1. RENAISSANCE 1300 - 1600ce RENAISSANCE MEANS REBIRTH RENAISSANCE MEANS REBIRTH REBIRTH OF LEARNING AND A REDISCOVERY OF IDEAS WHICH WERE LOST DURING THE DARK AGES. REBIRTH OF LEARNING AND A REDISCOVERY OF IDEAS WHICH WERE LOST DURING THE DARK AGES. PEOPLE BEGAN TO EXPLORE & INVESTIGATE THE WORLD AROUND THEM. PEOPLE BEGAN TO EXPLORE & INVESTIGATE THE WORLD AROUND THEM.

2. A TIME OF GREAT ARTISTIC, INTELLECTUAL, & ORIGINAL CREATIVITY. A TIME OF GREAT ARTISTIC, INTELLECTUAL, & ORIGINAL CREATIVITY. NEW VIEW OF THEMSELVES & THE WORLD. HOW? NEW VIEW OF THEMSELVES & THE WORLD. HOW? - HUMAN- CENTERED INSTEAD OF - HUMAN- CENTERED INSTEAD OF CHURCH CHURCH 1. INDIVIDUAL ACHIEVEMENT & 1. INDIVIDUAL ACHIEVEMENT & GLORY GLORY 2. APPRECIATION OF WORLDLY 2. APPRECIATION OF WORLDLY PLEASURES. PLEASURES.

3. EXAMPLES Autobiographies Autobiographies celebrating the HERE and NOW. celebrating the HERE and NOW. Focus on worldly subjects. Focus on worldly subjects.

4. Middle AgesRenaissance Purpose of artGlorify GodGlorify the individual PoliticsLocal/feudal lords ruledKings in England, France, and Spain centralized power SocietyChurch as center of activitySecular/material world becomes a vital part of life ReligionFocus of one’s lifeImportant but not most dominant EducationChurch promoted it to prepare students for religious life Stressed teaching of history, arts, ethics, and public speaking Differences between the Middle Ages and Renaissance

5. MedievalRenaissance Two Dimensional Distorted proportions Lacking perspective Religious Hieratic Scale Three Dimensional Realistic Glorifies Individual Uses mathematics to create scale / perspective Humanism Differences between the Middle Ages and Renaissance

6. QUESTIONS TO ASK: 1. Who is the central person in the Medieval painting? 2. Why do you think the others in the painting are so much smaller? 3. What is the main event in the Renaissance painting? 4. How does Christ compare in both paintings? Background Information to follow

7. Differences between the Middle Ages and Renaissance

8. PERSPECTIVE

9. PERSPECTIVE

11. DONATELLO(1386-1466) USED REALISM USED REALISM WORKS: DAVID – FIRST FREE WORKS: DAVID – FIRST FREE STANDING NUDE IN EUROPE STANDING NUDE IN EUROPE

12. NICCOLO MACHIAVELLI (1469-1527) POLITICAL THINKER KNOWN FOR THEORIES ON GOVERNMENT POLITICAL THINKER KNOWN FOR THEORIES ON GOVERNMENT WORKS: THE PRINCE WORKS: THE PRINCE HOW TO GAIN & KEEP POWER AS A RULER HOW TO GAIN & KEEP POWER AS A RULER IMMORAL ACTS JUSTIFIED IMMORAL ACTS JUSTIFIED “THE ENDS JUSTIFIES THE MEANS” “THE ENDS JUSTIFIES THE MEANS”

13. MACHIAVELLI Machiavellian advice seemed to encourage harsh treatment of citizens, rival states Describes men as “ungrateful, fickle, liars, and deceivers” Advises rulers to separate morals from politics Power, ruthlessness more useful than idealism Ruler must do whatever necessary to maintain political power, even if cruel Machiavelli’s theory that “the end justifies the means” deviated from accepted views of correct behavior Idea that state an entity in itself, separate from its ruler, became foundation for later political philosophy

14. MACHIAVELLI

15. HIGH RENAISSANCE APPROX 1500 – 1600)

16. MICHELANGELO(1475-1564)- Most famous artist of the Most famous artist of the Renaissance Renaissance Works: David Works: David Pieta- Christ draped over Pieta- Christ draped over Mary Mary Sistine Chapel- 4 years to Sistine Chapel- 4 years to create. create. The Dome of St. Peter’s The Dome of St. Peter’s Chapel- in Rome. Chapel- in Rome.

17. MICHELANGELO

18. DAVID

19. PIETA

20. SISTINE CHAPEL

21. CREATION OF MAN

22. The Dome of St. Peter’s Cathedral

23. LEONARDO DA VINCI(1452-1519) Artist, writer, scientist, engineer, inventor. Artist, writer, scientist, engineer, inventor. “THE RENAISSANCE MAN” “THE RENAISSANCE MAN” Works: Mona Lisa Works: Mona Lisa The Last Supper The Last Supper

24. LEONARDO DA VINCI

25. MONA LISA

26. THE LAST SUPPER

27. RAPHAEL(1483-1520) Works- School of Athens- Greatest figures Of the Renaissance Works- School of Athens- Greatest figures Of the Renaissance Created with typical Renaissance self-confidence? Created with typical Renaissance self-confidence? PLATOARISTOTLE PLATOARISTOTLE LEFTRIGHT LEFTRIGHT

28. RAPHAEL

29. RAPHAEL

30. CHECKPOINT How were Renaissance ideals reflected in the arts? How were Renaissance ideals reflected in the arts?Answer: Artists emphasized classical subjects and the human form, and used new techniques for showing subjects more realistically.

31. CHECKPOINT Why was the invention of perspective necessary for artists to achieve realism in painting? Why was the invention of perspective necessary for artists to achieve realism in painting?Answer: Without it, artists could not show objects as the eye sees them.