1. The Varieties of Religious Disbelief and Atheist Distrust Jordan HuzarevichJericho M. Hockett Western Washington University Washburn University The Varieties of Religious Disbelief and Atheist Distrust Jordan HuzarevichJericho M. Hockett Western Washington University Washburn University Results Background Method 191 subjects read a vignette about a target’s stated reason for disbelief, corresponding to the four factors/different kinds of atheism. Subjects were randomly exposed to one of the four factors. Experimental Vignette “Hi, my name is John. I’m a sophomore at Washburn University, majoring in Psychology and minoring in Biology. I’m really interested in politics, science, and especially religion, but I don’t believe in God or other supernatural entities. [Experimentally manipulated sentence here.] Eventually, I think I’d like to get a job in human resources.” Mind-blind: Their existence isn’t intuitive to me. Apathetic: I’m indifferent to their existence; my life has gone perfectly well without belief in them. inCREDulous: I wasn’t raised as a believer, and most of the people in the community I grew up in weren’t believers either. Analytic: I don’t think there is any persuasive evidence for their existence. Subjects rated the target on a Trust Thermometer which ranged from 0-100. Subjects reported their belief in God (i.e., I believe in God or a universal spirit) and the prosocial effect of supernatural monitoring (i.e., People behave better when they feel that God is monitoring their behavior). The data was analyzed with a one-way ANOVA. Norenzayan and Gervais (2013) identified four cognitive and cultural factors independently influencing the development of religious disbelief. Categorized as different kinds of atheism, the factors are: 1.mind-blind atheism—deficits in mentalizing (i.e., the intuitive ability to perceive other minds and understand that others’ actions are related to their mental states) 2.apatheism—indifference due to existential security 3.inCREDulous atheism—indifference due to lack of cultural learning 4.analytic atheism—rejection of intuitive biases that support supernatural beliefs Atheists are a distrusted minority of the American population. This atheist distrust may result (in part) from belief in the efficacy of “supernatural monitoring”—i.e., the belief that people behave better when they think that God is surveilling their behavior (Gervais, Shariff, & Norenzayan, 2011). Research Questions Is distrust of atheists influenced by the kind of atheism expressed? Does belief in the efficacy of supernatural monitoring mediate the relationship between belief in God and atheist distrust? Belief in God Trust of Atheists Belief in the Efficacy of Supernatural Monitoring Mean Trust Scores By Target Atheist Type Mediation Analysis of Supernatural Monitoring.396 * -.254* (-.194*) -.151 (p =.051) The ANOVA was statistically significant. Fisher’s LSD  Analytic atheists are significantly less trusted than Mind-blind (p =.035), Apathetic (p =.015), and inCREDulous (p =.016) atheists. Analytic atheists are less trusted (mean difference = 12) than their counterparts. A Sobel test confirmed that the effect of Belief in God on Trust of Atheists is partially mediated by Belief in the Efficacy of Supernatural Monitoring (z = -2.80, p =.005) *