1. Joint Advocacy Workshop DMWG and CCWG Hanoi, 7-8 June 2011 By Ngo Cong Chinh, Asian Management and Development Institute & Ian Chandler, The Pressure Group “One Voice Calling for Change is more Powerful When Combined with Many Others “ (DRR and CC Advocacy Strategy, Nairobi 2010)

2. Joint Advocacy Workshop Overall legal framework and institutional structure: – Comprehensive: hundreds of legal documents relating to DRM and a number of documents on CC – Existing institutional structure from central to local levels on DRM and CC: CCFSC, CCFSR, National NTP-RCC Office, MARD, MONRE, etc. – Strong commitment to international, regional frameworks on DRM and CC Disaster Risk Management and Climate Change policies and strategies: implementation, gaps and advocacy opportunities

3. Joint Advocacy Workshop Overall legal framework and institutional structure: – Some awareness about DRM and CC issues among policy makers and civil servant varied at different levels – Basic foundation for civil society and private sector to participate in DRR and CC – Some interest, initial efforts to address both DRR and CCA, integrate DRR and CC (adaptation, mitigation) into SEDP Disaster Risk Management and Climate Change policies and strategies: implementation, gaps and advocacy opportunities

4. Joint Advocacy Workshop National policies: – National DRM Strategy to 2020 (2007) – Action Plans to implement the DRM Strategy (2007-now) – CBDRM Program (Decision 1002) (2009) – DRM Law: under development (2012?) – National Platform for DRM and CCA : under consideration (2011) – Pilot Agriculture Insurance Program (mid-2011) – Many other laws and under laws passed in the past years (~100 documents!) Disaster Risk Management (DRM) policies and strategies: implementation, gaps and advocacy opportunities

5. Joint Advocacy Workshop International and regional commitment: – UN ISDR: Hyogo Framework for Actions (HFA) 2005-2015: Building Resilience of Nations and Communities to Disasters – ASEAN Agreement on Disaster Management and Emergency Response (AADMER) (2009) ASEAN Coordinating Center for Humanitarian Assistance on Disaster Management (AHA Centre) (to be operated in mid-2011) Disaster Risk Management policies and strategies: implementation, gaps and advocacy opportunities

6. Joint Advocacy Workshop Linkage to CC’s polices and strategy: – The 1 st National DRM Strategy: not mentioned about CC – The 2 nd National DRM to 2020: one of viewpoints “….consistently study the impacts of climate change, sea level rise and other abnormal climatic conditions…” – The CBDRM: “… annually, each community will work out a plan on natural disaster risk prevention, combat and management, taking into account impacts of climate change...” – The National Platform is combined of both DRR and CCA Disaster Risk Management policies and strategies: implementation, gaps and advocacy opportunities

7. Joint Advocacy Workshop National DRM Strategy: policy strengths – Emphasised on participatory principle, utilizing all available and potential domestic and international resources – Recognized important of integrating DRM into SEDP, sector and other development plans – Adopted a regional-based view on vulnerabilities to disasters and assigns responsibilities, tasks accordingly to level of vulnerabilities for each region Disaster Risk Management policies and strategies: implementation, gaps and advocacy opportunities

8. Joint Advocacy Workshop National DRM Strategy: policy strengths – Emphasized the “four-on- the-spot” or community- based principle – Recognized the need to integrate DRM in school curriculum, educating children on how to respond/ mitigate disasters – Emphasized on international cooperation on DRM/DRR Disaster Risk Management policies and strategies: implementation, gaps and advocacy opportunities

9. Joint Advocacy Workshop National DRM Strategy: policy gaps – Lacks of sufficient fund and a clear budgeting guidelines – DRM approach still focuses more on prevention and response than recovery – Genuine and representative participation at grassroots level in DRM/ DRR planning processes is still limited – Action plans are still developed using a top-down method, then delegated to the local levels Disaster Risk Management policies and strategies: implementation, gaps and advocacy opportunities

10. Joint Advocacy Workshop National DRM Strategy: policy gaps – National, provincial attempts to promote integrated/multi- hazard approach not yet created institutional or on- ground change (e.g. hazard maps remain focused on individual hazards) – Resilient risk financing (trust fund, risk insurance, micro- finance) mechanisms for DRM not well considered – Cross-sectoral coordination in the development of DRR/DRM plans and implementation remain weak Disaster Risk Management policies and strategies: implementation, gaps and advocacy opportunities

11. Joint Advocacy Workshop CBDRM Program: policy strengths – Put the communities at risk at the heart of the planning process – Emphasized proactive participation of the communities at risk in the whole cycle of DRM – Recognized the importance of capacity building for communities to be able to participate and sustain the CBDRM – Emphasized community-based approach considering local context and utilizes local knowledge, whilst also local building capacity in DRM Disaster Risk Management policies and strategies: implementation, gaps and advocacy opportunities

12. Joint Advocacy Workshop CBDRM Program: policy gaps – Lack of clear guidelines from the MARD/DMC to the local authorities to implement the CBDRM Program – Lack of human resource (number and expertise) in the flood and storm control sector as well as other participating agencies – Lack of budget mechanisms for participating agencies to request for funding, spend and report expenditures, etc. – Implementation has been delayed due to a lack of committed funding from donors, which accounts for 40% of the total budget Disaster Risk Management policies and strategies: implementation, gaps and advocacy opportunities

13. Joint Advocacy Workshop DMWG’s actions taken: – Working on local level pilot programs that contribute to the development and implementation of the Strategy – Working with government, providing inputs for policies and strategies (e.g. CBDRM, DRM Law, National Platform on DRR and CCA) – Sharing knowledge via meetings, workshops, dialogues such as the national DRR/CCA forums, where good practices and lessons- learnt are discussed – Organizing public events, such as on International DRR Day and National DRR Day, to promote the awareness of policy makers, managers, media, and the public – Promoting and advocating CBDRM Program. The CBDRM Technical Working Group has been established to provide supports for government authorities to implement CBDRM program – A number of CBDRM projects and relevant activities has been implementing by NGOs Disaster Risk Management policies and strategies: implementation, gaps and advocacy opportunities

14. Joint Advocacy Workshop National policies: – National Target Program (NTP-RCC) to respond to climate change (2008) – Action Plans to implement the NTP-RCC (2008-now) – National Strategy to respond to climate change : to be approved by the GoV (mid-2011) – National Platform for DRM and CCA is under consideration (2011) – Pilot Agriculture Insurance Program (July 2011) – National REDD Strategy: under development – Other laws and under laws passed in the past years: Law on Environment Protection (2005) Climate Change (CC) policies and strategies: implementation, gaps and advocacy opportunities

15. Joint Advocacy Workshop International and regional commitments: – UNFCCC (ratified in 1994) – Kyoto Protocol (non-Annex Party) (2002) – COPs participation – UN REDD Program Climate Change policies and strategies: implementation, gaps and advocacy opportunities

16. Joint Advocacy Workshop Linkage to DRM’s polices and strategy: – The NTP-RCC: “…integrate programs on environment protection, efficient and effective use of natural resources and disaster prevention, in relevant to CC…” – The National Platform is combined of both DRR and CCA Climate Change policies and strategies: implementation, gaps and advocacy opportunities

17. Joint Advocacy Workshop NTP-RCC: policy strengths – Addressed both CC adaptation and mitigation – Committed to sustainable development, multi-sectoral and participatory approach to encourage pro-activeness of each sector and province – Recognized need to integrate climate change responses into planning process – Recognized need to build capacity for personnel and agencies, raising public awareness – Committed to promote international programs and cooperation – Recognized importance of participation of the civil society and private sector Climate Change policies and strategies: implementation, gaps and advocacy opportunities

18. Joint Advocacy Workshop NTP-RCC: policy gaps – Dissemination of NTP-RCC to local level especially to the grassroots is very limited. – Coordination: Lack of coordination mechanism among relevant sectors – Budget: NTP-RCC implementation, particularly at the local level, has been stalled by a lack of resource provision from the central and local level – Lack of tools, models, research (evidences) and knowledge about climate chance Climate Change policies and strategies: implementation, gaps and advocacy opportunities

19. Joint Advocacy Workshop CCWG’s actions taken: – The CCWG has contributed in the development of the NTP- RCC, provided comments on the Draft National Strategy on Responding to CC – REDD, REDD+ – Risk Financing – ABC (Awareness raising and Behaviour Change) – Capacity building from local NGOs and civil society – Inclusion of vulnerable groups: ethnic minority, people living near the forest, farmers, etc. Climate Change policies and strategies: implementation, gaps and advocacy opportunities

20. Advocacy Framework!

21. Joint Advocacy Workshop Joint advocacy opportunities for both DMWG and CCWG: – Policy formulation and dissemination: vertically and horizontally, grassroots level, bottom-up – More vertical integration and horizontal integration at all levels – More effective implementation of polices and strategies (significant delays due to: funding, guidelines, coordination, etc.) DRM and CC policies and strategies: implementation, gaps and advocacy opportunities

22. Joint Advocacy Workshop Joint advocacy opportunities for both DMWG and CCWG: – Improved accountability and participatory monitoring – Funding mechanism: decentralization planning and management – Promotion of PPP – “Right to be heard” by vulnerable group: ethnic minority, women, people living near the forest, etc. – Use of local knowledge, practices: CBDRM, CBA, etc. DRM and CC policies and strategies: implementation, gaps and advocacy opportunities

23. Joint Advocacy Workshop Some specific joint advocacy opportunities for both groups: – National DRR/CCA Platform: equal participation of stakeholders – DRM Law: multi-hazard approach, inclusion of civil society, reflection of international and regional commitments (HFA, ADDMER, UNFCCC, etc.) – National Strategy to respond to Climate Change – CBDRM implementation – More research: evidence-based DRM and CC policies and strategies: implementation, gaps and advocacy opportunities

24. Joint Advocacy Workshop Specific advocacy opportunities for DMWG: – Disseminating DRM Strategy to the public, especially vulnerable groups, grass-roots levels – Promoting role of civil society and private sector in DRR/DRM – Promoting financial resilience to DRR/DRM through supporting risk financing, insurance, trust funds and micro-finance – Promoting gender-sensitive approach and vulnerable groups’ participation – Advocating to establish/strengthen an effective coordination mechanism between relevant actors involved in the strategy implementation Disaster Risk Management policies and strategies: implementation, gaps and advocacy opportunities

25. Joint Advocacy Workshop Specific advocacy opportunities for DMWG: – Advocating to MPI, MOET, MOH, etc. on mainstreaming DRR/CCA into their polices and programs – Increase dissemination of the Decision (the Program) to other stakeholders involved in CBDRM, especially to the provincial, district and community levels. – Advocate the issuance of National CBDRM guideline and Provincial CBDRM guideline for Master Action Plan, that provides guidance for provinces to develop action plan and implementation the Program. – Promote fund raising from international donors and other sources. Disaster Risk Management policies and strategies: implementation, gaps and advocacy opportunities

26. Joint Advocacy Workshop Specific advocacy opportunities for DMWG: – Raise public awareness on CBDRM including policy makers, managers, media, the public, people and children – Issue clear instructions on budget allocations and approval processes to provinces and districts – Approve for nationwide use of a coherent and applicable CBDRM documents suitable to local context and adaptable to each specific disaster zone Disaster Risk Management policies and strategies: implementation, gaps and advocacy opportunities

27. Joint Advocacy Workshop Specific advocacy opportunities for CCWG: – The Standing Office for NTP-RCC further strengthening and active participation of the Ministries (MPI, MoF) is needed due to the changes in the nature of ODA for Vietnam. – Wide dissemination of the polices to stakeholders and especially to the affected communities – Promoting active role of civil society and private sector in climate change action planning and policy formulation – Finance and budgeting mechanism in place to guide the participating agencies in searching for fund to implement activities as assigned by the NTP Climate Change policies and strategies: implementation, gaps and advocacy opportunities

28. Joint Advocacy Workshop Specific advocacy opportunities for CCWG: – Increase active leadership in the area of CC policy and implementation: This is important considering the competition and overlap among agencies – Increase dialogue among policy makers, civil society, private sector – Decentralize and prioritize climate change funds: This will increase the ability of individuals, households and communities to be flexible in their adaptation to CC. Currently, it can be difficult for local areas to generate decentralized action suitable to their locality Climate Change policies and strategies: implementation, gaps and advocacy opportunities

29. Joint Advocacy Workshop Specific advocacy opportunities for CCWG: – Increase horizontal dissemination and planning horizons among players – Donor agencies / institutions: Provide tangible incentives for CC action: – Local NGO’s, community and civil society: Focus on improving participation in CC action – “Right to be heard” of the ethnic minority, people living in risk areas, near the forest, resettlement Climate Change policies and strategies: implementation, gaps and advocacy opportunities