1. Bellringer SOL Challenge
Have out your timeline and map from last class!
Review Questions (we’ll do them together)
When did the Germans invade Poland?
What was the significance of the Battle of Britain?
What was Operation Barbarossa?
What was the significance of the bombing of Pearl Harbor?
BJOTD: What do you call Robin Hood’s mom?
Events for Timeline:

2. Agenda SOL Challenge Review Notes Timeline/Map SOL Wrap-Up
Cake Project!

3. World War II:

4. European Theatre

5. North Africa
After Pearl Harbor, Allies decide to open a 2nd front in Africa, not France against the Axis Powers
Angers Stalin
Nazis push the Allies back in August of 1942
Battle of El-Alamein, 23 October – 5 November 1942
Allied victory against Rommel’s Axis forces
Operation Torch
November 8th, 1942: Allied forces land behind Rommel’s troops and wipe out the Afrika Korps
Allies led by General Dwight D. Eisenhower

6. Battle of Stalingrad
Hitler wanted to control the industrial center at Stalingrad
Began August 23, 1942
By early November, the Germans controlled 90% of the city
Soviets counterattack, cutting the Germans off from their supplies and starving them through the winter
February 2, 1943: 90,000 frostbitten and starved Germans out of the original 300,000 surrender to the Soviets

7. Battle of the Atlantic On-going from 1941-1943
German U-boats vs. Allied shipping convoys
Goal for Germany: cut off Great Britain from its supplies
After 2 convoys are sunk, Allies respond by having planes fly escort for convoys
Allies win, but at a cost:
3,500 merchant ships, 175 warships lost
Germans only lost 783 U-boats

8. Operation Overlord
Plan: to invade Normandy, France from across the English Channel on June 6, 1944 (D-Day)
Largest land and sea attack in history
Commander: General Dwight Eisenhower
Allied forces landed on 5 different beaches along the coast of France
Utah, Juno, Sword, Gold, Omaha
Allies took heavy casualties (10,000), but held the beaches
This victory gave the Allies a base from which to continue marching towards Germany

10. Battle of the Bulge
As the Allies moved in from France, the Soviets moved in from the East and the Germans were getting desperate
Hitler decided to counterattack in the West
December 16, 1944: Hitler sent his German tanks through a weak spot in the American defense in the Ardennes
Allies eventually pushed back and won, forcing the Germans into retreat

11. Germany Surrenders Unconditionally
By late March of 1945: Allies crossed the Rhine River into Germany
By April 25, 1945: Soviets surrounded the capital city of Berlin from the East
Hitler committed suicide on May 1, 1945
May 7, 1945: General Eisenhower accepted the unconditional surrender of Germany
Unconditional surrender: surrendering without making any demands or pleas
President Roosevelt had died on April 12; President Truman received the news of the surrender

14. Pacific Theatre

15. Battle of the Coral Sea
Fought in May, 1942 when an American fleet intercepted a Japanese strike force on its way to Australia
Both fleets of ships faced each other and fought without firing a single shot
Battle fought by air
Battle was a draw
Allies lost more ships than the Japanese, BUT
Allies STOPPED Japanese southward expansion

16. Battle of Midway Japan’s next target was the island of Midway
Americans had broken the Japanese intelligence code, and knew they were coming
June 4, 1942: Allies launched a surprise attack, destroying over 300 Japanese planes as they waited to take off from carriers
Battle ended by June 6, 1942 with a Japanese retreat
Marked the turning of the tide of the war in the Pacific

17. Battle of Guadalcanal
Commander of the Pacific: General Douglas MacArthur
Strategy: to “island-hop” past the strong Japanese bases to get himself closer to Japan itself, then cut supply lines
Battle of Guadalcanal: August 7, 1942-February 1943
Fight over the Soloman Islands in the Pacific
Japanese stayed until they lost 23,000 out of 36,000 men, then retreated from the islands

18. The Dropping of the Atomic Bomb
Island-hopping continued through 1945
Japanese lost the battle of Leyte Gulf and Iwo Jima
Next stop for the Allied forces: Japan
Truman had a choice: Invade Japan or Bomb Japan
Invading might cost .5 million Allied lives while atomic bombing would lose only Japanese lives
Truman decides to drop the bomb

19. First Bomb: Little Boy Second Bomb: Fat Man
Dropped on Hiroshima, Japan on August 6, 1945
73,000 perished in attack
Second Bomb: Fat Man
Dropped on Nagasaki, Japan on August 9, 1945
37,500 died in attack

21. Japan Surrenders
September 2, 1945: Japanese surrender to General Douglas MacArthur
WWII officially over

22. Directions for Timeline
Place the events from today on the timeline given to you
Recommendation: put the events from Europe on one side, and from the Pacific on the other
Label the event, date it, and write 1 sentence with its importance/significance
If you finish early, have me check it, then try and place the events on the map from last class