1. Since 1920, women have more than double their share of the labor force.

2. Barbie® in the Labor Force 1.What percentage of women were working in 1880? 1.14.7 2. What percentage of women were working in 1890? 17.4 3. 1900? 18.8 4. 1910? 23.4 5. 1920? 21.1 6. What was the trend in women’s employment? Women’s employment increased each decade until 1920s. 7. What was the trend in men’s employment? Men’s employment increased each decade until 1920s. What might explain the drop in employment of both men and women in 1920? There was a recession in 1920 that extended into 1921. World War I had ended and the economy was transitioning from wartime to peacetime.

3. Barbie® in the Labor Force Labor Force- is the total number of workers, including both the employed and the unemployed. Unemployed- are people without jobs who are actively seeking work. So, labor force consists of people who are working and those who are not working but seeking work. 1.What happened to the share of the labor force held by men from 1920 through 1960? 1.It declined from 80% to 68%. 2. What happened to the share of the labor force held by women from 1920 through 1960? It increased from 20% to 32%.

4. Barbie® in the Labor Force Remember that in 1960, the share of women in the labor force was expected to grow to 34% by 1970. Determine from the graph what is the approximate percentage share of woman in the labor force in 1970? 38%

5. Barbie® in the Labor Force

7. 1959 Fashion Model 1960 Fashion Editor 1961 Singer Nurse Ballerina Stewardess 1963 Career Girl 1965 Student Teacher Astronaut 1973 Surgeon 1975 Olympic Skier 1985 Veterinarian 1986 Astronaut (in pink) 1991 Naval Petty Officer 1992 Presidential Candidate Business Executive Marine Corp Sergeant 1993 Army Medic 1995 Firefighter 1996 Olympic Gymnast 1997 Dentist 1998 WNBA Player 1999 Airline Pilot Business Executive Women's World Cup Soccer Player 2000 Olympic Swimmer 2002 Art Teacher 2003 Producer 2004 Presidential Candidate 2010 Race Car Driver Barbie® Time Line In your group use clues (popularity of careers over time, women’s entrance into certain careers over time, or different hair and clothing styles) to determine when in history each Barbie was developed and place each Barbie card on the date on the timeline you think the Barbie was introduced. Note that in a few cases, two or more Barbie careers were introduced in the same year.

8. Barbie® in the Labor Force

9.  1. According to the Onion article, how many of the top 500 American companies had a female CEO in 2005? 99  2. What percentage of Fortune 500 CEOs were female in 2005?  1.7  3. What is the trend in the appointment of female CEOs in Fortune 500 companies since 1995?  It is increasing.  4. Is the article merely humorous or is there an element of truth? Why or why not?  Onion is a satirical publication.

10. Barbie® in the Labor Force Bridging the Gender Gap: Why More Women Aren't Computer Scientists, Engineers 1.What are three reasons why so few young women choose to study computer science, physics, and engineering? They think those fields are not interesting; they feel they would not be good at the skills required in those fields; and they have an unattractive image of people who work in those fields. 2. Do you think of computer engineering as a “boy thing”? Why? Answers will vary. 3. Why should women consider computer science, physics, and engineering? These fields pay well and offer opportunities to do creative work. 4. How would women’s involvement in these fields benefit the economy? A greater diversity in products would result from a perspective and they should recognize that an increase in women’s income benefits their families. 5. What was one thing that happened in the 1970s that may have resulted in an increase in women becoming doctors and lawyers? Television programs depicted women in those roles, and women began entering into those fields. 6. What does Dr. Klawe suggest as ways to increase women’s interest in these fields? Women should be introduced to these fields just as they are entering college. Women in college should have to take an intro course in computer science-one that is fun.

11.  Choose the next Barbie career. You must justify why the timing of that career choice is appropriate.  Draw, find pictures or make a model of your next Career Barbie. Be creative and colorful.

12. “Barbie®” photographs © Mattel, Inc. 2012. All rights reserved. All “Barbie®” images appear courtesy of Mattel, Inc.

13. Presidential Candidate Army Medic Business Executive “Barbie®” photographs © Mattel, Inc. 2012. All rights reserved. All “Barbie®” images appear courtesy of Mattel, Inc.

18. Olympic Gymnast “Barbie®” photographs © Mattel, Inc. 2012. All rights reserved. All “Barbie®” images appear courtesy of Mattel, Inc.

19. WNBA Player Soccer Player Airline Pilot “Barbie®” photographs © Mattel, Inc. 2012. All rights reserved. All “Barbie®” images appear courtesy of Mattel, Inc.

20. Dentist Olympic Skier Presidential Candidate “Barbie®” photographs © Mattel, Inc. 2012. All rights reserved. All “Barbie®” images appear courtesy of Mattel, Inc.

21. Business Executive Olympic Swimmer Marine Corp Sergeant “Barbie®” photographs © Mattel, Inc. 2012. All rights reserved. All “Barbie®” images appear courtesy of Mattel, Inc.

22. Business Executive Marine Corp Sergeant Olympic Swimmer “Barbie®” photographs © Mattel, Inc. 2012. All rights reserved. All “Barbie®” images appear courtesy of Mattel, Inc.

23. Presidential Candidate Army Medic “Barbie®” photographs © Mattel, Inc. 2012. All rights reserved. All “Barbie®” images appear courtesy of Mattel, Inc.

24. Olympic Gymnast Dentist Olympic Skier Presidential Candidate WNBA Player Soccer Player Airline Pilot Business Executive “Barbie®” photographs © Mattel, Inc. 2012. All rights reserved. All “Barbie®” images appear courtesy of Mattel, Inc.