1. Chapter 1: Foundations of Army JROTC and Getting Involved Lesson 9: Basic Command and Staff Principles Unit Basic Command and Staff Principles Citizenship in Action 1

2. Chapter 1: Foundations of Army JROTC and Getting Involved Lesson 9: Basic Command and Staff Principles Unit Basic Command and Staff Principles Citizenship in Action 1 Student Learning Activity Why use Command and Staff Principles? Command and staff actions must be accurate and timely. What will you learn to do? Demonstrate command and staff principles while performing the duties of a leadership position within the 8 th Battalion. Inquire Phase

3. Chapter 1: Foundations of Army JROTC and Getting Involved Lesson 9: Basic Command and Staff Principles Unit Basic Command and Staff Principles Citizenship in Action 1 (1 of 3) Visual 1 - Basic Command and Staff Principles Battalion Commander Executive Officer S1 Asst S3 S3 S5 S4 A Company B Company C Company D Company E Company Command Sergeant Major

4. Chapter 1: Foundations of Army JROTC and Getting Involved Lesson 9: Basic Command and Staff Principles Unit Basic Command and Staff Principles Citizenship in Action 1 (2 of 3) Visual 1 - Basic Command and Staff Principles Draw Your Company Organization Chart CO 1SG PSGs SLs Company Clerk Supply Sergeant

5. Chapter 1: Foundations of Army JROTC and Getting Involved Lesson 9: Basic Command and Staff Principles Unit Basic Command and Staff Principles Citizenship in Action 1 coordinating staff course of action S1 S3 S4 S5 echelon Key Terms

6. Chapter 1: Foundations of Army JROTC and Getting Involved Lesson 9: Basic Command and Staff Principles Unit Basic Command and Staff Principles Citizenship in Action 1 Inquire Phase (U1C1L9:V1) Coordinating Staff A) B) C) D) E) Click to see the correct answer

7. Chapter 1: Foundations of Army JROTC and Getting Involved Lesson 9: Basic Command and Staff Principles Unit Basic Command and Staff Principles Citizenship in Action 1 Inquire Phase (U1C1L9:V2) Course of Action A) B) C) D) E) Click to see the correct answer

8. Chapter 1: Foundations of Army JROTC and Getting Involved Lesson 9: Basic Command and Staff Principles Unit Basic Command and Staff Principles Citizenship in Action 1 Inquire Phase (U1C1L9:V3) Echelon A) B) C) D) E) Click to see the correct answer

9. Chapter 1: Foundations of Army JROTC and Getting Involved Lesson 9: Basic Command and Staff Principles Unit Basic Command and Staff Principles Citizenship in Action 1 Visual 1 - Basic Command and Staff Principles What does the S1 do? Responsible for Personnel and Administration Maintain Cadet Records in JUMS (awards and promotions)

10. Chapter 1: Foundations of Army JROTC and Getting Involved Lesson 9: Basic Command and Staff Principles Unit Basic Command and Staff Principles Citizenship in Action 1 Visual 1 - Basic Command and Staff Principles What does the S3 do? Responsible for Training and Operations Publish Training Schedules and Calendar Publish Battalion Operation Orders

11. Chapter 1: Foundations of Army JROTC and Getting Involved Lesson 9: Basic Command and Staff Principles Unit Basic Command and Staff Principles Citizenship in Action 1 Visual 1 - Basic Command and Staff Principles What does the S4 do? Responsible for Logistics and Security Conduct inventory of all battalion equipment Maintain accurate supply records in JUMS

12. Chapter 1: Foundations of Army JROTC and Getting Involved Lesson 9: Basic Command and Staff Principles Unit Basic Command and Staff Principles Citizenship in Action 1 Visual 1 - Basic Command and Staff Principles What does the S5 do? Responsible for Public Affairs and Information Publish Lion’s Roar Newsletter Coordinate with School newspaper and yearbook Advertise JROTC in school and community

13. Chapter 1: Foundations of Army JROTC and Getting Involved Lesson 9: Basic Command and Staff Principles Unit Basic Command and Staff Principles Citizenship in Action 1 Inquire Phase Why do we use a staff to make plans? What are some benefits of using a staff to make recommendations? A.Commanders are assured that they are making a decision based on all available information. B.Staff officers are better prepared because they can anticipate the needs of their area of responsibility. C.Commanders are still in control of the situation, and make the final decision.

14. Chapter 1: Foundations of Army JROTC and Getting Involved Lesson 9: Basic Command and Staff Principles Unit Basic Command and Staff Principles Citizenship in Action 1 Command and Staff Actions to Arrive at a Decision Think about how decisions are made at the battalion level. Gather Phase Step 1: Give the staff their Mission Step 2: Staff gathers the Information Available Step 3: Give the staff some Planning Guidance Step 4: Staff makes their Estimates Step 5: Commander makes his Estimate & then makes the Decision Step 6: Staff writes the OPORD Step 7: Commander gives his Approval Step 8: Publication of OPORD Step 9: Command & Staff Supervision

15. Chapter 1: Foundations of Army JROTC and Getting Involved Lesson 9: Basic Command and Staff Principles Unit Basic Command and Staff Principles Citizenship in Action 1 Step 1: Mission Think about how decisions are made at the battalion level. Gather Phase Command and staff actions begin upon the receipt of a mission from a higher headquarters and/or the development of a mission by the unit commander. The commander then analyzes the mission to identify the specific tasks the unit must accomplish.

16. Chapter 1: Foundations of Army JROTC and Getting Involved Lesson 9: Basic Command and Staff Principles Unit Basic Command and Staff Principles Citizenship in Action 1 Step 2: Information Available Think about how decisions are made at the battalion level. Gather Phase The staff provides any available information to the commander, who also attempts to obtain additional information from the next higher commander as early as possible. After analyzing the mission and reviewing the available information, the commander issues the planning guidance.

17. Chapter 1: Foundations of Army JROTC and Getting Involved Lesson 9: Basic Command and Staff Principles Unit Basic Command and Staff Principles Citizenship in Action 1 Step 3: Planning Guidance Think about how decisions are made at the battalion level. Gather Phase Planning guidance is the commander’s assistance to a staff in preparing or revising their estimates. This guidance spans more than one step. The amount of planning guidance varies with each mission. The commander does not select a course of action at this time because doing so would prevent objective and unbiased staff estimates.

18. Chapter 1: Foundations of Army JROTC and Getting Involved Lesson 9: Basic Command and Staff Principles Unit Basic Command and Staff Principles Citizenship in Action 1 Step 4: Staff Estimates Think about how decisions are made at the battalion level. Gather Phase Based on the mission and planning guidance, the coordinating staff sections prepare their staff estimates. The special staff, who may also prepare their own estimates. Coordinated staff estimates result in recommendations as to what specific actions the commander may take to accomplish the mission.

19. Chapter 1: Foundations of Army JROTC and Getting Involved Lesson 9: Basic Command and Staff Principles Unit Basic Command and Staff Principles Citizenship in Action 1 Step 5: Commander’s Estimate & Decision Think about how decisions are made at the battalion level. Gather Phase The commander considers the recommendations of the staff. Then the commander completes his or her own estimate Makes a decision Following the decision, the commander provides the staff with an overall concept of how the commander wants the operation conducted.

20. Chapter 1: Foundations of Army JROTC and Getting Involved Lesson 9: Basic Command and Staff Principles Unit Basic Command and Staff Principles Citizenship in Action 1 Step 6: Preparation of Plans & Orders Think about how decisions are made at the battalion level. Gather Phase After staff members completely understand the mission, they carefully analyze the decision and commander’s concept to determine what actions the unit must take to be successful. From this analysis comes the development of plans or orders.

21. Chapter 1: Foundations of Army JROTC and Getting Involved Lesson 9: Basic Command and Staff Principles Unit Basic Command and Staff Principles Citizenship in Action 1 Step 7: Approval Think about how decisions are made at the battalion level. Gather Phase Staffs normally submit the plans or orders to the commander for approval before submitting them for publication. Commander approves plan or directs the staff to make changes.

22. Chapter 1: Foundations of Army JROTC and Getting Involved Lesson 9: Basic Command and Staff Principles Unit Basic Command and Staff Principles Citizenship in Action 1 Step 8: Publication of Plans or Orders Think about how decisions are made at the battalion level. Gather Phase Publication of Plans or Orders

23. Chapter 1: Foundations of Army JROTC and Getting Involved Lesson 9: Basic Command and Staff Principles Unit Basic Command and Staff Principles Citizenship in Action 1 Step 9: Command & Staff Supervision Think about how decisions are made at the battalion level. Gather Phase Supervision of the orders must be continuous if the mission is to be successful. This could very well be the most important step. Without proper supervision, the best plan may fail. Proper supervision also allows the commander and staff to be constantly abreast of the situation and able to make changes as necessary.

24. Chapter 1: Foundations of Army JROTC and Getting Involved Lesson 9: Basic Command and Staff Principles Unit Basic Command and Staff Principles Citizenship in Action 1 Think about the roles that each staff position plays in the exercise. Simulated staff planning exercise: Battalion will visit Senior ROTC at a local University Arizona State University Grand Canyon University Set up the battalion staff positions including company commanders Think of benefits of the either place (pro and con) Consider Transportation, Meals, Communication, costs, Emergencies, possible problems, other equipment needed Recommend 1 location to the Battalion Commander Process Phase

25. Chapter 1: Foundations of Army JROTC and Getting Involved Lesson 9: Basic Command and Staff Principles Unit Basic Command and Staff Principles Citizenship in Action 1 Reflection: Why do you think delegation of authority is important? Why do you think common staff procedures are important? What did you learn from this staff exercise? How can you apply what you’ve learned in your everyday duties and responsibilities? Process Phase