1. Starter 12/8/14 You have 10 minutes to study for your quiz. You have 10 minutes to study for your quiz. If you are too loud talking I will cancel the study time. If you are too loud talking I will cancel the study time. It is 10 questions. It is 10 questions. You must complete/answer the question. You must complete/answer the question.

2. Chapter 24 P. 88 Studying the Sun Today you will be able to: Determine a stars direction of movement. Describe the structure of the sun. How the sun produces energy.

3. 24.1 The Study of Light  Electromagnetic radiation – different types of energy associated with heat and light.  electromagnetic spectrum electromagnetic radiation according to wavelength and frequency.

4. Electromagnetic Spectrum

5. 24.1 The Study of Light  Nature of Light behaves like waves like particles  Photons A photon is a small packet of light energy. Bullet of energy

6. 24.1 The Study of Light  The Doppler effect - change in frequency of sound waves caused by the motions of the source and the observer.  In astronomy, the Doppler effect is used to determine whether a star or other body in space is moving away from or toward Earth.

7. The Doppler Effect

8. Keck Telescope

9. Hubble Space Telescope

10. 24.3 The Sun Our sun is one of a billion stars in the milky way galaxy. Ultimate source of energy for Earth. Can not be observed with the naked eye. Observed through a telescope by a projection on a wall.

11.   sun is made of gas, no sharp boundaries exist between its various layers.   we can divide the sun into four parts: the solar interior; the visible surface, or photosphere; and two atmospheric layers, the chromosphere and corona.

12. 24.3 The Sun  Photosphere The photosphere is the region of the sun that radiates energy to space, or the visible surface of the sun. Sun has a grainy texture made up of many small, bright markings, called granules, produced by heat convection. Most of the elements found on Earth also occur on the sun. Its temperature averages approximately (10,000ºF). 90% of surface is hydrogen, 10% Helium

13. Structure of the Sun

14. 24.3 The Sun  Chromosphere The chromosphere is the first layer of the solar atmosphere found directly above the photosphere. It is a relatively thin, hot layer of gases

15. Chromosphere

16. 24.3 The Sun  Corona The corona is the outer, weak layer of the solar atmosphere. Solar wind is a stream of protons and electrons ejected at high speed from the solar corona. These wind act on bodies in space and alter their appearance.

17. 24.3 The Sun  Sunspots Sunspots appear dark because of their temperature Less than that of the surrounding solar surface. Sunspots vary in 11 year cycles A sunspot is a dark spot on the sun that is cool in contrast to the surrounding photosphere.

18. Sunspots

19. 24.3 The Sun  Solar Flares solar flares can affect long-distance radio communications. Solar flares outbursts of energy that appear as a brightening of the region above a sunspot cluster. Can cause solar wind to intensify Auroras, are bright displays of ever-changing light caused by solar radiation interacting with the upper atmosphere in the region of the poles.

20. Solar Prominence

21. Aurora Borealis

22. 24.3 The Sun  Nuclear Fusion Nuclear fusion is the way that the sun produces energy. Fusion (fuse) = combine Chemical reaction converts four hydrogen nuclei into the nucleus of a helium atom, releasing a tremendous amount of energy. It is thought that a star the size of the sun can exist in its present stable state for 10 billion years. As the sun is already 4.5 billion years old, it is “middle-aged.”

23. Nuclear Fusion