1. 6/15 Focus: Do Now: – Complete the Regents Review Warm up Questions *Castle Learning Makeup 1,2,3,4 due by 12:00 pm on Tuesday *Review PowerPoints and Thematic Essay Review on web page * Good Luck on Wednesday 6/17

2. Geographic Characteristics Tigris and Euphrates Rivers Lack of Natural Barriers Unpredictable river flooding Fertile soil/warm climate Impact on Development Cultural diffusion due to frequent invasions and migrations of people Gods viewed as unpredictable and harsh Farming could support development of civilizations

3. Geographic Characteristics Natural Barriers – Nile River – Sahara Desert – Waterfalls to the South – Mediterranean Sea Predictable flooding Fertile soil/long growing season Impact on Development Natural barriers protected Egypt from invasion developed ethnocentric view and unique Egyptian culture Positive view of their gods and afterlife

4. Geographic Characteristics Yellow and Yangtze River Unpredictable River Flooding Natural Barriers – Himalayas – Gobi Desert Impact on Development Natural barriers led to isolation and limited cultural diffusion Developed ethnocentric view Viewed other cultures as barbarians Thought China was the Middle Kingdom

5. Geographic Characteristics Archipelago Irregular coastline Mountainous terrain Earthquakes, Volcanoes, Tsunamis, Typhoons Impact on Development Good natural harbors promoted seafaring and trade Most people lived close to the coast Terrace Farming Feudal system because of difficulty establishing central authority Respect for forces in nature led to Shinto religion

6. Geographic Characteristics Mountainous terrain Peninsula and many islands Irregular coastline Impact on Development Scattered settlements Led to the development of city-states Good harbors promoted seafaring and trade

7. Geographic Characteristics Peninsula between China and Japan Impact on Development Served as a cultural bridge between China and Japan Frequently invaded

8. Geographic Characteristics West coast of South America Andes Mountains Impact on Development Used terrace farming Rope Bridges to cross river valleys and 1,000 of miles of roads

9. Geographic Characteristics Peninsula in the Mediterranean Sea Impact on Development allowed Roman Empire to dominate the Mediterranean Italian city-states grew wealthy from trade and allowed for the start of the Renaissance

10. 1.Inca Terrace farming and Aztec floating gardens are examples of: A.The ability of civilizations to adapt to their environment B.Slash and burn farming techniques C.Mesoamerican art forms symbolizing the importance of agriculture D.Colonial economic policies that harmed Latin American civilizations

11. 2.An important factor that prevented the ancient Greek city-states from uniting to form a single nation was the: A.Lack of a common language B.Size of desert regions C.Mountainous topography of the region D.Cold, hostile climate

12. 3.What was one reason that some Italian cities developed into major trade and cultural centers during the 13 th and 14 th centuries: A.Unified central government B.Isolationist economic polices C.Geographic location D.System of social equality

13. 4.Before the use of the Silk Road, how did geography affect early China? A.The mountains and deserts in western and southwestern China slowed cultural diffusion B.The northwestern region provided many fertile areas suitable for farming C.The 3 major river systems provided barriers against invasion D.The lack of deep water ports on the eastern coast prevented China from developing

14. 5.The geographic isolation of a society most often leads to the: A.Development of trade B.Ethnocentric view and strengthening of traditional culture C.Promotion of cultural diffusion and cultural diversity D.growth of international alliances

15. 6.How did the Inca adapt to their physical environment? A.They built large fishing fleets to feed their populations B.They built footbridges that connected their roads across the Andes C.They established extensive trade agreements with Europe D.They raised cattle and horses on the pampas