1. Enabling Access Control and Privacy through Ontology Mohammad M. R. Chowdhury Dr. Josef Noll UniK - University Graduate Center, Norway Dr. Juan Miguel Gomez Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Spain Nov. 19, Innovations’07, Dubai This is a part of Research (work-in-progress) - ’Identity-based Service Interaction’ under the project SWACOM (www.swacom.org ) with funding from Norwegian Research Council.www.swacom.org

2. Contents Background –Identity: Real world to digital world –Role based identity mechanism Proposed SemID (semantic identity) –Use case scenario –Policies and rules Implementations –Class, subclass, instances and properties –Rules and inference engine Future work Mohammad M. R. Chowdhury Innovations’07, Nov. 19, Dubai

3. Background Mohammad M. R. Chowdhury Innovations’07, Nov. 19, Dubai

4. Identity: Real world to digital world Real world Identities Digital world identities Identity Digital world Passwords everywhere Gartner says (annual IT security summit 2005) 80% of organizations will reach a password breaking point by 2007. Mohammad M. R. Chowdhury Innovations’07, Nov. 19, Dubai Managing these Many!!! Reuse, Write down

5. Based on human roles played in real life, Chowdhury (ICWMC 2007, Guadeloupe) proposed personal, corporate and social identities. Mohammad M. R. Chowdhury Innovations’07, Nov. 19, Dubai

6. Human roles Mohammad M. R. Chowdhury Innovations’07, Nov. 19, Dubai

7. Role based identity mechanism My digital identity –Personal identities (PID): Identify ourselves in our very personal interactions. –My corporate identities (CID): Identify ourselves in our corporate/professional interactions. –My social identity (SID): Identify ourselves in our society/ community/ interpersonal interactions. Very personal mobile phone is the preferred device to access and store ’my digital identity’ … ” user carries mobile phone more often than Wallet these days” Mohammad M. R. Chowdhury Innovations’07, Nov. 19, Dubai ’my digital identity’ - partly placed in the network and - partly in mobile phone SIM card

8. We proposed to combine capabilities of Semantic Web Technology for representation of corporate and social identities. We designed SemID (www.semid.org) ontology to manage corporate identities (social identities in a parallel work) facilitating access control and privacy support in project oriented corporate environment. Knowledge of the identity management domain needs to be encoded to facilitate understanding and manipulation of computers. This encoding is achieved through specification and utilization of Ontology – formal representation of a domain. In this paper, OWL, Web Ontology Language is used to formalize and define the proposed identity management domain. Mohammad M. R. Chowdhury Innovations’07, Nov. 19, Dubai

9. OWL is a part of the "Semantic Web Vision" - a future where: –Web information has exact meaning –Web information can be processed by computers –Computers can integrate information from different places on the web Mohammad M. R. Chowdhury Innovations’07, Nov. 19, Dubai

10. SemID (Semantic Identity) Mohammad M. R. Chowdhury Innovations’07, Nov. 19, Dubai

11. Use Case scenario Objective: Access control to project resources Maintaining privacy of project oriented group and its members --- based on members’ roles in a project Mohammad M. R. Chowdhury Innovations’07, Nov. 19, Dubai

12. Use case: goals Mohammad M. R. Chowdhury Innovations’07, Nov. 19, Dubai

13. The access control and privacy goals are achieved through policies and rules. Each role has certain policy (or policies). A Policy (P) represents the privilege reserved for each role in a community and expressed through a set of Rules ( ). Therefore Policy, Essentially a Rule is a function that takes an access request as input and results an action (permit, deny or not-application). So, the Rule is simplified as, If Josef Noll is the project leader and he wants to write over a project deliverables, the corresponding rule will be defined as, Policies and Rules Mohammad M. R. Chowdhury Innovations’07, Nov. 19, Dubai

14. We model the ontology of the use case scenario with OWL-DL (sub-language of OWL) using Protègè ontology editor platform. Assume, - Individuals are already authenticated to the project. - Visitors are those whose identity instances are not defined in the ontology Implementation Mohammad M. R. Chowdhury Innovations’07, Nov. 19, Dubai

15. Description of corporate identities (assuming them as ’name’ string) Ensure general visibility of Group Ensure visibility of member details of Group Role definition and its properties Ontology has 4 distinct policies

16. Lets, visualize the whole ontology using OntovizTab of Protègè. SemID_1.pdf SemID_1.pdf Mohammad M. R. Chowdhury Innovations’07, Nov. 19, Dubai

17. Rules have not been added in this paper (added recently) Rules have been represented using SWRL (Semantic Web Rule Language) There is SWRLTab in Protégé to add rules from our proposed ontology Jess rule engine provides the inference of SWRL rules There is SWRLJessTab in Protégé for this purpose Rules and inference engine Mohammad M. R. Chowdhury Innovations’07, Nov. 19, Dubai

18. Rules Mohammad M. R. Chowdhury Innovations’07, Nov. 19, Dubai It is assumed that requester already authenticated to the project

19. Mohammad M. R. Chowdhury Innovations’07, Nov. 19, Dubai

22. What is the requester’s Role? What is the corresponding Policy? What is the Action of the Policy and Rule? Which one is the Rule of this policy?

23. Future research Develop a front-end (software) based on this ontology and rules Develop an ontology which can take care of social community scenarios –Access to community resources based on the relationships (ex. Parents of student who belongs to class 2 of Sogn School) Bear in mind: Project leader of Release 9 project (corporate identity) Parents of a Maria (social identity) Mohammad M. R. Chowdhury Innovations’07, Nov. 19, Dubai

24. Thank You ? Mohammad M. R. Chowdhury Innovations’07, Nov. 19, Dubai