1. About Science Prof OnlineScience Prof Online PowerPoint Resources Science Prof Online (SPO) is a free science education website that provides fully-developed Virtual Science Classrooms, science-related PowerPoints, articles and images. The site is designed to be a helpful resource for students, educators, and anyone interested in learning about science. The SPO Virtual Classrooms offer many educational resources, including practice test questions, review questions, lecture PowerPoints, video tutorials, sample assignments and course syllabi. New materials are continually being developed, so check back frequently, or follow us on Facebook (Science Prof Online) or Twitter (ScienceProfSPO) for updates. Many SPO PowerPoints are available in a variety of formats, such as fully editable PowerPoint files, as well as uneditable versions in smaller file sizes, such as PowerPoint Shows and Portable Document Format (.pdf), for ease of printing. Images used on this resource, and on the SPO website are, wherever possible, credited and linked to their source. Any words underlined and appearing in blue are links that can be clicked on for more information. PowerPoints must be viewed in slide show mode to use the hyperlinks directly. Several helpful links to fun and interactive learning tools are included throughout the PPT and on the Smart Links slide, near the end of each presentation. You must be in slide show mode to utilize hyperlinks and animations. This digital resource is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/ Alicia Cepaitis, MS Chief Creative Nerd Science Prof Online Online Education Resources, LLC alicia@scienceprofonline.com From the Virtual Cell Biology Classroom on ScienceProfOnline.comVirtual Cell Biology ClassroomScienceProfOnline.com Image: Compound microscope objectives, T. Port QUICK TRICK!: I start every class by displaying a group of images on the next slide and asking the students: 1. What would be your caption for these images? 2. How do these images relate to today’s lecture?

2. Homeostasis and Pathology Anatomy Lecture Series 2 Anatomy and Physiology Lecture PowerPoint's by A. Cepaitis From the Virtual Anatomy and Physiology classroom on ScienceProfOnline.comScienceProfOnline.com How do our bodies maintain a stable internal condition?

3. From the Virtual Anatomy and Physiology classroom on ScienceProfOnline.comScienceProfOnline.com Warning! These actions can cause disruption to homeostasis

4. From the Virtual Anatomy and Physiology classroom on ScienceProfOnline.comScienceProfOnline.com Homeostasis Being alive requires a delicate balance of physiology within and between the cells and organs of human bodies. Homeostasis is the maintenance of a stable internal condition despite changes to the external environment Many feedback loops control homeostasis throughout the body. Photo by squarewithin at Flickrsquarewithin

5. From the Virtual Anatomy and Physiology classroom on ScienceProfOnline.comScienceProfOnline.com Examples of Homeostatic Conditions for Humans Body temperature: normal range 98° F - 100°F Heart rate: normal range 60 bpm – 100 bpm Blood and Urine pH: –Blood normal range 7.35 – 7.45 –Urine normal range 4.50 – 8.00

6. From the Virtual Anatomy and Physiology classroom on ScienceProfOnline.comScienceProfOnline.com Homeostasis Out of Control Body temperature: –Hypothermia: (<86°) skin blue, puffy, stupor, numbness in limbs –Hyperthermia: (>104°) nausea, headache, dizzy, feels hot Heart rate: –Bradycardia: (<60 bpm) dizzy, tired, confused, faintness –Tachycardia: (100-400 bpm) pain in chest, dizzy faintness, vision changes Blood and Urine pH: Blood acidemia: (<7.35) lethargy, stupor, chest palpitations, headache Blood alkalosis: (>7.45) vomiting, muscle weakness, muscle spasms Urine acidosis: (<4.5) decreased urination, confusion, fatigue, increased breathing Urine alkalosos: (>8.0) painful, urgent or frequent urination Frostbite. Color/wiki..Color/wiki.. High fever. Serif Photos.Serif Photos. Dizziness. Serif Photos.Serif Photos.

7. From the Virtual Anatomy and Physiology classroom on ScienceProfOnline.comScienceProfOnline.com Pathology Pathologies are conditions that disrupt homeostasis beyond the immediate control of a feedback system in the body. Stage Diving. Marcus Olovsson from Tumblrfrom Tumblr From Crash Cars Blog.Crash Cars Blog Conditions that cause disruption: Genetic mutations Infection by pathogens Environmental exposure Congenital defects Accidents Tumor growth or metastasis Malnutrition Autoimmune problems

8. From the Virtual Anatomy and Physiology classroom on ScienceProfOnline.comScienceProfOnline.com Pathological Processes Cystic fibrosis Gene Location. NCBINCBI Genetic mutation Example: Cystic Fibrosis this disease primarily affects the respiratory and digestive systems and is fatal without daily treatments. inherited mutations to one gene (CFTR) create abnormal ion channels in all cells. Infections can be caused by a variety of pathogens including: Prions (mad cow disease) Viruses (common cold) Bacteria (cholera) Protozoans (giardasis) Fungus (yeast infections) Bovine prion.. NSF NSF Cholera Bacteria. NIHNIH

9. From the Virtual Anatomy and Physiology classroom on ScienceProfOnline.comScienceProfOnline.com Pathological Processes Environmental can be caused by a variety of exposures to toxins, allergens, and extreme weather. Pollen grains. City of Houston, TXCity of Houston, TX Congenital disorders caused by problems that form during development of a fetus. The defect is not always detectable at birth. Patent Foramen Ovale occurs when a normal fetal hole in the heart does not close. PFO. NEJM.NEJM. Lead Paint Exposur. Hawaii Dept. of HealthHawaii Dept. of Health

10. From the Virtual Anatomy and Physiology classroom on ScienceProfOnline.comScienceProfOnline.com Pathological Processes Accidents can cause cuts, burns, broken bone, head injuries, loss of blood, shock, and muscle tissue damage among other problems. Tumors can be benign or malignant. Malignant tumors can spread to other tissues in the body to cause further damage. Benign tumors do not metastasize and are dangerous only when they interfere with organ function due to size. Shattered fibula and tibia. Wellcome LibraryWellcome Library Pancreatic cancer metastasized to the liver. Wiki CommomnWiki Commomn

11. From the Virtual Anatomy and Physiology classroom on ScienceProfOnline.comScienceProfOnline.com Pathological Processes Malnutrition caused by the absence or excess of one or more essential nutrients in the diet. -Iodine deficiency: creates thyroid problems and goiters -Vitamin A overdose: nausea, vomiting, headache, blurred vision Autoimmune Disorders caused by the immune system mistakenly attacking healthy tissue in the body. Most autoimmune diseases are chronic and symptoms vary according to the type of tissue that is attacked. Malnurished Afgan Child. US Air ForceUS Air Force Goiter caused by an autoimmune disease. Wiki CommonsWiki Commons

12. From the Virtual Anatomy and Physiology classroom on ScienceProfOnline.comScienceProfOnline.com These links can help you review or learn more about this topic (You must be in PPT slideshow view to click on links.) Simple animation on the basic principles of homeostasis http://www.think-bank.com/iwb/flash/homeostasis.html Biosnippets animation with comparisons to animal homeostasis A.D.A.M. video from Penn Medicine http://www.phys.unsw.edu.au/biosnippets/biosnippets_container2.swf http://www.pennmedicine.org/encyclopedia/em_DisplayAnimation.aspx?gcid=000070&ptid=17