1. Bell Work: Celestial Address With your shared pair partner, rank the following from largest to smallest. PlanetsUniverse MoonsSolar System GalaxyGalaxy Cluster In what way are these celestial objects related?

2. TOPIC 4: EARTH IN THE UNIVERSE

3. Our Address Room 303 Holland Patent High School Thompson Road Holland Patent New York United States

4. “CELESTIAL ADDRESS” UNIVERSE GROUP OF GALAXIES GALAXY SOLAR SYSTEM PLANETS

5. UNIVERSE: All of the space, matter and energy that exists in any place. Estimated age = 10 - 17 billion years! 13.7 billion years most current estimate.

10. http://www.classzone.com/books/earth_sci ence/terc/content/visualizations/es2802/es 2802page01.cfm?chapter_no=visualizatio n

11. The “Big Bang” Theory States that the present universe started as a huge explosion 10 – 17 billion years ago and has been expanding ever since. EVIDENCE: 1.Doppler Effect – “Red Shift” 2.Background microwave energy (the bang!)

12. Galaxy: Huge body of stars and other matter in space. Drawing:  Our sun is a star in one of the outer arms of the Milky Way (spiral) galaxy

20. STARS: Usually large, self-illuminous bodies that produce their own energy. Nuclear Fusion of Hydrogen

21. Life Cycle of the Sun Nebula (Protostar) Main Sequence Red Giant White Dwarf

27. Star Classification: Stars are classified by Luminosity and Temperature (color). See Reference Tables diagram p.15 http://www.nysedregents.org/testing/reftable/archreftable/pg15.pdf The sun is an average sized, average temperature main sequence star

29. Solar System The sun and everything that revolves around it. Components: Planets Moons Asteroids Comets Meteors  The estimated age of the Earth and solar system is 4.6 billion years

30. Planets Planets orbit the sun as the result of 2 forces… 1.Gravity 2.Inertia Drawing:  Gravity depends on the mass of the object and the distance between their centers.

31. Rocky (Terrestrial) Planets Much smaller Solid outer surface High density Gas Giant (Jovian) Planets Much larger Made of gas Low density  Specific planet information can be found on page 15 in the Earth Science Reference tables!

33. Asteroids: Solid rock and/or metallic bodies that independently orbit the sun. Range from 100 to 1000km in diameter. Asteroid belt- most asteroids are in orbits between Mars and Jupiter.  Impact events form craters and are linked to climate changes and mass extinctions.

37. Meteoroids: Very small solid fragments that orbit the sun. “Shooting Stars”- meteors that burn up or vaporize Earths atmosphere.

40. Comets: Chunks of frozen water and methane with rock and metallic debris. “Dirty Snowballs” Orbit the sun in highly eccentric elliptical orbits. Tails (Drawing)

45. BONUS: What is the name of the process by which stars create their own energy?