1. World War 1

2.  Militarism  Alliances  Nationalism  Imperialism

3.  Triple Alliance  Germany, Italy, and Austri-Hungary  Franco-Russian Alliance  France and Russia  Entente Cordiale

4.  Austria Hungary declares war on Serbia  Russia immediately mobilized its army.  Germany declares war on Russia.  2 days later Germany declares war on France.  WORLD WAR 1 HAD BEGUN!!!

5.  Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand  Alliances are triggered.  Sinking of the Lusitania.  Sussex and Sussex Pledge  Zimmerman Telegram

7.  United States sent 14,500 men led by General Pershing  Needed more troops  Selective Service Act  American Expeditionary Force

8.  Rifles  Trench Digging  Gas Masks  Grenade Throwing  Bayonet Use  Convoys

9.  300,000 African Americans volunteered or were drafted  Nearly 4,000 died or were injured  Marines: Not Accepted  Navy: Menial Tasks Only  Army: Manual Labor  369th Infantry or Harlem Hell Fighters  Awarded the highest French Combat Medal

10.  Bolsheviks overthrow the Russian Republican Government  Lenin signed a truce with Germany  March 21, 1918 – Germany breaks the trench lines  By June 1918 the Germans were only 40 miles from Paris

11.  Battle of Chateau- Thierry  Mid July 1 st Battle at the river Marne  2 nd Battle at the Marne- Germans lost all hope of victory

12.  Tanks (Landships)  Allowed troops to crush over the barbed wire, were immune to machine guns and had tracks for wheels that allowed them to cross through the mud and craters of no- man’s land.  Zeppelins  Giant balloons used to drop bombs on British war ships at sea.  Wooden Plane  Planes could carry 4-5 small bombs at a time that could be dropped on enemy artillery and trenches.

13.  Bulgaria  Ottoman Empire  Austria-Hungary  Poles  Hungarians  Czechs  Slovaks

14.  Unlike the Flu  Didn’t target a certain age group  Could kill you within just a few days  Over 1 ½ Million Americans and estimated 30 Million Worldwide died as a result

15.  Approx. 50,ooo American soldiers died in battle  Total Death Toll of approx. 8 Million  Average 5,000 Soldiers per day  Sick & Wounded Out-numbered  Trench Foot  Lost Limbs  Poison Gasses  Genocide

16. Preparedness was not enough in itself. There was still more work to be done.

17.  Liberty Bonds- This was a way for the average American to show their patriotism and help support the war.  The United States raised over 20 billion dollars with them.

18.  War Industries Board  War Trade Board  National War Labor Board  National War Labor Policies Board  Labor Unions

19.  Lever Food & Fuel Control Act- August 1917  Slogan “Food will win the war”  Food Administration  Increase farm output, reduce waste  Hoover Imposed  Price Controls- a system on pricing determined by the government on the sale of food  Rationing- distributing goods to consumers in a fixed amounts  Lever ever Food and Fuel Control Act- Created the agency known as the Fuel Administration  Started the Daylight Savings Time- Turning clocks ahead 1 hour for summer, took an hour of sunlight from the morning when most people were sleeping to the evening. It increased the number of daylight hours available for work. Also reduced the need for artificial light and lowered fuel consumption.

20.  “Stop, before throwing any food away, and ask ‘can this be used?’… Stop catering to different appetites. No second helpings. Stop eating between meals …One meatless day a week. One meatless meal a day…No butter in cooking: use substitutes.”  Encourages women to play a role.

21.  News and information directly from government.  National Security League- 100% Americanism  “Hate the Hun” ▪ Espionage Act- Passed in 1917. This act made it illegal to interfere with the draft. ▪ Sedition Act- Amended the Espionage Act. This made it illegal to obstruct the sale of Liberty bonds, or to discuss anything “disloyal, profane, scurrilous, or abusive” about the American form of government, the Constitution, or the army and the navy.

22.  In one situation Americans found the briefcase German embassy staff member on an American train. In the briefcase were plans to turn the allies against the allies and disrupting the American economy.  Events such as this added to the American fear of spies and what they could do.  Americans boycotted Germany and all that Had to do with it.

23.  American Patriotism  Military drill became part of many school programs.  Children scouting programs adopted military style uniforms, marching, and patriotic exercises.  War Ended- Military Trends Ended

24.  Flow of Immigrants Slowed  Discriminated African Americans became Recruited  The Great Migration- 500,000 African Americans that left the South and headed to northern factories for work.  Political instability and the labor shortage in the United States led over 100,000 Mexicans to head north.

25.  Jobs on Farms  Telegraph Messengers  Elevator Operators  Letter Carriers  A few earned Management Positions  Some 400,000 in total  The navy was willing to enlist women but only in noncombat positions but the army only brought women in to fill temporary clerical positions.