1. French Revolution French Revolution Clip What is frequently the outcome of revolutions? How is the French Revolution similar to other conflicts we have studied?

2. What is a Revolution? “A forcible overthrow of a government or social order for a new system.” – Can be a replacement of ideas.

3. The Stages of Revolution 1. Impossible demands made of government which, if granted, would mean its end. 2. Unsuccessful government attempts to suppress revolutionaries. 3. Revolutionaries gain power and seem united. 4. Once in power, revolutionaries begin to quarrel among themselves, and unity begins to dissolve. 5. The moderates gain the leadership but fail to satisfy those who insist on further changes.

4. Arab Spring Timeline

5. What is the Arab Spring? A string of revolutionary protests, demonstrations and wars in Arab countries that began on Dec. 18, 2010. The term “Spring” refers to the “Spring of Nations,” a string of European revolutions in 1848.

6. Beginnings Started by Mohamed Bouazizi in Tunisia. He was 26 years old and the supporter of his mother and 6 siblings. He sold produce from a cart. The police asked him for his permit and tried to seize his cart, a policewoman slapped him in the struggle.

7. Beginnings (Continued) Because he was publically humiliated and out of work, he went to the government building and set himself on fire. Others started protesting right away, the protests were caught on camera and shared on the internet.

10. Tunisia Government overthrown on Jan. 14, 2011. President Zine el Abidine Ben Ali flees into exile. Elections for a Constituent Assembly held on Oct. 23, 2011.

11. Egypt Government overthrown on Feb. 11, 2011. President Hosni Mubarak steps down, faces charges of killing unarmed protesters. Elections held on Nov. 28, 2011. Protests continue in Tahrir Square. Currently writing a constitution and awaiting elections for the new government. Concern about The Muslim Brotherhood, a radical Islamic group.

12. Hosni Mubarak 4 th President of Egypt. 1981-2011 He was a dictator, the revolutionaries wanted democracy.

13. Muslim Brotherhood An Islamic religious and political organization dedicated to the establishment of a nation based on Islamic principles. Founded in Egypt in 1928, it has become a radical underground force in Egypt and other Sunni countries, promoting strict moral discipline and opposing Western influence, often by violence.

14. Libya Muammar Gaddafi, in power since 1969 when he overthrew the King. February 14, 2011,(three days after fall of Mubarak!) protestors organize on Facebook. UN resolution to enforce a “no fly zone” to prevent Gaddafi from using his air force to crush rebels.

15. Syria Protests for political reforms have been ongoing since Jan. 26, 2011 with continuing clashes between the Syrian army and protesters. On one day in July, 136 people were killed when Syrian army tanks stormed several cities.

16. Bahrain Shiite protestors gathers in Pearl Square, Manama to challenge the Sunni King of Bahrain The King used military force to disband the protestors Saudi Arabia, a Sunni country sent troops to back the King Iran, a Shiite country, called the Saudi intervention “unacceptable” The American 5 th fleet is stationed in Bahrain

17. Assignment Website Who, what, when, where, how, and significance of the conflict. – Who is Bashar Al Assad? – What are the differences which cause discord among the rebels?