2. Place the presidents in order: Jefferson Polk Tyler Washington Jackson Adams Van Buren Monroe J.Q. Adams Madison Harrison

3. Problems of Sectional Balance in 1850 What were the issues? Problems of Sectional Balance in 1850 What were the issues? California statehood. Southern pro-slavery extremist threatening secession. Underground RR & fugitive slave issue California statehood. Southern pro-slavery extremist threatening secession. Underground RR & fugitive slave issue

4. Read, “One American’s Story” p 481 So…what economic & cultural divisions existed in America? Chapter 15 – Nation Breaking Apart Modern Industrial v. Old fashioned Agricultural Creative/hard working/ inventive changes v. Slow/simple/backwards resist change

5. Chapter 15.1 – Tensions Rise Between North & South Today’s Targets: Analyze how events regarding slavery increased tensions between the North & South

6. Read “Land Use and Slavery” p. 488 What was driving slavery west? 1836-1840$321 million43% of total U.S. exports 1856 - 1860$744.6 million54% of total U.S. exports Cotton Exports % ? $745M $1.38B

8. Compare & Contrast the events presented between the North & South Industrial small farms large immigrant population abolished seen as threat to wage earners Seen as immoral agricultural small class of wealthy planters rely on cotton exports & slavery planters profit poor whites accept it wants expansion North: Economy North: Views on Slavery South: Economy South: Views on Slavery

11. Slavery and Territorial Expansion North: support the bill to prevent slaveholders form extending slavery into new territories, which would upset the balance of power in Congress; it passes the House of Representatives (Free-Soil Party pushes this) 6. North: California admitted as a free state slavery abolished in Washington D.C. 5. South: Rejects the bill; fails in the Senate Congress does not have the right to prevent private property 7. South: Congress will not pass laws regarding slavery in the territories Congress passed stronger runaway slave laws Wimot ProvisoCompromise of 1850

12. Compromise of 1850 p.483

13. The Crisis Deepens & Violence Erupts South now able to retrieve runaways & kidnap free blacks angers North – draws people to abolitionists’ cause Harriet Beecher Stowe writes Uncle Tom’s Cabin 8. Fugitive Slave Act 9. Kansas-Nebraska Act 8 a. Uncle Tom’s Cabin (a Novel by Stowe) Popular sovereignty allows people to vote on slavery or remain free violence breaks out in Kansas (“Bleeding Kansas”) & in Congress (“Bleeding Sumner”) Horrified Northerners about the brutality of slavery energized them to join abolition movement angered Southerners who felt it unfairly portrayed slavery

14. Kansas-Nebraska Act, 1854

15. What is the purpose of the poster? What law caused this Abolitionist poster? Does it violate the law?

16. Uncle Tom’s Cabin 1852 Uncle Tom’s Cabin 1852  Sold 300,000 copies in the first year.  2 million in a decade!  Sold 300,000 copies in the first year.  2 million in a decade!

17. Harriet Beecher Stowe (1811 – 1896) So this is the lady who started the Civil War. -- Abraham Lincoln So this is the lady who started the Civil War. -- Abraham Lincoln

19. Examine the illustration on p. 503 This is happening on the Senate floor - What Do You Think?

20. “Don’t mess with the South!” Sen. Charles Sumner (R-MA) Congr. Preston Brooks (D-SC) “Bleeding Sumner”

21. Free Soil Party & the Wilmot Proviso Free Soil! Free Speech! Free Labor! Free Men!  Frustrated northern Democrats.  Anti-slave members of the Whig Party.  Opposition to the extension of slavery in the new territories!  The extreme view  Frustrated northern Democrats.  Anti-slave members of the Whig Party.  Opposition to the extension of slavery in the new territories!  The extreme view The Free-Soil party was created by disagreements over the Wilmot Proviso. Why? Read p.483

22. Page 491. Slavery Dominates Politics

23. The “Forgotten Presidents” Zachary Taylor Millard Fillmore (Taylor’s V.P.) Franklin Pierce James Buchanan All lacked leadership skills that were needed at a time of crisis What characteristics might you need to lead the nation in the 1850s?

24. The 1848 Presidential Election Results a campaign of personalities – not the issues! √

25. The 1848 Presidential Election Results √ Milliard Fillmore became president in 1850 after Taylor’s death (a moderate favored compromise) Taylor was himself a slave holder from Louisiana

26. 1852 Presidential Election √ Franklin Pierce Gen. Winfield Scott John Parker Hale Democrat Whig Free Soil

27. √ Franklin Pierce Democrat A moderate or compromise candidate

28. 1852 Election Results Pierce was a likable candidat e that wasn’t going to light the fuse! 1852 Election Results Pierce was a likable candidat e that wasn’t going to light the fuse!

29. 1856 Election Results Buchanan said nothing about slavery 1856 Election Results Buchanan said nothing about slavery

31. View Story of Us Fugitive Slave Law & Uncle Tom’s Cabin ~28:30 – 34:00 Read 15.2 & complete handout p. 491

32. The Free Soil Party won 10 seats in Congress in the election of 1844 & a few more in 1848 & 10% of presidential vote More importantly, they made Slavery a key issue in national politics The Free Soil Party won 10 seats in Congress in the election of 1844 & a few more in 1848 & 10% of presidential vote More importantly, they made Slavery a key issue in national politics

33. List and explain 2 ways tension increased as A result of the Compromise of 1850: Issue 1Explain 1 Issue 2Explain 2

34. 15.1 Review – Complete the outline on the Left using the appropriate terms on the right: 1.Kansas Nebraska Act a. b. c. 2. Compromise of 1850 a. b. c. 3. Wilmot Proviso a. b. c. - Uncle Tom’s Cabin - Free-soil Party - Popular Sovereignty - Fugitive Slave Act - John Brown - War with Mexico - Stephen A. Douglas - “Bleeding Sumner” - Territory Expansion

35. Now, review the reading from 15.1 to check your outline & make corrections: 1.Kansas Nebraska Act a. b. c. 2. Compromise of 1850 a. b. c. 3. Wilmot Proviso a. b. c. - Uncle Tom’s Cabin - Free-soil Party - Popular Sovereignty - Fugitive Slave Act - John Brown - War with Mexico - Stephen A. Douglas - “Bleeding Sumner” - Territory Expansion

36. Now, write one expanding detail next to each a, b, c item: 1.Kansas Nebraska Act a. b. c. 2. Compromise of 1850 a. b. c. 3. Wilmot Proviso a. b. c. - Uncle Tom’s Cabin - Free-soil Party - Popular Sovereignty - Fugitive Slave Act - John Brown - War with Mexico - Stephen A. Douglas - “Bleeding Sumner” - Territory Expansion

38. Economy Labor System Views on slavery in the territories NorthSouth Industry & manufacturing Plantation agriculture Free, paid workers. Immigrants took industrial jobs Slavery labor force. Many poor Farmers. Workers opposed slavery because they feared competition For jobs. Wanted to take Slave property into the territories.

39. What role did these people play in passing the Compromise of 1850? Henry Clay Kentucky Daniel Webster Massachusetts Stephen A. Douglas Illinois Wrote the bill that addressed the California issue & preserved the Union “The Great Compromiser” Gave speeches to support the bill In order to preserve the Union. Work to win passage of the plan. Known as the Compromise of 1850.

40. What were the terms of the Compromise of 1850? To please the North: California admitted as a free state the slave trade would be abolished in Washington D.C. To please the South:  Congress would not pass any new anti-slave laws in the Mexican Cession.  Congress would pass a law to help slaveholders recapture runaway slaves.