1. Optimization of Phase Contrast Imaging Luke Powers Chris Weaver Jonathan Fermo Alfred Luk BME 273, Group 22 02/23/2005

2. Phase-Contrast Radiography  Traditional radiography uses differences in absorption to develop images  Phase-contrast Radiography (PC-R) uses differences in refraction and diffraction in the tissue  Enhanced Edge Effects

3. Potential  Has potential to detect objects that are invisible on conventional radiography  Edge enhancements and early detection of breast cancer  Monochromatic beam reduces excess radiation dosage to patient

4. Objectives  To build a device that aids in testing PC-R parameters  Requires controlled movement of the object and detector

5. Importance of Position A: Radiograph of plastic vial taken with.01mm focal spot B: Radiograph of plastic vial taken with.045mm focal spot C: Phase-extracted image created from the first two images

6. Our Device Main Uses: Optimizing distances/spaces for PC imaging of specific objects/tissues Being able to reproduce images No false edge effects Additional Uses: Rotational movement for CT images Images using scattering (defines resolution ~280 microns)

7. Programming  Inputs:  LabView GUI: positions, energy  Outputs:  Time/Date  Image #  Angle and x, y, z positions  Energy Used

8. Advisors  Advisors:  Frank E. Carroll, M.D.  Gary Shearer  Robert Traeger  Principal Investigator:  Edwin Donnelly, M.D., Ph.D.

9. Facilities  W.M. Keck Free Electron Laser Center at Vanderbilt  Vanderbilt BME Department

10. Resources  Monochromatic X- ray source at FEL  LabVIEW and Virtual Instruments  Stages, controllers, etc… for design construction provided by FEL & outside contractors

11. Design Schematic -Detector has z-stage movement (1m) -Object has x (6cm), y (5cm), rotational (360 degrees) movement

12. Machine Shop Work  Optical Flags: x, y, and z  Flag and Interrupter for x-y stages

13. Machine Shop Work (cont.)  Mounting Blocks  Mounting Rotational Stage on x-y stage

14. Components

15. Selected Components Microcontroller Linear Translation Stage (z)

16. Questions?