1. WWII The Beginning

2. Hitler feeling no worry from Stalin in the East now begins his plan to conquer Poland. Hitler uses the attack strategy Blitzkrieg. This strategy used a quick strike of planes, tanks, and massive infantry. Overwhelm the opponent quickly and take them by surprise. Stalin begins attack on Eastern half of Pol. Soviets begin process of annexing Lith., Lat., and Est.

4. German attacks cont. The “Phony War” waiting for the attack from the Ger. The invasion of Denmark & Norway. Bases built on Den./Nor. Coasts. (?) The Maginot Line. The failure of the French to look at Hist. (?) The Schliefen Plan (?)

5. The fall of France Ger. Able to avoid Maginot Line. 10 days Ger. At France Northern coast. Merge with German soldiers occupied in Belg. Allied troops trapped along coast at Dunkirk. The rescue at Dunkirk. 850 yachts, lifeboats, motorboats, fishing boats are used to save 338,000 soldiers. From May 26-June 4 th crossing the English Channel.

7. The fall of France cont. June 14, 1940 the Germans take Paris. A week later Fr. Govt. officials surrender. Ger. Allow puppet govt. in southern France in the city of Vichy. Charles de Gaulle Fr. General in exile in London. All effort goes to reclaiming France. Uses radio broadcasts to org. Free French mil. To battle Ger.

8. Winston Churchill Distanced himself from Chamberlin. Uncompromising towards Hitler and Nazi’s. Brilliant speaker, used this ability to rally his country men/ women to stay the course.

9. Battle of Britain France controlled Hitler now turned sights to G.B. Take out G.B. air force, and the use of total war. Technological advances: Radar, and Ger. Enigma machine. Preventive measures taken for citizens: Air raid sirens, subways. Difficulty of taking Britain stuns Hitler.

10. Hitler’s new target. After being turned away by G.B. Hitler focuses on Eastern Europe and Mediterranean. (?) Looks to assist Musso., in N.Africa. Conquer G.B. controlled Egypt Suez Canal. Gain control of oil fields in middle east. Key reason for attack. Britain going to strike back!!! Erwin Rommel take control of Ger. Afrika Korps, gains control of Toburk.

11. Now to the East. Gaining control of the Balkans region was key to attacking Russia. Gains control of Bulg., Rom., & Hung. Uses fear, and threat of force. Yugo., and Greece fight back. Yugo. Defeated in 11days, Greece defeated in 17 days. Hitler begins Operation Barbarossa. (?)

12. Operation Barbarossa Launch the largest invasion the world had ever seen on Russia. Soviets unprepared for invasion. Lacked proper equipment and proper training. The Soviets retreat further and further into Russia use scorched-earth strategy.(?) The battle at Leningrad, Ger., bomb food warehouses. Leningrad cut off from rest of country. German army uses starvation in an effort to force the city to fall. 1 million die that winter.

13. Operation Barbarossa cont. Hitler again frustrated with by time taken for Russian city to fall turns focus to Moscow. Nearly capture the capital city. The German army unprepared for winter. Stalemate occurs on outskirts of Moscow. Germans maintain occupation until March 1943.

14. The United States Passes Neutrality Acts Makes it illegal to sell arms or lend money to nations at War. In an effort to help allies politically, F.D.R. helps pass the Lend-Lease Act. Lend arms and other supplies to countries vital to U.S. U.S. escorting G.B. ships carrying U.S. arms. Leads to the Atlantic Charter. Upholds free trade among nations. Gave people the right to choose their own govt.

15. Bringing the U.S. into war The Atlantic Charter is going to be used as a peace plan post WWII. In the fall Ger. U-boat fires on US destroyer. FDR gives orders to shoot Ger. Subs on sight. America involved in unofficial naval war.

16. Review Hitler invades Poland to officially start WWII France forgetting history (?) The bombing of Britain (?) Technological advances (?) Hitler in N.Africa/ Balkans (?) Operation Barbarossa (?) Scorched-Earth strategy (?)

17. Review Continued Hitler’s mistakes (impatience) (?) U.S. maintains isolationist even after the start of WWII. Lend-Lease Act (?) Atlantic Charter (?) U.S. unofficial start into WWII (?)

18. Japanese expansion Japan has been battling Chinese, drains economy look to S.E. Asia for resources Jap. Overrun Fr. Indochina, Cambodia, Laos. US going to send aid to the Chinese U.S. cracks the Jap. Code realize their plan for S.E. Asia. Concerned with U.S. controlled Philippines.

19. Japanese Expansion Cont. As a result of the Jap. Plans, FDR cutoff oil shipments to Jap. Although facing oil shortage Jap. continue conquests Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto believed the only way to continue conquests, was to take out U.S. pacific fleet The US broke Jap. Code knew an attack was coming but did not know where

20. Pearl Harbor Japan attacks the pacific fleet in Hawaii During this attack Jap. Also going launch attacks on G.B. controlled Hong Kong and US controlled Guam/ Wake island. Both Guam and Wake Island going to fall easily.

21. After Pearl Harbor Japan now turning focus to Philippines The reasons for this focus was the resources in the Philip. Oil, rubber plants, militarism, imperialism Japan is finally going to take control of Burma. Now has control of 1million sq. miles, 150million people within this area.

22. The Philippines The Japanese were ruthless to the P.O.W.’s (?) The Jap. Soldier felt it was dishonorable for anyone to surrender. Treated with contempt (disgust) The Bataan Death March (?)

23. Allies counter attack US feels need for revenge after Pearl Harbor Col. Doolittle bomb Tokyo and other cities. Takes away invincibility of Japanese (?) After attack leads to Jap. Next target air force base in New Guinea

24. Allies counter attack Cont. Attack on Allied air Force base leads to the battle of Coral Sea. Although allies lose more troops, planes they are able to stop the Japanese advance south.

25. Battle of Midway Before this battle US could not match Jap. Navy Jap. Wanted to take out US fleet after being embarrassed by Doolittle raid. US believed the Jap. Had broke the US code so to see Admiral Nimitz of the US sent a distress signal. The Jap. Are going to go for the bait

26. Battle of Midway cont. The Jap. Attack expecting to see US fleet under distress. US had aircraft carriers in the distance for planned attack Once 1 st Jap. Plane takes off the attack begins Jap. Lose 332 planes and have 4 aircraft carriers sunk

27. Allied advances After the lost at Midway Jap. Will now be on the run Douglas MacArthur going to lead the “island-hop” campaign (?) This campaign began at the Solomon islands (Battle of Guadalcanal)

28. Review Japanese battle struggles with the Chinese leads to what (?) US break Japanese code and realize attack is coming (?) FDR places shipping embargo on Japan(?) Japanese bomb Pearl Harbor (?) Japanese have taken most of South Pac.

29. Review cont. Japanese take control of US controlled Philippines (?) Treat POW’s badly, why (?) Allies launch counter Doolittle Raid (?) The Battle of Coral Sea (?) Battle of Midway (?) “Island-Hop” Campaign (?)

30. The Allied Invasion of Europe

31. Review from EUROPE/ S. PACIFIC Hitler has taken control of most of western Europe including France Hitler scared Bulg., Rom., & Hung. To join axis. Defeated Yugo., and Greece The official battle strategy used by Ger. Blitzkrieg Hitler launches plan for crown jewel (?)

32. Review cont. Japan expands in S. Pacific, why(?) Brings US into war by bombing Pearl Harbor Leads to Doolittle raid (?) Battle of Coral Sea Battle of Midway (?) “Island-hop” campaign

33. Allies invade N. Africa Rommel has forced the Brits 2/3 of the way back to Egypt General Montgomery (G.B.) sent to aide troops in N. Africa Ger. Dug in so well the only way to win the battle is frontal attack leads to Battle at El-Alamein. “Monty” (G.B.) defeats Rommel (Ger.) puts Ger. On the run to the west.

34. Turning Point The allies launch Operation Torch send 100,000 US troops Gen. Montgomery attacks from the East Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower (IKE) US attacks from the West Gen. Patton US tank Commander pushes Rommel east> meets resistance from Vichy troops

35. Turning point cont. Rommel flees, when he arrives back Hitler fires him Smashed Rommel & his Afrika Corps. In May 1943

36. Invasion of Italy Churchill/ Roosevelt meet at Casablanca, Morocco Stalin wanted the allies to attack France Allies attack Italy 1 st by July 10, 1943 occupy Sicily The “Soft underbelly” (?) King Emmanuel of Italy has Mussolini arrested

37. Invasion of Italy cont. Fascism is outlawed Mussolini is rescued by Hitler when Ger. Occupies N. Italy. Put back into power Leads to Bloody Anzio located 50 miles south of Rome, heavy losses by allies. Allies victorious. Mussolini caught & shot By May 1945 Allies have control of Italy

38. The use of Total War Not only were citizens targets, but places they worked converted to wartime factories 17-18 million women had jobs in the war industry Govt. begin rationing goods and foods to conserve them

39. The use of Total War cont. Individuals sacrifice for the war efforts> US rationed, produced goods: Gas, meat, coffee Europe doing their part saves scrap metal

40. While in the US By Feb 1942 Japanese Americans put in internment camps & lose their property US uses propaganda against all Japanese people> viewed as enemies, traitors This is done through an Exec. Order by FDR> Threat to country 2/3 of those imprisoned were born in US

41. D-Day Invasion Allies invade France largest land/sea attack in history Ger. Lead by re-hired Rommel build the Atlantic Wall miles of concrete and steel anti-aircraft cannons Allies carpet bomb cost of France> Drop paratroopers behind enemy lines (?) 101 st Airborne

42. D-Day Invasion cont. Gen. Patton (US) used as decoy to appear the allies were going to attack Calais Launched on June 6, 1944. Known as Operation Overload: 5 locations pinpointed for attack> Utah (US), Omaha (US), Gold (GB), Juno (GB), Sword (Can.).

43. D-Day invasion cont. Massive losses by allied forces however, success regardless. Stalin happy with 2 nd front launched in France. Russia dealing with own advancement.

44. Battle of the Bulge Allies advancing from the West Soviets advancing from the East (?) Last risk move by Hitler sent massive tank units to a hopeful victory against the allies (US, GB) in the West Initially successful allies able to push the tanks back became known as the Battle of the Bulge

45. Germany’s surrender The allies (3 million) and the soviets (6 million) race to Berlin (?) April 25, 1945 Soviet shells begin to pound the city Hitler marries Eva Braun on April 29 and commits suicide May 7, 1945 Gen. Eisenhower accepts unconditional surrender

46. Germany surrender cont. FDR has died on April 12. Harry Truman takes over May 9 th surrender officially signed

47. Victory in the Pacific The allies land on Leyte The battle of Leyte gulf ensues Jpn. Use Kamikazes- Japanese suicide pilots As a result the Jpn. Has little to defend with their navy suffering mass losses US able to take Iwo Jima in 1 month Okinawa was next bloodiest land battle 100,000 Jpn. Lost 12,000 Americans

48. Victory in the Pacific cont. US advisers est. 1 million troops needed to invade Japan> ½ million expected losses Tojo & Japan refused to surrender, even facing US invasion of Japan Manhattan Project: US scientist work on new technology of splitting an atom led by Groves and Oppenheimer

49. Victory in Pacific cont. Los Alamos, NM test bomb & was ready Aug 6, 1945 Truman orders the bomb dropped on Hiroshima: Japan still refuses to surrender (70-80,000 die) Nagasaki- Bombed 3 days later (70,000 die) V-J Day- Sept.2, 1945-Japan surrenders, sign surrender on USS Missouri led by Gen. MacArthur WWII ends