1. Landmark Cases

2. Short-answer question The Supreme Court is the highest court in the judicial branch. In what ways does the Supreme Court interact with the legislative and executive branches?

3. Gibbons v. Ogden The State of New York has given Gibbons the exclusive right to operate steamboats within New York. Ogden has a federal license to operate between New Jersey and New York (interstate commerce) Is it possible for both the states and federal government to regulate interstate commerce? No. The federal government has sole power to do so. John Marshall

4. Gideon v. Wainwright (1963) In Fl, Clarence Earl Gideon was charged with breaking into a pool hall and stealing $5 and some refreshing adult beverages. He could not afford a lawyer, so he had to defend himself in court. He was convicted, but he later appealed, arguing that the 6 th amendment guaranteed him a lawyer. The 6th Amendment says that “in all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right... to have the assistance of counsel for his defense.” The Supreme Court agreed with Gideon; now people are granted public defenders

5. Korematsu v. United States On December 7, 1941, during the early part of World War II, Japan bombed the U.S. naval base at Pearl Harbor in Hawaii. The next day, the U.S. declared war on Japan. Worried that people with Japanese ancestry might be loyal to Japan and become spies, the U.S. military issued an “exclusion order” for certain regions on the west coast. It required everyone with Japanese ancestry—even U.S. citizens—to leave the area and live in a military-controlled detention center. These centers were known as “internment camps.” U.S. Citizen Fred Korematsu sued saying that it was illegal to target in for his race. The Court disagreed and ruled that, during wartime, the government could suspend civil liberties. The U.S. government later apologized and gave all the victims $20,000.

6. United States v. Nixon During the Watergate scandal, President Nixon refused to give up recordings of White House conversations he had made, claiming the fell under executive privilege. The Court ruled that the criminal justice system may need to overrule the President’s executive privileged. Rule of law.

7. Texas v. Johnson During the presidential campaign, a Texan burned an American flag in protest. Johnson argued that burning a flag fell under First Amendment protections. The Court agreed, ruling that this was a political act and therefore political expression.