1. Chapter 9
Family and Household

2. Chapter Outline What is the family?
What is the difference between family and household?
What are some of the challenges of family and household organization?

3. Family
In 1950, 60% of all U.S. households conformed to the nuclear family model.
Today, only 26% of U.S. households conform to the independent nuclear family ideal.
In the U.S. 28% of women have experienced domestic violence, and 10 are killed by their batterers every day.

4. Diagram: Independent Nuclear Family

5. Functions of the Family
Nurturance of children.
Economic cooperation.
Provide child with models from whom they can learn gender appropriate roles.

6. Definition of the Family
A group composed of a woman and her dependent children, with at least one adult man joined through marriage or blood relationship.
In most societies, families constitute households or households are built around families.

7. Households Basic residential units that implement: Economic production
Consumption
Inheritance
Child rearing
Shelter

8. Five Basic Residence Patterns
Patrilocal
Matrilocal
Ambilocal
Neolocal
Avunculocal

9. Diagram: Patrilocal Extended Family

10. Diagram: Avunculocal Residence

11. Family Organization and Problems
Polygamous families - potential conflict among spouses of the individual to whom they are married.
Polyandrous families - older husbands are apt to dominate the younger ones.

13. Family Organization and Problems
Extended families - decisions are made by an older individual whose views may not coincide with those of the younger family members.
Nuclear families - husbands and wives must work out their own solutions to the problems of living together and having children.

14. Female-Headed Households
45% households were nuclear families.
4.7% households were single parent families.
1998
26% households were nuclear families.
18.2% households were single parent families.