1. Issues dividing the Communist Party ObjectivesOutcomes To understand the main issues that were causing disunity within the Communist Party after Lenin’s death in 1924. Know – What the NEP was and what is meant by ‘Permanent Revolution’. Understand – Why some leaders wanted to continue the NEP but others did not, as well as the arguments for and against spreading the Revolution. Be able to – Explain the advantages and disadvantages of each policy for the USSR. PLTS: Independent Inquirers – explore issues and problems from different perspectives. Reflective Learners – review progress and act on the outcomes.

2. The Political Spectrum

3. Socialism is an economic and political theory advocating public or common ownership and cooperative management of the means of production and allocation of resources. Socialists advocate a method of compensation based on individual merit or the amount of labour one contributes to society. They generally share the view that capitalism unfairly concentrates power and wealth within a small segment of society that controls capital and derives its wealth through a system of exploitation. They argue that this creates an unequal society that fails to provide equal opportunities for everyone to maximise their potential. Socialists advocate complete nationalisation of the means of production, distribution, and exchange.

4. After Lenin’s death many leading Party figures began to promote ‘Leninism’, the ideas of Lenin. They believed these ideas could guarantee the ultimate success of the Revolution. But there was little agreement over that ‘Leninism’ actually was. Right CentreCentre Left Rejection of NEP Commitment to industrialisation Permanent Revolution Continuation of NEP Industrialisation in the distant future Socialism in one country

5. 1. Using sources A and D, as well as the information in your booklet, give the main points of the NEP and what benefit they had for Russia. 2. Complete the table on page 8 of your booklet, using the sources, information in the booklet, and your own knowledge. 3. Considering the recent history of Russia, which policy would appeal to the Party members the most? Why? - Permanent Revolution / Socialism in one country - Continuation / abandonment of NEP Extension: Was the NEP a big move away from socialism? Explain your answer using the sources. (PEA)

6. AdvantagesDisadvantages Continuation of NEP Ending NEP Permanent Revolution Socialism in one country