1. Energy in Ecosystems Note: Organisms interact in order to obtain energy and resources necessary to survive.

2. Objectives I can identify and name trophic levels with food chain & web examples I can identify 5 types of consumers I understand how energy in an ecosystem is measured and ‘flows’ I can explain why ecosystems are represented by pyramids

3. Energy Flow Energy flows through an ecosystem in one direction: sun  autotroph  heterotroph

4. Autotrophs Organisms that make their own food. Auto = self Aka: Producers

5. Heterotrophs Depend on other organisms for food and energy. Hetero = other Aka: consumers

6. 5 Types of Heterotrophs

7. Herbivores n Eat only plants

8. Carnivores n Eat other heterotrophs

9. Scavengers n Eat organisms that are already dead

10. Omnivores n Eat both animals and plants n omni = all

11. Decomposers n Absorb nutrients from dead organisms n Fungi, Bacteria

12. Quick Review

13. n What do you call an organism that can make its own food? n What direction does energy flow thru an ecosystem? n What do you call an organism that eats both animals and plants? n What do you call an organism that absorbs nutrients from dead organisms? autotroph Producer  consumer omnivore decomposer

14. Food Chain n A model that shows how matter and energy move through an ecosystem. It has arrows that show the direction that energy is being transferred.

15. FOOD CHAIN

16. Trophic Level A feeding step in a food chain that represents each organism.

18. Can you name the trophic levels below?? Producer Primary consumer Secondary consumer Tertiary consumer

19. Food Web n Shows all the possible feeding relationships at each trophic level in a community.

21. Energy pyramids Diagram that shows the relative amounts of energy or matter contained within each trophic level in a food chain or food web. 3 types

22. Pyramid of energy Only about 10% of energy available within one trophic level is transferred to organisms at the next trophic level Pyramid of Energy Heat 0.1% Consumers 1% Consumers 10% Consumers 100% Producers Parasites, scavengers, and decomposers feed at each level. Kcal, J

24. Pyramid of numbers Based on the number of individual organisms at each trophic level Pyramid of Numbers Fox (1) Birds (25) Grasshoppers (250) Grasses (3000)

25. Pyramid of Biomass The total amount of living tissue within a given trophic level is called biomass.