1. The American Revolution The fight for independence

2. Patrick Henry In the Virginian statehouse, some were still worried about ________________, Patrick _______ gave a passionate _______ trying to convince people they should ________________ and _________… In the Virginian statehouse, some were still worried about ________________, Patrick _______ gave a passionate _______ trying to convince people they should ________________ and _________… fighting the King Henry speech fight for freedom liberty

3. “ The war is ___________ —and let it come. Is life so dear, or peace so sweet, as to be _________ at the price of _________________? Forbid it, Almighty God! I know not what course others may take; but as for me, “ The war is ___________ —and let it come. Is life so dear, or peace so sweet, as to be _________ at the price of _________________? Forbid it, Almighty God! I know not what course others may take; but as for me, _____________________________. ” inevitable purchased chains and slavery Give me liberty or give me death

4. Declaring Independence The last part of the declaration states “ We therefore …solemnly publish and _______, that these United Colonies are, and of right ought to be _____ and _____________ states. ” The last part of the declaration states “ We therefore …solemnly publish and _______, that these United Colonies are, and of right ought to be _____ and _____________ states. ” This is the part that says we are no longer part of __________. This is the part that says we are no longer part of __________. declare Free independent England

5. Leaders of the British Army General CornwallisLord Howe

6. Lord General William Howe Was great at organizing and moving his armies and repeatedly ______________ Washington, but did not aggressively ______ and _______ the Continental Army…maybe because he felt some __________ for the American cause. outmaneuvered pursue destroy sympathy

7. Problems in the British Army Communication- Headquarters too far away Communication- Headquarters too far away Low morale and reason for fighting Low morale and reason for fighting Diseases like Smallpox Diseases like Smallpox

8. Hessians Since the British were not completely __________ the war effort, German ____________, (_____ soldiers) were hired to help the British fight the war. Since the British were not completely __________ the war effort, German ____________, (_____ soldiers) were hired to help the British fight the war. supporting mercenaries paid

9. British Strategy Because of the British strengths (_______________, plenty of ________) they could take over any objective they wanted with ________. Because of the British strengths (_______________, plenty of ________) they could take over any objective they wanted with ________. Admiral Howe was certain that when confronted with the overwhelming British military advantage, the rebels could be persuaded to ___________ their ___________. Admiral Howe was certain that when confronted with the overwhelming British military advantage, the rebels could be persuaded to ___________ their ___________. experienced troops supplies force abandon revolution

10. Washington ’ s Strategy Washington knew it would be impossible to drive the ________________, but realized the British could not _______ the entire colonies ______________. Washington knew it would be impossible to drive the ________________, but realized the British could not _______ the entire colonies ______________. American _________ would regain ________ of any town as soon as the occupying British army ____________. American _________ would regain ________ of any town as soon as the occupying British army ____________. Washington ’ s strategy became one of __________: keep the army _____, even if it meant temporarily abandoning towns and patriots to the _________. Washington ’ s strategy became one of __________: keep the army _____, even if it meant temporarily abandoning towns and patriots to the _________. British from America occupy against its will Patriots control marched away persistencealive British

11. As long as the ______ survived, __________ will survive. As long as the ______ survived, __________ will survive. Washington had two advantages as a general: Washington had two advantages as a general: He seemed ___________ – musket volleys and cannon fire didn ’ t _________ even though he was always in the middle of the _________, He seemed ___________ – musket volleys and cannon fire didn ’ t _________ even though he was always in the middle of the _________, He had lots of physical _______ – without a large, experienced officer corps (like the British had) he often _________ lead the army and saw to supplies, directing combat, and even arranging for ______________. He had lots of physical _______ – without a large, experienced officer corps (like the British had) he often _________ lead the army and saw to supplies, directing combat, and even arranging for ______________.Washingtonarmy America bulletproof touch him battle strength personally transportation

12. By the end of 1776, the Continental Army was on the brink of __________. They were badly _____________, _______, badly _________, and ready to _______ and go home to tend their farms when their year-long enlistments ended. Washington needed a ____________. disaster outnumbered clothedill-fed quit victory

13. “ These are the times that try men ’ s souls. ” - Thomas Paine The rough winter was trying for the new country. American ’ s early ___________ was fading. The rough winter was trying for the new country. American ’ s early ___________ was fading. T. Paine saved the day, again, with a collection of articles called, “ _________ ” T. Paine saved the day, again, with a collection of articles called, “ _________ ” What is a crisis? What is a crisis? enthusiasm The Crisis

14. A crisis… 1 a : the turning point for better or worse 1 a : the turning point for better or worse 2 : the decisive moment 2 : the decisive moment 3 a : an unstable or crucial time in which a change is coming; especially with the possibility of a very bad outcome 3 a : an unstable or crucial time in which a change is coming; especially with the possibility of a very bad outcome b : a situation that has reached a critical phase b : a situation that has reached a critical phase

15. “ Issue the orders, Sir, and I will storm hell. ” “ Issue the orders, Sir, and I will storm hell. ” - Patriot General Anthony Wayne Just ________ his _______, _______ troops was a risky gamble, but G.W. knew it was time to attack. Just ________ his _______, _______ troops was a risky gamble, but G.W. knew it was time to attack. Washington led the attack on Trenton _________ through the ___________ Delaware river and through the cold, bitter storm- his army leaving ________________ in the snow as they marched. Washington led the attack on Trenton _________ through the ___________ Delaware river and through the cold, bitter storm- his army leaving ________________ in the snow as they marched. The Battle of Trenton movingfrozenhungry personally ice-packed bloodied footprints

16. Battle of Trenton (NJ) - 12/1776 Washington left his ________ burning as a decoy to _____ the British and Hessians Washington left his ________ burning as a decoy to _____ the British and Hessians He Crossed the icy Delaware river (picture on the back of Delaware ’ s quarter) and attacked the ____________ enemy. The Americans won with hardly any _________. He Crossed the icy Delaware river (picture on the back of Delaware ’ s quarter) and attacked the ____________ enemy. The Americans won with hardly any _________. The victory encouraged _______ of Americans to ___________ for the Continental Army campfires fool unsuspecting casualties thousands volunteer

17. Help from Black Soldiers When some _______ began joining the ________ Army, Washington persuaded _________ to accept black soldiers. When some _______ began joining the ________ Army, Washington persuaded _________ to accept black soldiers. About 30,000 soldiers served in the American army, about _______ were black, some ____, some ______. About 30,000 soldiers served in the American army, about _______ were black, some ____, some ______. blacks British Congress 5,000 free slave

18. Why do you think slaves may have been willing to fight for the Americans in the Revolution? Maybe they thought they might be freed by the new government if the Americans won the war. Maybe they thought they might be freed by the new government if the Americans won the war.

19. Help from Women Many of Washington ’ s _____ were women. Many of Washington ’ s _____ were women. Women helped as camp cooks and _____ the sick and __________. Women helped as camp cooks and _____ the sick and __________. A few even _______ themselves as ____ and served as _______ in the Army. A few even _______ themselves as ____ and served as _______ in the Army. spies nursed wounded disguised men soldiers

20. Battle of Saratoga

21. Battle of Saratoga (NY) – 10/1777 The ________ moved slowly through the snow and heavy rain to their camp at Saratoga. The ________ moved slowly through the snow and heavy rain to their camp at Saratoga. The Continental Army ________ on them day and night without stopping. The Continental Army ________ on them day and night without stopping. The British finally _________ the battle The British finally _________ the battle Was considered a “ ________________ ” in the war because the unlikely victory ___________ foreign __________ to help the Americans Was considered a “ ________________ ” in the war because the unlikely victory ___________ foreign __________ to help the Americans British fired surrendered turning point encouraged countries

22. Traitor!!!! Benedict Arnold was _______ in the leg during the Battle of Saratoga. Benedict Arnold was _______ in the leg during the Battle of Saratoga. He felt he had not been _________ enough for his “ heroic ” actions in the war. He felt he had not been _________ enough for his “ heroic ” actions in the war. He __________ his country and joined the British. He __________ his country and joined the British. shot rewarded betrayed

23. Help from Abroad With the win at Saratoga, ______________ was able to convince __________ to help America. With the win at Saratoga, ______________ was able to convince __________ to help America. They sent ______, _______, and _______. They sent ______, _______, and _______. Ben Franklin France ships troopsmoney

24. France Even though he was only ___________, the Marquis de Lafayette became one of our biggest __________. Even though he was only ___________, the Marquis de Lafayette became one of our biggest __________. He convinced the French King to send _________ troops to fight for America He convinced the French King to send _________ troops to fight for America 19 years old heroes 6,000

25. Spain Bernardo de _______ was Governor of Spanish __________ Bernardo de _______ was Governor of Spanish __________ Sent the American army both _______ and ________. Sent the American army both _______ and ________. Led an attack on Britain ’ s most important base in the ______________ at Florida. Led an attack on Britain ’ s most important base in the ______________ at Florida. destroyed ________ rule along the _______________. destroyed ________ rule along the _______________. Galvez Louisiana money supplies Gulf of Mexico British Mississippi River

26. Winter at Valley Forge

28. Valley Forge (PA) Winter 1777-78 Very bad time for the ___________ army Very bad time for the ___________ army Local farmers sold food to the ________ who paid in ______ coin instead of _____________ Local farmers sold food to the ________ who paid in ______ coin instead of _____________ Why would the stores refuse to take paper money for payment from the Continental Army? If America lost the war, there would be no government to back up the paper money and it would be worthless. American British gold Paper money

29. Officers resigned their commissions, soldiers deserted, death and disease overwhelmed those who stayed. Officers resigned their commissions, soldiers deserted, death and disease overwhelmed those who stayed. Washington lead them by encouraging soldiers to build their own barracks, given prizes for the best built…and camped in his own field tent until all soldiers were housed. Washington lead them by encouraging soldiers to build their own barracks, given prizes for the best built…and camped in his own field tent until all soldiers were housed. Conditions slowly improved with food, clothes and training, the soldiers becoming more committed and united. Conditions slowly improved with food, clothes and training, the soldiers becoming more committed and united. Valley Forge (PA, Winter 1777-78)

30. John Paul Jones Captain in the ________________. Captain in the ________________. During a battle he told the British During a battle he told the British ________________ ________________ when they wanted him to surrender. ________________ ________________ when they wanted him to surrender. Continental Navy “ I have not yet begun to fight! ”

31. Yorktown (Virginia - Oct. 1781) The last _____________ of the Revolution The last _____________ of the Revolution British are led by General ____________ and control most of ________ and the _____________. British are led by General ____________ and control most of ________ and the _____________. Washington marched north toward ________ Washington marched north toward ________ The French ______ was in the harbor, cutting off escape by the British ships. The French ______ was in the harbor, cutting off escape by the British ships. Cornwallis had no choice but to ___________ his troops to Washington Cornwallis had no choice but to ___________ his troops to Washington major battle Cornwallis Georgia Carolinas Yorktown navy surrender

32. Yorktown

33. End of the War In 1783, the United States and Britain signed a ____________ in ________ officially ending the American Revolution. In 1783, the United States and Britain signed a ____________ in ________ officially ending the American Revolution. peace treaty Paris