with her. She isn’t carrying anything in her hands.

3. Which word do we use to talk about people? (nobody) Which word do we use to talk about things? (anything) Which word do we use to talk about places? (somewhere)

4. Is there anybody in the room? Yes, there is somebody in the room, but there isn’t anybody in the garden. There is nobody in the garden. For people we use: someone/somebody – affirmative anyone/anybody – interrogative Not anyone/anybody, no one/nobody - negative

5. Is there anything on the table? Yes, there is something on the table, but there isn’t anything on the chair. There is nothing on the chair. For things we use: something - affirmative anything – interrogative not anything / nothing - negative

6. Is Mary’s bag anywhere in the room? No, there isn’t anywhere in the room. It is nowhere. Is Paul’s bag anywhere in the room? Yes, it is somewhere in the room. It is under his desk. For places we use: somewhere – affirmative anywhere – interrogative not anywhere / nowhere - negative

7. 2.What did Dan say to Azdie? Dan didn’t say anything to Azdie. Dan said nothing to Azdie. 3.Where did the astronauts run? The astronauts didn’t run anywhere. The astronauts ran nowhere. 4.What did Joe and Dan eat? They didn’t eat anything. They ate nothing. 5.Who did the astronauts see outside the room? They didn’t see anybody. They saw nobody.

8. Present Simple Richard and Sarah work in the same office. What time do they start work? Sarah arrives at work at 9 o'clock but Richard doesn’t get to the office until 10 o’clock. Where are they? Do you think they work together?

9. Form affirmative: I speak, You speak, She speaks. interrogative: Do I speak? Do you speak? Does she speak? negative: I do not speak. You do not speak. She does not speak.

10. Spelling Rules + s opens, puts, ss, sh, ch, x, o + es scratches, mixes, does vowel + y + s says, plays consonant + y → ies tries, cries

11. Use Mr Gibson is a businessman. He lives in New York. He usually starts work at 9 am. He often stays at the office until late in the evening. What is his job? Where does he live? Do these things happen every day or these days?

12. Use 1 We use the Present Simple to talk about permanent states, repeated actions and daily routines.

13. Use The moon moves round the earth. Is it true that the moon moves round the earth?

14. Use 2 We use the present simple to talk about general truths or laws of nature.

15. Use The bus leaves in ten minutes. Is the bus leaving now? When does it leave?

16. Use 3 We use the present simple to talk about timetables or programmes.

17. Use He kicks the ball and passes it to Dawson. What are they doing? What is the commentator saying? When is this happening?

18. Use 4 We use the present simple for sports commentaries, reviews and narration.

19. Pronunciation /s/ in verbs ending in /f/, /k/, /p/, /t/ sounds coughs, takes, helps, repeats / ɪ z/ in verbs ending in /s/, / ʃ /, / ʧ /, / ʤ /, /z/ kisses, washes, touches, changes, loses /z/ in verbs ending in any other sound gives, says, runs, plays

20. Time Expressions usually every day/week/month/year on Mondays in the morning/in the afternoon always often

21. Present Perfect Simple This is Bob and Mary. Where do you think they are? Bob and Mary have been on holiday for a week. They’ve visited a lot of tropical beaches and they’ve swum in the blue sea. Have they bought any souvenirs yet? No, they haven’t.

22. Form have/has + past participle affirmative: They have left. We have arrived. He has left. She has arrived. interrogative: Have you arrived? negative: She hasn’t left.

23. Make sentences using the prompts below as in the example. 1. read/a newspaper/yesterday I haven’t read a newspaper since yesterday. 2. have/a break/this morning 3. travel/abroad/last summer 4. watch/TV/last night 5. buy/a present/December 6. write/a letter/Christmas 7. eat/dinner at a restaurant/last month

24. Use Kim has bought a new mobile phone. When did she buy a new mobile phone? Is it important to know when she bought it? Has she got a new mobile phone now?

25. Use 1 We use the Present Perfect for actions that happened at an unstated time in the past. The exact time is not important, so it is not mentioned. The emphasis is placed on the action.

26. Use He has been a car salesman since 1990. When did he become a car salesman? Is he still a car salesman?

27. Use 2 We use the present perfect simple for actions that started in the past and are still continuing in the present.

28. Use They have done their shopping. Have they started or finished their shopping? How do we know that?

29. Use 3 We use the present perfect simple for actions which have recently finished and their results are visible in the present.

30. Use He has made ten pots this morning. When did he start making pots? How many pots has he made? It’s still morning. Do you think he will make more pots?

31. Use 4 We use the present perfect simple with today, this morning/afternoon, etc. when these periods of time are not finished at the time of speaking.

32. Time Expressions for since already just always recently ever never yet lately so far today this morning how long

33. Present Continuous Bob and Claire aren’t working today. They’re on holiday. They’re having a nice time. What is Bob doing now? He is taking a picture of Claire.

34. Form am/is/are + Ving affirmative: She is studying interrogative: Is she studying? negative: She isn’t studying.

35. Spelling Rules + ing studying, mending, trying, cooking, sleeping -ie → y + ing lying, dying -e → ing diving, writing, taking double consonant + ing swimming, shopping, stopping, sitting

36. Use He is reading a book right now. When is the boy reading a book?

37. Use 1 We use the Present Continuous for actions happening now at the moment of speaking.

38. Use She is practising for a concert these days. When is she practising? What is she doing now?

39. Use 2 We use the present continuous for temporary actions that are going on around now, but not at the actual moment of speaking.

40. Use “You’re always interrupting me!” Do the students interrupt the teacher all the time? Is he annoyed by their behaviour?

41. Use 3 We use the present continuous with ‘always’ to express our annoyance for actions happening too often.

42. Use He is flying to Milan in an hour. Is everything ready for his trip? Has he got a ticket?

43. Use 4 We use the present continuous for fixed arrangements for the near future.

44. Time Expressions now at the moment these days at present always tonight still nowadays

45. Present Perfect Continuous How long has Karen been reading the book? She has been reading the book for three hours.

46. Present Perfect Continuous She is tired. Has she been playing? No, she hasn’t. She has been studying for two hours.

47. Form have/has + been + Ving affirmative: I have been studying. We have been studying. He has been studying. She has been studying. interrogative: Have you been studying? negative: She hasn’t been studying.

48. Make sentences using the prompts below as in the example. 1. Sam/work/for this company/two years Sam has been working for this company for two years. 2. Mary/teach/French/1990 3. The robbers/hide in a farmhouse/a week 4. Peter/make/model planes/1992 5. Julie/play the guitar/four years 6. The children/watch TV/for two hours

49. Use He has been painting the house for three days. When did he start painting the house? Has he finished painting it? Is he still painting it?

50. Use 1 We use the Present Perfect Continuous for an action which started in the past and continues up to the present.

51. Use They’re tired. They have been painting the garage door all morning. Are they painting the garage door now? Have they finished painting? Is it evident that they have just finished painting the door?

52. Use 2 We use the present perfect continuous for an action which has recently finished and its result is evident now.

53. He has known Mary for six months. I have liked Jim ever since I met him. We use the present perfect simple instead of the present perfect continuous with non- continuous verbs.

54. She has been living in New York for three years. She has lived in New York for three years. She has been feeling sick all week. She has felt sick all week. They have been working here since 1990. They have worked here since 1990. With the verbs live, feel, work we can use the present perfect continuous or the present perfect simple with no difference in meaning.

55. Time Expressions for since how long all morning/afternoon/day