1. Chapter 4, 5, 6

2. Chapter 4: Microscopy, Staining, and Classification

3. Units of Measurement Measurement used to measure microbes Metric Units of Length

4. Microscopy General Principles of Microscopy Light Microscopy Electron Microscopy Probe Microscopy

5. Staining Preparing Specimens for Staining Principles of Staining Simple Stains Differential Stains Special Stains Staining for Electron Microscopy

6. Classification and Identification of a Microorganism Linnaeus and Taxonomic Categories Domains Taxonomic and Identifying Characteristics Taxonomic Keys

7. Chapter 5: Microbial Metabolism

8. Basic Chemical Reactions Underlying Metabolism Catabolism and Anabolism Oxidation and Reduction Reactions ATP Productions and Energy Storage Roles of Enzymes in Metabolism

9. Carbohydrate Catabolism Glycolysis Cellular Respiration Alternatives to Glycolysis Fermentation

10. Other Catabolic Pathways Lipid Catabolism Protein Catabolism

11. Photosynthesis Chemicals and Structures Light-Dependent Reactions Light-Independent Reactions

13. Other Anabolic Pathways Carbohydrate Biosynthesis Lipid Biosynthesis Amino Acids Biosynthesis Nucleotides Biosynthesis

14. Integration and Regulation of Metabolic Functions Control of gene expression Metabolic expression – Synthezing or degrading channel proteins and enzymes – Sequestering reactions in membrane bound organelles – Feedback inhibition

16. Chapter 6: Microbial Nutrition and Growth

17. Growth Requirements Nutrients: Chemical and Energy Requirements Physical Requirements Associations and Biofilms

18. Oxygen Requirements Obligate aerobes Obligate anaerobes

19. Culturing Microorganisms Clinical Sampling Obtaining Pure Cultures Culture Media Special Culture Techniques Preserving Cultures

20. Growth of Microbial Populations Mathematical Considerations in Population Growth Generation Time Phases of Microbial Population Growth Continuous Culture in a Chemostat Measuring Microbial Reproduction